St Giles comprises a "battlemented" tower,[5] a nave, a chancel and the Hastings Chapel.[3] The church is built mainly of flint and chalk stone, with tiled roofs.[6] The exception is the Hastings Chapel which is constructed of red brick.[3] The style of the chapel is later than the Gothic of the church; Simon Jenkins, the writer and former chairman of the National Trust, describes it as "Tudor".[5] The church has extensions to either side, a vestry of the early 20th century, and an entrance and vestibule installed in the Victorian period to provide private access to the church for the owners of the adjacent manor house.[7] Elizabeth Williamson, in the 2003 revised edition, Buckinghamshire, of the Pevsner Buildings of England series, considered the Victorian porch an "excrescence".
Ground floor plan of St Giles' church, between 1840s and 1940s
During the Victorian era, a restoration was carried out by George Edmund Street.[8] Jenkins, in his volume England's Thousand Best Churches, thought that the exterior was treated more sympathetically than the interior. Of the latter, he describes the removal of the plasterwork in the nave, together with the replacement of the Norman chancel arch and the opening up of the hammerbeam roof, as giving the church the appearance of "a barn".[5]
Adjacent to the church are the Stoke Poges Memorial Gardens, founded in 1935 by Sir Noel Mobbs to ensure "the maintenance in perpetuity of the peace, quietness and beauty of the ancient church and churchyard".[14][15] The gardens were landscaped by Edward White[16] and contain a number of private plots for the interment of ashes, within a larger, Grade I listed park.[17][18][19] The ashes of the film director Alexander Korda and the broadcaster Kenneth Horne, among others, are interred in the garden.[18]
There is a wide variety of stained glass which accounts for virtually every window of the church. There is 17th century glass to modern late 20th century designs. The cloisters used to have glass depicting coats of arms relating to persons known to Sir Edward Coke, a former owner of the adjoining Manor House. That glass, according to tradition, is said to have come across from the Manor House upon its partial demolition in 1790.[26][27] In 1946 during restoration work, glass displaying the coat of arms were fitted in the Hastings chapel.[28] The arms represent: Roger Manners; John Fortescue; Sir Walter Mildmay[29] and of families of Ducie, Pipe, Sheffield and Pyott.[26][30] The restoration resulted in a new East central window of the Crucifixion by Martin Travers and Lawrence Lee[31] replacing an image of the founder of the chapel, Lord Hastings of Loughborough.[32] The large west window of the nave is the work of Charles Kemp, in memory of Edward Coleman. The work of Louis Davies is in the north west corner, remembering Rev St John Parry and pupils of Stoke House school in Stoke Poges.[26] The south aisle of the nave have vibrant windows by Mayer & Co. which remembers the death of a small child of the Howard Vyse family.[28][33] The modern glass created in 1998 by Richard Molyneux and David Wasley is in the tower. It is called, 'The Love of God' but also The Mothers' Union window, remembering Mary Thorpe.[34][35]
Huge panels of early 16th century glass were fitted in a private vestibule in mid-Victorian times, by Edward Coleman, the owner of Stoke Park, Buckinghamshire.[27] In the 1920s the glass was removed; the church became owner of the vestibule and glass was subsequently sold in 1929.[36] In the 21st century, they form major documents of excellent stained glass of the period at the Detroit Institute of Arts.[7][37]
There are three large war memorials inside the church. The World War One marble tablet memorial, lists 48 men from Stoke Poges who died.[46] The memorial was executed by Sir Ernest George and Mr Basil Gotto, a sculptor.[47] It is located in the chancel. The World War Two stained glass window memorial lists 8 men from Stoke Poges who died. The memorial was designed by Lawrence Lee and executed by Christopher Wallis.[48] It is at the west end of the nave. Also incorporated in the window are the coat of arms of the Diocese of Oxford and an ancient restored image of a person on a hobby horse blowing through a trumpet, known as the 'bicycle window'.[28] Men who had attended Stoke House School in Stoke Poges and later died in the South Africa War (1901–1903) are remembered by a stained glass window which depicts St Michael and St George.[49] The window was designed by Louis Davis.[50] It is located in the north aisle.
A Norman lancet window in the chancel was restored in 1947 and it remembers the men and women of Britain and Allies who died in World War II.[36][51] Another lancet window in the chancel, remembers Captain Frederick Henry Allhusen of the 9th Royal Lancers who served in South Africa during 1899.[52]
World War I memorial
Memorials to individuals killed in action
There are three memorials to men who were killed in action. Killed in 1882 was Lieutenant Henry Granville Lindsay who was serving in the 60th Rifles, mounted infantry, died in Egypt. He is remembered on a brass plaque along with members of the Howard Vyse family.[53] It is located in the south aisle. Killed in 1914 was Lieutenant Samuel Vernon Einem Hickson who was serving in the Loyal North Lancashire Regiment, died in Tanga.[54] He is remembered on a memorial stone in the nave. Killed in 1944 was Pilot Officer John Stuart Deveraux who was serving in Egypt. He is remembered on a stone tablet in the Hastings chapel.[36][55][56][57]
Other military memorials
Part of the 'Gurkha Rifles flag
Inside the Hastings chapel are items remembering the 4th Prince of Wales's Own (PWO) Gurkha Rifles which includes an Officers' Book of Remembrance and a battle honours Regimental flag.[58] The Vicar is the Honorary Chaplain to the PWO 4th Gurkha Rifles Officers Association.[59][60]
On the north side of the altar is the oldest brass, which is to Sir William de Moleyns who died in 1425 at the Siege of Orléans, and his wife, Margaret. On the south side is part of the brass for their daughter and heiress Alianore, but her effigy has been removed leaving only the inscription and arms.[38][36] The third brass at the front of the altar was removed in the late 20th century, except for the arms. It was to Edmund Hampdyn and his wife, Isabel.[64][38]
Funeral hatchments
There are nineteen funeral hatchments hung on the walls of the chancel, Hastings chapel and tower. This is the most funeral hatchments in one building within the county of Buckinghamshire. The funeral hatchments are for the following people, with their motto where shown:[65]
• Frances Stapleton (d.1746), 1st married to Sir William Stapleton, 3rd Baronet, and 2nd marriage to Colonel Walter Hamilton, Governor of the Leeward Islands and daughter of Sir James Russell. Motto: Mors janua vita
• John Crichloe Turner (d.1813), Sir, of Castle Carleton, Lincolnshire. Motto: Spero
• Mr Woodhouse. The smallest hatchment and oldest in the church, probably of the late 17th century)
Clergy have also worked in the Parish of Stoke Poges at the Lord Hastings Hospital; the Mission Room; the Chapel of Ease:St Wilfred's and St Andrew's Church Centre
Memorial for Revd Richard Redding in the Hastings chapel
Memorial for Revd Arthur Bold in the choir
Grave of Revd David H. Bryant-Bevan in the churchyard
Grave of Revd Cyril E. Harris in the churchyard
Board listing Vicars to 2000 in the tower
Bells
Sallies and ropes for the 8 bells
The three oldest bells date from 1728. Restoration work of a total of six bells took place in 1894, carried out by Mears and Stainbank in Whitechapel, London. In 1912 the bells were rehung in a new iron frame. Twelve years later, following the removal of the spire, a new ringing chamber was created above what had been a gallery: directly above the 'Manor House – Penn pews' within the tower. The chamber is accessed from external stairs.[70][71]
A stay, headstock, wheel and bell in the bell tower
The bells were rehung and augmented in 1938 to give a ring of eight. 20th-century rehang and recast on each occasion has been carried out by the Gillett & Johnston bell foundry. The bells are rung 'full circle'.[70][72][73]
Details of the bells
Bell
Weight (kg)
Note
Diameter (in)
Year cast
Founder
1
195.0
F♯
25½
1937
Gillett & Johnson, Croydon
2
194.6
E♯
26
1937
Gillett & Johnson, Croydon
3
183.7
D♯
27
1824
Mears, London
4
231.3
C♯
29½
1772
Swain, London
5
289.4
B
31¾
1728
Phelps, London
6
327.9
A♯
33¾
1773
Swain, London
7
421.4
G♯
37⅛
1728
Phelps, London
8
687.2
F♯
42¼
1728
Phelps, London
Thomas Gray and Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard
Beneath those rugged elms, that yew-tree's shade, Where heaves the turf in many a mouldering heap, Each in his narrow cell for ever laid, The rude forefathers of the hamlet sleep.
Thomas Gray was a regular visitor to Stoke Poges, which was home to his mother and an aunt,[75] and the churchyard at St Giles is reputed to have been the inspiration for his Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard, though this is not universally accepted.[76] Some scholars suggest that much, or all, of the poem was written in Cambridge, where Gray lived.[77][78] Other commentators have identified as alternative possibilities St Mary's, Everdon, Northamptonshire; and St Laurence's Church, Upton-cum-Chalvey, Berkshire.[79] The poem certainly had a long gestation,[80] but it was completed at Stoke Poges in 1750. In June of that year, Gray wrote to his friend and supporter, Horace Walpole; "I have been here at Stoke a few days and having put an end to a thing, whose beginning you have seen long ago, I immediately send it to you."[81]A. L. Lytton Sells writes that there is "no doubt" about the identification of St. Giles as the churchyard of Gray's Elegy,[82] and Robert L. Mack calls it "very close to irrefutable".[74]
In 1771 Gray was buried (in accordance with his instructions) in the churchyard, in the vault erected for his mother and aunt.[75] The tomb above records the names, ages and dates of death of Gray's mother and aunt, and his own tribute to his mother ("the careful tender mother of many children, one of whom alone had the misfortune to survive her")[83] but no reference to Gray himself. Instead, his death and burial are recorded on a plaque set into the adjacent, external wall of the Hastings Chapel.
Thomas Gray was an English poet, letter-writer, and classical scholar at Cambridge University, being a fellow first of Peterhouse then of Pembroke College. He is widely known for his Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard, published in 1751.
Sir George Gilbert Scott, largely known as Sir Gilbert Scott, was a prolific English Gothic Revival architect, chiefly associated with the design, building and renovation of churches and cathedrals, although he started his career as a leading designer of workhouses. Over 800 buildings were designed or altered by him.
Stoke Poges is a village and civil parish in south-east Buckinghamshire, England. It is centred 3 miles (4.8 km) north-north-east of Slough, its post town, and 2 miles (3.2 km) southeast of Farnham Common.
John Oldrid Scott was a British architect.
Major General Richard William Howard Howard Vyse was a British soldier and Egyptologist. He was also Member of Parliament (MP) for Beverley and Honiton.
Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard is a poem by Thomas Gray, completed in 1750 and first published in 1751. The poem's origins are unknown, but it was partly inspired by Gray's thoughts following the death of the poet Richard West in 1742. Originally titled Stanzas Wrote in a Country Church-Yard, the poem was completed when Gray was living near the Church of St Giles, Stoke Poges. It was sent to his friend Horace Walpole, who popularised the poem among London literary circles. Gray was eventually forced to publish the work on 15 February 1751 in order to preempt a magazine publisher from printing an unlicensed copy of the poem.
St Giles in the Fields is the Anglican parish church of the St Giles district of London. The parish stands within the London Borough of Camden and forms part of the Diocese of London. The church, named for St Giles the Hermit, began as the chapel of a 12th-century monastery and leper hospital in the fields between Westminster and the City of London and now gives its name to the surrounding urban district of St Giles in the West End of London, situated between Seven Dials, Bloomsbury, Holborn and Soho. The present church is the third on the site since 1101 and was rebuilt most recently in 1731–1733 in Palladian style to designs by the architect Henry Flitcroft.
Sir John Ninian Comper was a Scottish architect, one of the last of the great Gothic Revival architects.
The Smalbroke family was a powerful landed gentry family between the early 15th and early 19th centuries, owning large areas of land in Birmingham, England.
Sir Bernard Oppenheimer, 1st Baronet was a South African-British diamond merchant and philanthropist.
Granville Penn was a great-grandson of Admiral Sir William Penn, a British author, and scriptural geologist.
Edward Hastings, 1st Baron Hastings of Loughborough, KG PC was an English peer, the fourth son of George Hastings, 1st Earl of Huntingdon. He married Joane Harrington daughter of John Harrington of Bagworth, Leicestershire circa 1544.
St Mary Magdalen Roman Catholic Church, Mortlake, is a Roman Catholic church in North Worple Way, Mortlake, in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames. The church is dedicated to Jesus' companion Mary Magdalene. It is located just south of Mortlake High Street and the Anglican St Mary the Virgin Church. St Mary Magdalen's Catholic Primary School is just north of the churchyard.
Major General Sir Richard Granville Hylton Howard-Vyse was a cavalry officer in the British Army.
Sir William Moleyns was an English landowner, administrator and politician from Stoke Poges in Buckinghamshire.
Gregory Hascard DD was a Canon of Windsor from 1671 to 1684 and then Dean of Windsor from 1684 until 1708, but he was also a noted pluralist. He wrote three books on religious subjects.
Stoke Place is a country house in Stoke Poges in Buckinghamshire.
Lady Juliana Penn was the English wife of Thomas Penn, and she assisted him in the administration of the Colony of Pennsylvania in his later years. She corresponded with John Adams and other leaders of the early United States.
The Stoke Poges Memorial Gardens in Buckinghamshire, England are listed Grade I on the Register of Historic Parks and Gardens. They are adjacent to the Church of St Giles in the village of Stoke Poges.
1 2 You, Yao‑Fen (2015). "New observations concerning the Stoke Poges windows". Revista de História da Arte. 03 (Collecting through Connections): 152 to 164.
↑ Lamborn, Edmund Arnold Greening (1944). "The Armorial Glass of the Enamel Period at Stoke Poges". The British Society of Master Glass Painters. IX (2).
↑ Travers, Martin; Lee, Lawrence Stanley. "Crucifixion". www.buckschurches.uk. Retrieved 18 February 2024.
1 2 3 Neale, John Preston; Le Keux, John (1824). Collegiate and Parochial Churches in Great Britain. Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, Brown & Green of London.
↑ Mother and Child, Angel and Child. "S aisle S". www.buckschurches.uk. Retrieved 18 February 2024.
↑ Molineux, Richard; Wasley, David. "The Love of God". www.buckschurches.uk. Retrieved 18 February 2024.
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