| Clan Dunbar | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Dunbarra | |||
 | |||
| Motto | In Promptu ( In readiness) [1] | ||
| Profile | |||
| Region | Lowlands | ||
| District | Dumfries and Galloway | ||
| Chief | |||
 | |||
| Sir James Michael Dunbar | |||
| 14th Baronet of Mochrum and 39th Hereditary Chief of the Name and Arms of Dunbar | |||
| Seat | Mochrum Castle | ||
| Historic seat | Dunbar Castle | ||
| |||
| |||
Clan Dunbar is a Scottish clan of the Scottish Lowlands. [2]
The chiefs of Clan Dunbar are of ancient Celtic origin. [2] The town and port of Dunbar have featured prominently in Scottish history on various occasions. [2]
Gospatric, Earl of Northumbria received from Malcolm III of Scotland, the lands of Dunbar as well as other parts of Lothian. [2] In 1128 Gospatric's son, Gospatric II, Earl of Lothian, witnessed the foundation of Holyrood Abbey. [2] He also accorded the rank of earl and made donations to Kelso Abbey. [2]
In around 1184 Patrick of Dunbar married Ada, daughter of William the Lion and was created justiciar of Lothian. [2] Patrick, Earl of Dunbar's daughter received the lands of Home as part of her dowry. [2] This established the line which later became the Earls of Home in the 17th century. [2] The Earl of Dunbar's son, Patrick, went to the Crusades and died at the Siege of Damietta in 1248. [2]
One of the competitors for the Scottish Crown in 1291 was Patrick Black Beard, Earl of Dunbar who claimed it through his royal grandmother, Ada. [2] Patrick's wife was a Comyn who held Dunbar Castle for John Balliol, although she was forced to surrender it in April 1296. [2] Patrick, Earl of Dunbar sheltered Edward II of England after his escape from the Battle of Bannockburn in 1314. [2] Historians have said that if Dunbar had seized Edward then Edward may have been forced to make peace with Robert the Bruce, preventing further bloodshed. [2] However despite Dunbar's apparent treachery he made peace with his cousin, King Robert, and was present at the Parliament at Ayr in 1315. [2]
Dunbar was later appointed governor of Berwick where he was besieged by Edward III of England. [2] Dunbar surrendered to the English but renounced any allegiance to the English king and as a result his castle was besieged by the Earl of Salisbury. [2] The castle was under the command of Dunbar's wife, Black Agnes. [2] The English attacked the castle with all the siege craft technology of the fourteenth-century including a machine called a "Sow". [2] However, Black Agnes personally directed the machine's destruction by rocks being hurled from the castle walls. [2] The siege lasted nineteen weeks and the Earl of Salisbury retired leaving Agnes in possession of her husband's fortress. [2] When the English fled for their lives, Agnes is said to have scoffed, behold the litter of the English pigs. [2]
The tenth Earl of Dunbar had vast estates and was one of the most powerful nobles in Scotland. [2] He fought at the Battle of Otterburn in 1388. [2] The Earl arranged for his daughter to marry a son of Robert III of Scotland however due to the influence of the Clan Douglas the marriage did not take place. [2]
George, 11th Earl of Dunbar succeeded to his father's vast estates in 1420. [2] He was prominent in public affairs but his wealth became his undoing. [2] James I of Scotland coveted the Dunbar estates and imprisoned the earl on charges of treason with the estates being forfeited to the Crown. [2] He was the last Earl of Dunbar. [2]
There were several other branches of the Clan Dunbar including the Dunbars of Mochrum (current chiefs), Dunbars of Northfield, Dunbars of Hempriggs, Dunbars of Durn and the Dunbars of Both. [2] The representative of each branch achieved the rank of baronet. [2]
During the reign of James V of Scotland, Gavin Dunbar (archbishop of Glasgow), who was a younger son of Sir John Dunbar of Mochrum, distinguished himself at the University of Glasgow and became Dean of Moray in 1514. [2] He was appointed Archbishop of Glasgow in 1524. [2] However he was criticised for his participation in the persecution of Protestants which was instigated by Cardinal Beaton. [2]
In 1513 Sir John Dunbar of Mochrum, Wigtownshire was killed at the Battle of Flodden. [3]
In 1598 the lands of George Dunbar of Moyness were raided by the Clan Cameron. The men listed as being involved in this raid include a good number of Camerons and those from the various tribes of Clan Cameron. Among the so-named "perpetrators" was Allan Cameron, XVI Captain and Chief of Clan Cameron and twenty six other Camerons of noteworthy families. They burnt a handful of homes and took away three score and ten horses, among numerous other personal possessions. [4]
In 1694 Sir James Dunbar of Mochrum was created a Baronet of Nova Scotia. [2] The second baronet served in the cavalry of the Duke of Marlborough with great distinction. [2] He was recognised as clan chief upon the death of Ludovic Dunbar in 1744. [2]
Sir Jean Ivor Dunbar was the 13th Baronet of Mochrum and the Chief of the Name and Arms of Dunbar. After his death in 1993 the title passed to his son, Sir James Michael Dunbar, 14th Baronet of Mochrum and 39th Hereditary Chief of the Name and Arms of Dunbar. He is a retired Colonel of the United States Air Force. In 1990 the chiefship was only established after a celebrated court case that was first heard before the Lord Lyon King of Arms, the Supreme Court in Edinburgh, and then finally in the House of Lords where it was concluded. [2]
Clan Keith is a Highland and Lowland Scottish clan, whose Chief historically held the hereditary title of Marischal, then Great Marischal, then Earl Marischal of Scotland.
Patrick de Dunbar, 9th Earl of March, was a prominent Scottish magnate during the reigns of Robert the Bruce and David II.
The title Earl of Dunbar, also called Earl of Lothian or Earl of March, was the head of a comital lordship in south-eastern Scotland between the early 12th century and the early 15th century. The first man to use the title of Earl in this earldom was Gospatric II, Earl of Lothian, son of Gospatric, Earl of Northumbria. It descended to George de Dunbar, 11th Earl of March, who was forfeited by parliament of his titles & estates in 1435, and retired into obscurity in England. His son Patrick retained a barony at Kilconquhar in Fife.
Agnes Randolph, Countess of Dunbar and March, known as Black Agnes for her dark complexion, was the wife of Patrick, 9th Earl of Dunbar and March. She is buried in the vault near Mordington House.
Clan Grant is a Highland Scottish clan.
Patrick IV, 8th Earl of Dunbar and Earl of March, sometimes called Patrick de Dunbar "8th" Earl of March, was the most important magnate in the border regions of Scotland. He was one of the Competitors for the Crown of Scotland.
Patrick III, 7th Earl of Dunbar was lord of the feudal barony of Dunbar and its castle, which dominated East Lothian, and the most important military personage in the Scottish Borders.
The Clan Ruthven is a Lowland Scottish clan.
Clan Douglas is an ancient clan or noble house from the Scottish Lowlands.
Clan Houston is a Scottish clan. The clan did not have a chief therefore it was considered an Armigerous clan.
Clan Colquhoun is a Highland Scottish clan.
Clan Carmichael is a Scottish clan and is also considered a sept of the Clan Douglas, Clan MacDougall, Stewart of Appin, and Stewart of Galloway.
Clan Home is a Scottish clan. It held immense power for much of the Middle Ages and dominated the eastern Scottish Borders. It produced no fewer than eight Wardens of the Eastern March – more than any other family.
Clan Johnstone is a Border Reiver Scottish clan.
Clan Oliphant is a Highland Scottish clan.
Clan Haldane is a Lowland Scottish clan.
Clan Hannay is a Lowland Scottish clan.
Clan Hope is a Scottish clan of the Scottish Lowlands.
Clan Maitland is a Lowland Scottish clan.
Patrick I, Earl of Dunbar and lord of Beanley, was a 13th-century Anglo-Scottish noble.