 | This article relies largely or entirely on a single source .(August 2014) |
| Clan Stuart of Bute | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Motto | Nobilis Est Ira Leonis (The Lion's Anger is Noble) [1] |
| Profile | |
| Region | Highland |
| District | Argyll |
| Plant badge | Unknown |
| Chief | |
 | |
| John Colum Crichton-Stuart | |
| 7th Marquess of Bute [1] | |
| Seat | Rothesay, Argyll and Bute |
Clan Stuart of Bute is a Highland Scottish Clan and is a branch of the larger Clan Stewart. [2]
The Stewards or Seneschals of Dol in Brittany came to Scotland through Normandy and England when David I of Scotland returned in 1124 to claim his throne. [2] In Scotland they rose to a high rank, becoming High Stewards of Scotland. [2]
Through a marriage to Marjorie Bruce, daughter of king Robert the Bruce, the Stewarts acquired the throne of Scotland when David II of Scotland, only son of Robert the Bruce died. [2] Robert Stewart, who reigned as Robert II of Scotland gave to his illegitimate son by Moira Leitch (according to tradition), Sir John Stewart (1360–1445), [3] [4] the Isle of Bute, the Isle of Arran and the Isle of Cumbrae. [2] The king conferred these lands into a County and made his son the Sheriff. [2] This was confirmed in a charter by Robert III of Scotland in 1400. [2]
John Stewart ( 1360-1445) was 1st Sheriff of Bute between 1445 and 1449. [5] [6] [2] He was succeeded by his son,James Stewart, who was 2nd Sheriff of Bute. [6] His son Stewart 3rd Sheriff of Bute [7] was the father of Ninian Stewart who was confirmed in the office of Sheriff of Bute as well as the lands of Ardmaleish, Greenan, the Mill of Kilcatten and also Corrigillis. [2] Ninian Stewart was created Hereditary Captain and Keeper of Rothesay Castle on Bute in 1498 by James IV of Scotland, an honour still held by the family today, and shown in their coat of arms. [2]
Ninian Stewart married three times. [2] In 1539 he was succeeded by his son James Stewart. [2] James suffered during the feud between the Earl of Arran who was regent of Scotland and the Earl of Lennox. [2] James Stewart was succeeded by his son, John Stewart, who attended the Parliament in Edinburgh as the Commissioner for Bute. [2] The family favoured the French spelling of the name as Stuart, which was introduced by Mary, Queen of Scots, and is still used by the present Chiefs. [2]
On 28 March 1627 Sir James Stuart of Bute was created 1st Stuart Baronet, of Bute in the Baronetage of Nova Scotia by Charles I of England. [2] During the early part of the Scottish Civil War he garrisoned Rothesay Castle and raised soldiers for the king at his own expense. [2] Stuart was appointed royal lieutenant for the west of Scotland. [2] He decided to take possession of Dumbarton Castle but two frigates that were sent to assist fell foul of stormy weather, with one being completely wrecked. [2] As a result, Sir James Stuart was forced to flee to Ireland. [2] When Oliver Cromwell was victorious Sir James Stuart was forced to pay a substantial fine to redeem his estates that had been sequestrated. [2]
Sir James Stuart's grandson was another James Stuart, who upon the forfeiture of the Earl of Argyll in 1681, was appointed as Colonel of the local Militia. [2] This James Stuart supported the accession of William of Orange and his wife, Queen Mary Stuart. [2]
During the reign of Anne, Queen of Great Britain, James Stuart was made a Privy Councillor and a Commissioner for the negotiation of Treaty of Union. [2] He was created 1st Earl of Bute on 14 April 1703, as well as 1st Viscount Kingarth and 1st Lord Mount Stuart, Cumra and Inchmarnock, all in the Peerage of Scotland. [2] However, by 1706, the Earl was convinced that a union with England would not work and withdrew his support when he realised that Parliament would vote in favour of the alliance. [2] Stuart married the eldest daughter of Sir George Mackenzie of Rosehaugh. [2]
After the succession of George I of Great Britain, James Stuart, 2nd Earl of Bute, was appointed as Commissioner for Trade and Police in Scotland, Lord Lieutenant of Bute and also a Gentleman of the Bedchamber from 1721 to 1723. [2] During the Jacobite Rising of 1715 he commanded the Bute and Argyll Militia and kept that part of the country peaceful. [2]
John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute, was a tutor to Prince George and when the prince became king George III, the 3rd Earl of Bute was made Groom of the Stool between 1760 and 1761, a Privy Councillor, First Lord of the Treasury and eventually Prime Minister of Great Britain and Ireland in 1762. [2] [8] He concluded a treaty with France in 1763 which brought to an end the Seven Years' War. [2] He was succeeded by his son, John Stewart, Lord Mount Stuart, Cumra and Inchmarnock, who married Lady Elizabeth Penelope McDouall-Crichton, the only daughter, child and heiress of Patrick McDouall-Crichton, 6th Earl of Dumfries, etc., in the Peerage of Scotland, and wife Margaret Crauford. [2] In 1796 his rank as 3rd Earl of Bute was advanced to 1st Marquess of Bute in the Peerage of Great Britain. [2]
John Crichton-Stuart, 2nd Marquess of Bute, was a noted Member of Parliament in the House of Commons and industrialist who is largely responsible for developing the docks in Cardiff to rival those in Liverpool. [2] By the time of his successor's death in 1900, Cardiff had become the greatest coal port in the World. [2] John Patrick Crichton-Stuart, 3rd Marquess of Bute, industrial magnate, antiquarian, scholar, philanthropist, and architectural patron, rebuilt Castell Coch and Cardiff Castle as tributes to the high art of the Middle Ages [2] and was created a Knight-Companion of the Most Ancient and Most Noble Order of the Thistle.
John Crichton-Stuart, 4th Marquess of Bute, was a passionate in Architecture who was also created a Knight-Companion of the Most Ancient and Most Noble Order of the Thistle, while his son John Crichton-Stuart, 5th Marquess of Bute, a maternal descendant of William IV of the United Kingdom by Dorothea Bland, was an expert in Ornithology. He was succeeded by his son, John Crichton-Stuart, 6th Marquess of Bute, who had a passion for Scottish heritage and received a Knight-Commander degree of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire for his efforts before he died in 1993. [2]
The present Chief of Clan Stuart of Bute is John Bryson Crichton-Stuart, 8th Marquess of Bute.
The House of Stuart, originally Stewart, was a royal house of Scotland, England, Ireland and later Great Britain. The family name comes from the office of High Steward of Scotland, which had been held by the family progenitor Walter fitz Alan. The name Stewart and variations had become established as a family name by the time of his grandson Walter Stewart. The first monarch of the Stewart line was Robert II, whose male-line descendants were kings and queens in Scotland from 1371, and of England and Great Britain from 1603, until 1714. Mary, Queen of Scots, was brought up in France where she adopted the French spelling of the name Stuart.
Duke of Argyll is a title, created in the Peerage of Scotland in 1701 and in the Peerage of the United Kingdom in 1892. The Earls, Marquesses, and Dukes of Argyll were for several centuries among the most powerful noble families in Scotland. As such, they played a major role in Scottish history throughout the 16th, 17th, and 18th centuries. The Duke of Argyll also holds the hereditary titles of chief of Clan Campbell and Master of the Household of Scotland.
Marquess of the County of Bute, shortened in general usage to Marquess of Bute, is a title in the Peerage of Great Britain. It was created in 1796 for John Stuart, 4th Earl of Bute.
Earl of Dumfries is a title in the Peerage of Scotland. It was originally created for William Crichton, 9th Lord Crichton of Sanquhar, in 1633, and stayed in the Crichton family until the death of the fourth countess in 1742, at which point the title passed to first the Dalrymple and then the McDouall families before finally being inherited by the Marquesses of Bute, where it remains today.
The title Earl of Moray, Mormaer of Moray or King of Moray was originally held by the rulers of the Province of Moray, which existed from the 10th century with varying degrees of independence from the Kingdom of Alba to the south. Until 1130 the status of Moray's rulers was ambiguous and they were described in some sources as "mormaers", in others as "Kings of Moray", and in others as "Kings of Alba". The position was suppressed by David I of Scotland some time after his defeat of Óengus of Moray at the Battle of Stracathro in 1130, but was recreated as a feudal earldom by Robert the Bruce and granted to Thomas Randolph, 1st Earl of Moray in 1312.
John Patrick Crichton-Stuart, 3rd Marquess of Bute, was a landed aristocrat, industrial magnate, antiquarian, scholar, philanthropist, and architectural patron.
The name Crichton originates as the name of
John Crichton-Stuart, 4th Marquess of Bute, KT, was a Scottish peer.
Sir James Stuart, 3rd Baronet, of Bute, created 1st Earl of Bute, MP, PC, was a Scottish soldier, advocate, judge and politician. He was the son of Sir Dugald Stuart, 2nd Baronet, and his wife Elizabeth Ruthven, daughter of Sir John Ruthven.
Clan Murray is a Highland Scottish clan. The chief of the Clan Murray holds the title of Duke of Atholl. Their ancestors who established the family in Scotland in the 12th century were the Morays of Bothwell. In the 16th century descendants of the Morays of Bothwell, the Murrays of Tullibardine, secured the chiefship of the clan and were created Earls of Tullibardine in 1606. The first Earl of Tullibardine married the heiress to the Stewart earldom of Atholl and Atholl therefore became a Murray earldom in 1626. The Murray Earl of Atholl was created Marquess of Atholl in 1676 and in 1703 it became a dukedom. The marquess of Tullibardine title has continued as a subsidiary title, being bestowed on elder sons of the chief until they succeed him as Duke of Atholl.
Crichton Castle is a ruined castle near the village of Crichton in Midlothian, Scotland. It is situated at the head of the River Tyne, 2 miles (3.2 km) south of the village of Pathhead, and the same distance east of Gorebridge.
Clan Crichton is a Lowland Scottish clan.
Lieutenant-Colonel Lord Ninian Edward Crichton-Stuart was a Scottish senior officer in the British Army and Member of Parliament. He was killed in action in the First World War. The second son of the Honourable Gwendolen Mary Anne Fitzalan-Howard and John Crichton-Stuart, 3rd Marquess of Bute, he entered the army in 1903 and served in the Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders and the Scots Guards as a lieutenant. After marrying he began a career in politics, serving first as a councillor on Fife County Council, Scotland. His family having close connections to the city of Cardiff in Wales, he fought and lost the January 1910 election there as a Liberal Unionist candidate. The resulting hung parliament led to a second election in December 1910, in which Crichton-Stuart won the seat.
Lord Colum Edmund Crichton-Stuart was born on 3 April 1886 and died 18 August 1957, aged 71. Lord Colum Edmund Crichton-Stuart was the fourth child of John Patrick Crichton-Stuart, 3rd Marquess of the County of Bute and the Hon. Gwendolen Mary Anne Fitzalan-Howard. He married Elizabeth Caroline Petty-Fitzmaurice, Marchioness of Lansdowne and the only daughter of Sir Edward Stanley Hope KCB and Constance C. Leslie. Lord Colum was educated at Harrow and Christ Church, Oxford University, England.
Clan Stewart is a Scottish Highland and Lowland clan. The clan is recognised by Court of the Lord Lyon; however, it does not have a Clan Chief recognised by the Lord Lyon King of Arms. Because the clan has no chief it can be considered an armigerous clan; however, the Earls of Galloway are now considered to be the principal branch of this clan, and the crest and motto of The Earls of Galloway's arms are used in the Clan Stewart crest badge. The Court of the Lord Lyon recognises two other Stewart/Stuart clans, Clan Stuart of Bute and Clan Stewart of Appin. Clan Stuart of Bute is the only one of the three clans at present which has a recognised chief.
James Stuart, 3rd Earl of Moray was the son of James Stewart, 2nd Earl of Moray and Elizabeth Stuart, 2nd Countess of Moray.
Augusta Mary Monica Crichton-Stuart, Marchioness of Bute,, was an Anglo-Irish aristocrat who was a daughter of Sir Henry Bellingham, 4th Baronet, and Lady Constance Julia Eleanor Georgiana Noel, daughter of Charles Noel, 2nd Earl of Gainsborough.
Lord Patrick James Herbert Crichton-Stuart, known as the Hon. Patrick Stuart until 1817, was a British politician.
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William Ruthven, 1st Lord Ruthven was a Scottish nobleman and founder of the noble lines of the Ruthven family.