| Chlidonophora chuni | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Brachiopoda |
| Class: | Rhynchonellata |
| Order: | Terebratulida |
| Family: | Chlidonophoridae |
| Genus: | Chlidonophora |
| Species: | C. chuni |
| Binomial name | |
| Chlidonophora chuni Blochmann, 1903 [1] | |
Chlidonophora chuni(Blochmann, 1903) is a extant species of brachiopods in the family Chlidonophoridae. [2]
Chlidonophora chuni is extant to the present day but its complete fossil range is unknown as all occurrences of the species were of living organisms. There have been 19 occurrences of this species, most in the Indian ocean around Madagascar. [2]
Chlidonophora chuni lives in the subtropical waters off the eastern coast of Africa in the Benthic zone. It is blind like all other species of Rhynchonellata. It is stationary and attached to a surface like all other brachiopods. It is a filter feeder (also known as suspension feeder) and its diet consists of suspended food particles like phytoplankton. It also has a taphonomy of low mg calcite like all other brachiopods. [3] It is gonochoric, i.e. there are 2 genders, male and female like humans. [4]
Eggs are shed into the water and are fertilized during the time of spawning. They hatch into free swimming larvae which later metamorphose into adults that are stationary. [4]
Sillimanite or fibrolite is an aluminosilicate mineral with the chemical formula Al2SiO5. Sillimanite is named after the American chemist Benjamin Silliman (1779–1864). It was first described in 1824 for an occurrence in Chester, Connecticut.
Craniata is a class of brachiopods originating in the Cambrian period and still extant today. It is the only class within the subphylum Craniiformea, one of three major subphyla of brachiopods alongside linguliforms and rhynchonelliforms. Craniata is divided into three orders: the extinct Craniopsida and Trimerellida, and the living Craniida, which provides most information on their biology. Living members of the class have shells which are composed of calcite, though some extinct forms my have aragonite shells. The shells are inarticulate and are usually rounded in outline. There is no pedicle; the rear edge of the body cavity is a smooth and flat wall perforated by the anus. This class of brachiopods has an unsupported lophophore with only a single row of tentacles. In the absence of a pedicle, the shell is usually attached directly to a hard substrate. Many craniiforms are encrusting animals which attach directly to the shell of another animal, usually another brachiopod. The plicae from the host brachiopod will then appear within the shell of the craniiform.
Latimeriidae is the only extant family of coelacanths, an ancient lineage of lobe-finned fish. It contains two extant species in the genus Latimeria, found in deep waters off the coasts of southern Africa and east-central Indonesia. In addition, several fossil genera are known from the Mesozoic of Europe, the Middle East, and the southeastern United States, dating back to the Triassic.
Lunaspis is an extinct genus of armor-plated petalichthyid placoderm fish that lived in shallow marine environments of the Early Devonian period, from approximately 409.1 to 402.5 million year ago. Fossils have been found in Germany, China and Australia. There are three different identified species of within the genus Lunaspis: L. broilii, L. heroldi, and L. prumiensis.
Dictyothyris is an extinct genus of brachiopods that lived from the Middle Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous throughout what is now Europe and North Africa.
Brachiopods, phylum Brachiopoda, are a phylum of trochozoan animals that have hard "valves" (shells) on the upper and lower surfaces, unlike the left and right arrangement in bivalve molluscs. Brachiopod valves are hinged at the rear end, while the front can be opened for feeding or closed for protection. Two major categories are traditionally recognized, articulate and inarticulate brachiopods. The word "articulate" is used to describe the tooth-and-groove structures of the valve-hinge which is present in the articulate group, and absent from the inarticulate group. This is the leading diagnostic skeletal feature, by which the two main groups can be readily distinguished as fossils. Articulate brachiopods have toothed hinges and simple, vertically oriented opening and closing muscles. Conversely, inarticulate brachiopods have weak, untoothed hinges and a more complex system of vertical and oblique (diagonal) muscles used to keep the two valves aligned. In many brachiopods, a stalk-like pedicle projects from an opening near the hinge of one of the valves, known as the pedicle or ventral valve. The pedicle, when present, keeps the animal anchored to the seabed but clear of sediment which would obstruct the opening.
†Holopeidae is an extinct family of paleozoic gastropod mollusks. These molluscs were stationary epifaunal suspension feeders.
Spirifer is a genus of marine brachiopods belonging to the order Spiriferida and family Spiriferidae. Species belonging to the genus lived from the Middle Ordovician (Sandbian) through to the Late Triassic (Carnian) with a global distribution. They were stationary epifaunal suspension feeders.
Sphenorhynchia plicatella is an extinct species of brachiopods belonging to the family Prionorhynchiidae.
Peregrinella is an extinct Early Cretaceous rhynchonellid genus with scattered, global representation from North America to Europe and Tibet. These brachiopods are stationary epifaunal suspension feeders, its most distinguishing feature is the size, considered to be the largest of all Mesozoic rhynchonellids, which has long puzzled paleontologists because of its unusual morphology, stratigraphic occurrence, and distribution patterns.
Gypospirifer condor is an extinct species of articulate brachiopod fossils belonging to the family Trigonotretidae. They were stationary epifaunal suspension feeders.
Galeocerdo alabamensis is an extinct relative of the modern tiger shark. Nomenclature of this shark has been debated, and recent literature identified it more closely with the Physogaleus genus of prehistoric shark, rather than Galeocerdo. The classification of Physogaleus is known as tiger-like sharks while Galeocerdo refers to tiger sharks. In 2003, P. alabamensis was classified as Galeocerdo. However, in 2019, they were proclaimed to be more morphologically similar to the genus Physogaleus. This definition was based primarily on tooth shape, as the majority of information on P. alabamensis is a result of studying tooth fossils. Distinctions between Physogaleus and Galeocerdo are difficult with extinct sharks from the Oilgocene/Miocene as there is little paleobiological information allowing for hard conclusions.
Juresania is an extinct genus of brachiopod that existed from the Carboniferous to the Permian.
Chlidonophoridae is a family of brachiopods belonging to the order Terebratulida.
Chlidonophora is a genus of marine animals in the phylum Brachiopoda belonging to the family Chlidonophoridae.
Dallithyris is a genus of brachiopods belonging to the family Terebratulidae.
Saffordia is an extinct genus of bivalve mollusc of the order Modiomorphida. It lived during the middle to late Ordovician. Based on other members of it family, this clam was a stationary epifaunal suspension feeder. Its only species is Saffordia ventralis, which features a prominent escutcheon and is similar to – possibly synonymous with – Heikea. The clam can be distinguished from others due to its parallel shell haves with noticeable notches at the end.
Deslongchampsithyris is a genus of brachiopods in the family Chlidonophoridae.
Chlidonophora incerta is a species of brachiopod in the family Chlidonophoridae.