Chocolate boobook

Last updated

Chocolate boobook
CITES Appendix II (CITES) [2]
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Strigiformes
Family: Strigidae
Genus: Ninox
Species:
N. randi
Binomial name
Ninox randi
Deignan, 1951
Synonyms

Ninox scutulata randi

The chocolate boobook (Ninox randi) is a bird species in the true owl family, Strigidae. It was formerly considered to be a subspecies of the brown boobook. It was formerly thought to be endemic to the Philippines until it was heard and recorded Karakelang in Indonesia in 1997 but there have been no subsequent records outside the Philippines since. [3]

Contents

Description and taxonomy

EBird describes the bird as "A medium-sized owl of lowland and foothill forest and edge. Dark brown on the upperparts and head, with white underparts thickly streaked with reddish-brown. Face grayish and eyes yellow. Occurs together with several other boobook species, but Chocolate is much larger, with plain brown wings and more demarcated streaking on the chest. Voice is also different: a series of identical, medium-pitched “boop!” notes." [4] It is part of the Brown boobook species complex but is differentiated by voice and its body measurements.

It is monotypic and has no subspecies. [3]

Ecology and behavior

Diet is unknown but presumed to be the typical boobook diet of insects and small vertebrates. Nothing is known about its breeding habits except a young individual was found in June. It is pressumed to be a cavity nester. [3]

Habitat and conservation status

This species habitat is in primary lowland rainforest, second-growth forest and mangroves up to 1,000 meters above sea level. It is not tolerant of cultivated areas and human habitated areas.

IUCN has assessed this bird as near-threatened species with the population believed to be declining due to deforestation in the Philippines continues throughout the country due to slash and burn farming, mining, illegal logging and habitat conversion. It is also occasionally caught for the pet trade or for bushmeat.

It is found in multiple protected areas such as Pasonanca Natural Park, Rajah Sikatuna Protected Landscape and Bataan National Park but like all areas in the Philippines, protection is lax and deforestation continues despite this protection on paper. [5]


Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">New Britain boobook</span> Species of owl

The New Britain boobook, also known as the spangled boobook, russet boobook, New Britain hawk-owl or russet hawk-owl, is a small owl that is endemic to New Britain, the largest island in the Bismarck Archipelago in Papua New Guinea.

The Manus boobook, Manus hawk owl, Admiralty hawk owl or Admiralty Islands hawk owl is a small owl. It has an unmarked brown facial disk, rufous crown and back, barred white flight feathers and tail, and whitish underparts with rufous streaking. Its call is repeated growling, like that of a frog.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mindanao scops owl</span> Species of owl

The Mindanao scops owl is an owl endemic to Mindanao island in the Philippines. It is found in tropical montane forest above 1,000 meters above sea level. It is threatened by habitat destruction and deforestation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Handsome sunbird</span> Species of bird

The handsome sunbird is a species of bird in the family Nectariniidae. It is endemic to the Philippines.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Buzzing flowerpecker</span> Species of bird

The buzzing flowerpecker or white-bellied flowerpecker is a species of bird in the family Dicaeidae. It is endemic to the Philippines. Its natural habitats are tropical moist lowland forest and or tropical moist montane forest.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Stripe-breasted rhabdornis</span> Species of bird

The stripe-breasted rhabdornis, also known as the stripe-breasted creeper or plain-headed creeper, is a species of bird currently placed in the starling family, Sturnidae. It is endemic to the Philippines on the islands of Mindanao, Leyte, Samar and Biliran. It is typically found in tropical montane and submontane forest but has been found as low as 230 masl in Leyte. It is part of a species complex that includes the Visayan rhabdornis and the Grand rhabdornis which were formerly subspecies of this bird.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Stripe-headed rhabdornis</span> Species of bird

The stripe-headed rhabdornis or stripe-headed creeper, also known as the stripe-sided rhabdornis, is a species of bird currently placed in the starling family, Sturnidae. It is endemic to the Philippines.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Grey-throated sunbird</span> Species of bird

The grey-throated sunbird is a species of bird in the family Nectariniidae. It is found in a wide range of semi-open wooded habitats in the northern and eastern part of the Philippines. It is often considered a subspecies of the brown-throated sunbird, but the two differ consistently in measurements and plumage, and there is no evidence of intergradation between them.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Northern boobook</span> Species of owl

The northern boobook belongs to the family Strigidae and is a raptorial owl endemic to eastern and southern countries of Asia. The species was considered, until recently, a conspecific of Ninox scutulata or brown boobook, a species of similar distribution encompassing 11 subspecies. The species currently includes two subspecies, the migrant Ninox japonica japonica and the non-migrant Ninox japonica totogo. Despite being considered as the most common breeding owl in Japan, little research has been conducted on the species and subspecies and the taxonomic classification of N. j. totogo and N. j. japonica has been a subject of debate. There are no indications of significant decline in northern boobook populations and therefore its conservation status has been classified as least concern by the IUCN Red List.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Halmahera boobook</span> Species of owl

The Halmahera boobook is a species of owl in the family Strigidae. It inhabits the Indonesian islands of Halmahera, Ternate and Bacan. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. It is threatened by habitat loss. It was previously considered to be a subspecies of the Moluccan boobook.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tanimbar boobook</span> Species of owl

The Tanimbar boobook, or Tanimbar hawk-owl, is a species of owl in the family Strigidae. It is found in the Tanimbar Islands of Indonesia. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. It is threatened by habitat loss. It used to be considered a subspecies of the Moluccan boobook.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Camiguin boobook</span> Species of owl

The Camiguin boobook or Camiguin hawk-owl is an owl species resident to the Camiguin island in the Philippines. It is the only owl in the country with greenish-yellow or grayish eyes. It was previously known as a subspecies of the Philippine hawk-owl, but was reclassified in 2012, as voice and other evidence suggested it a distinct species. Its native name is kugkug

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Negros scops owl</span> Species of owl

The Negros scops owl, also known as the Visayan scops owl, is an owl, endemic to the islands of Negros and Panay in the Philippines, belonging to the family of the typical owls Strigidae. It was formerly classified as a subspecies of the Philippine scops owl. It is threatened by habitat loss and hunting for the pet trade.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Luzon boobook</span> Species of owl

The Luzon boobook or Luzon hawk owl, also Philippine hawk owl or Philippine boobook, is a species of owl in the family Strigidae. It is endemic to the Philippines where it lives in forests. It is a brown and white mottled bird and males and females look much alike.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mindanao boobook</span> Species of owl

The Mindanao boobook or Mindanao hawk-owl is a species of owl in the family Strigidae that is endemic to the Philippines on the island of Mindanao. It was previously known as a subspecies of the Philippine hawk-owl, but was reclassified in 2012, as voice and other evidence suggested it a distinct species. It is found in tropical moist lowland forest. It is threatened by habitat loss.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mindoro boobook</span> Species of owl

The Mindoro boobook or Mindoro hawk-owl is a species of owl in the family Strigidae that is endemic to the Philippines.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Romblon boobook</span> Species of owl

The Romblon boobook or Romblon hawk-owl, is a species of owl in the family Strigidae that is endemic to the Philippines. It is only found on the islands of Tablas, Sibuyan and Romblon. It was previously known as a subspecies of the Philippine hawk-owl, but was reclassified in 2012, as voice and other evidence suggested it was a distinct species. Its natural habitat is tropical moist lowland forest. It is threatened by habitat loss.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cebu boobook</span> Species of owl

The Cebu boobook or Cebu hawk-owl is a species of owl in the family Strigidae. It is endemic to the Philippines. It was formerly considered a subspecies of the Philippine hawk-owl, but was reclassified in 2012, as voice and other data suggested placement in a distinct species.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sulu boobook</span> Species of owl

The Sulu boobook or Sulu hawk-owl is a species of owl in the family Strigidae. It is endemic to the Sulu Archipelago in the Philippines. It was previously known as a subspecies of the Philippine hawk-owl, but was reclassified in 2012, as voice and other evidence suggested it was a distinct species. It is found in tropical moist lowland forest. It is threatened by habitat loss.

The Buru boobook, is a species of owl in the family Strigidae. It is found in Indonesia. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. It is threatened by habitat loss. It used to be considered a subspecies of the Moluccan boobook.

References

  1. BirdLife International (2016). "Ninox randi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T22726321A94918597. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22726321A94918597.en . Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  2. "Appendices | CITES". cites.org. Retrieved 2022-01-14.
  3. 1 2 3 del Hoyo, Josep; Collar, Nigel; Marks, Jeffrey S. (2020-03-04), "Chocolate Boobook (Ninox randi)", Birds of the World, Cornell Lab of Ornithology, doi:10.2173/bow.choboo1.01 , retrieved 2024-09-09
  4. "Chocolate Boobook - eBird". ebird.org. Retrieved 2024-09-09.
  5. IUCN (2016-10-01). Ninox randi: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T22726321A94918597 (Report). International Union for Conservation of Nature. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-3.rlts.t22726321a94918597.en.
  6. Konig, Claus; Weick, Friedhelm (2008). Owls of the World. London, UK: Christopher Helm. p. 188. ISBN   978-0-7136-6548-2 . Retrieved 7 August 2014.