Climate of Paraguay

Last updated
Paraguay map of Koppen climate classification. Koppen-Geiger Map PRY present.svg
Paraguay map of Köppen climate classification.

The climate of Paraguay consists of a subtropical climate in the Paranaense region and a tropical climate in the Chaco. The Paranaense region has a humid climate, with abundant rainfall throughout the year and only moderate seasonal changes in temperature.

Contents

The seasons in Paraguay are opposite to those in the northern hemisphere, meaning northern summer is Paraguayan winter, and vice versa.

During summer, the dominant influence on the climate is the warm sirocco winds blowing out of the northeast.

During the winter, the dominant wind is the cold pampero from the South Atlantic, which blows across Argentina and is deflected northeastward by the Andes in the southern part of that country. Because of the lack of topographic barriers within Paraguay, these opposite prevailing winds bring about abrupt and irregular changes in the usually moderate weather. Winds are generally brisk. Velocities of 160 kilometres per hour (99 mph) have been reported in southern locations, and the town of Encarnación was once leveled by a tornado.

Paranaense region

The Paranaense region has only two distinct seasons: summer from October to March and winter from May to August. In transitional months of April and September, temperatures below the midsummer averages include nocturnal minima that may dip below freezing.

Winter

During July, the coldest month of the subtropical winter in the Southern Hemisphere, temperature averages about 17.87 °C (64.17 °F) in Asunción and slightly cooler on the Paraná Plateau. Temperature varies only insignificantly with latitude. The number of days with temperatures falling below freezing ranges from as few as 3 to as many as 16 yearly, and with even wider variations deep in the interior. Some very mild winters with winds blowing constantly from the north feature little frost.

During a cold winter, however, tongues of Antarctic air bring subfreezing temperatures to all areas. No part of the Paranaense region is entirely free from risk of frost and consequent damage to crops, and various locations report snow flurries occasionally.

Summer

Moist tropical air keeps the weather warm in the Paranaense region from October through March. In Asunción the temperature averages about 27.96 °C (82.33 °F) during January, the warmest month.

During the summer, daytime temperatures fairly commonly reach 38 °C (100 °F). Frequent waves of cool air from the south, however, cause weather that alternates between clear, humid conditions and storms.

Precipitation

Fairly evenly distributed rain falls in the Paranaense region. Although local meteorological conditions play a contributing role, rain usually falls in dominant tropical air masses. The least rain falls in August, when averages in various parts of the region range from 100 millimetres (3.9 in) to 200 millimetres (7.9 in). The two periods of maximum precipitation are March through May and October to November.

For the region as a whole, the difference between the driest and the wettest months ranges from 100 millimetres (3.9 in) to 180 millimetres (7.1 in). The annual average rainfall is 1,270 millimetres (50 in), although the average on the Paraná Plateau is 250 millimetres (9.8 in) to 380 millimetres (15 in) greater. All subregions may experience considerable variations from year to year. Asunción has recorded as much as 208 millimetres (8.2 in) and as little as 560 millimetres (22 in) of annual rainfall; Puerto Bertoni on the Paraná Plateau has recorded as much as 3,300 millimetres (130 in) and as little as 790 millimetres (31 in).

Chaco

Temperature change in Paraguay since 1901 in the context of global warming. Temperature Bar Chart South America-Paraguay--1901-2020--2021-07-13.png
Temperature change in Paraguay since 1901 in the context of global warming.

In contrast to the Paranaense region, the Chaco has a tropical wet-and-dry climate bordering on semi-arid. The Chaco experiences seasons that alternately flood and parch the land, yet seasonal variations in temperature are modest. Chaco temperatures are usually high, the temperature drops only slightly in winter. Even at night the air is stifling despite the usually present breezes. Rainfall is light, varying from 500 to 1,000 millimeters (19.7 to 39.4 in) per year, except in the higher land to the northwest where it is somewhat greater. Rainfall is concentrated in the summer months, and extensive areas that are deserts in winter become summer swamps.

Examples

Climate data for Asunción (1971–2000)
MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecYear
Record high °C (°F)42.0
(107.6)
39.6
(103.3)
40.0
(104.0)
37
(99)
35
(95)
33.0
(91.4)
33.4
(92.1)
39.2
(102.6)
42.2
(108.0)
42.8
(109.0)
40.2
(104.4)
41.7
(107.1)
42.8
(109.0)
Average high °C (°F)33.5
(92.3)
32.6
(90.7)
31.6
(88.9)
28.4
(83.1)
25.0
(77.0)
23.1
(73.6)
23.2
(73.8)
24.8
(76.6)
26.4
(79.5)
29.2
(84.6)
30.7
(87.3)
32.3
(90.1)
28.3
(82.9)
Daily mean °C (°F)27.5
(81.5)
26.9
(80.4)
25.9
(78.6)
22.8
(73.0)
19.8
(67.6)
17.9
(64.2)
17.6
(63.7)
18.6
(65.5)
20.5
(68.9)
23.2
(73.8)
24.8
(76.6)
26.5
(79.7)
22.7
(72.9)
Average low °C (°F)22.8
(73.0)
22.3
(72.1)
21.3
(70.3)
18.6
(65.5)
15.7
(60.3)
13.8
(56.8)
13.1
(55.6)
14.3
(57.7)
15.9
(60.6)
18.6
(65.5)
20.1
(68.2)
21.8
(71.2)
17.9
(64.2)
Record low °C (°F)12.5
(54.5)
12.5
(54.5)
9.4
(48.9)
6.8
(44.2)
2.6
(36.7)
−1.2
(29.8)
−0.6
(30.9)
0.0
(32.0)
3.6
(38.5)
7.0
(44.6)
8.8
(47.8)
10.0
(50.0)
−1.2
(29.8)
Average rainfall mm (inches)147.2
(5.80)
129.2
(5.09)
117.9
(4.64)
166.0
(6.54)
113.3
(4.46)
82.4
(3.24)
39.4
(1.55)
72.6
(2.86)
87.7
(3.45)
130.8
(5.15)
164.4
(6.47)
150.3
(5.92)
1,401.2
(55.17)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm)87787745688883
Average relative humidity (%)68717275767670706667676870
Mean monthly sunshine hours 2762462542282051651952232042422702952,803
Source 1: World Meteorological Organization [1]
Source 2: NOAA updated to 9/2012., [2] Danish Meteorological Institute (sun only) [3]
Climate data for Ciudad del Este
MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecYear
Record high °C (°F)38.0
(100.4)
38.8
(101.8)
38.0
(100.4)
35.0
(95.0)
32.5
(90.5)
31.2
(88.2)
33.0
(91.4)
33.4
(92.1)
35.6
(96.1)
37.0
(98.6)
39.6
(103.3)
40.6
(105.1)
40.6
(105.1)
Average high °C (°F)31.7
(89.1)
31.6
(88.9)
30.8
(87.4)
27.5
(81.5)
24.6
(76.3)
22.2
(72.0)
23.0
(73.4)
24.2
(75.6)
25.8
(78.4)
28.4
(83.1)
30.1
(86.2)
31.2
(88.2)
27.6
(81.7)
Daily mean °C (°F)26.1
(79.0)
25.8
(78.4)
24.7
(76.5)
21.5
(70.7)
18.4
(65.1)
16.3
(61.3)
16.4
(61.5)
17.6
(63.7)
19.3
(66.7)
22.1
(71.8)
24.1
(75.4)
25.6
(78.1)
21.5
(70.7)
Average low °C (°F)21.1
(70.0)
21.3
(70.3)
20.1
(68.2)
17.2
(63.0)
13.6
(56.5)
11.4
(52.5)
11.3
(52.3)
12.3
(54.1)
13.8
(56.8)
16.6
(61.9)
18.3
(64.9)
20.1
(68.2)
16.4
(61.5)
Record low °C (°F)10.5
(50.9)
11.6
(52.9)
7.5
(45.5)
4.6
(40.3)
−0.2
(31.6)
0.0
(32.0)
−3.0
(26.6)
−1.0
(30.2)
0.8
(33.4)
4.0
(39.2)
6.4
(43.5)
8.2
(46.8)
−3.0
(26.6)
Average precipitation mm (inches)184.1
(7.25)
154.2
(6.07)
136.1
(5.36)
140.7
(5.54)
132.3
(5.21)
131.9
(5.19)
90.6
(3.57)
115.0
(4.53)
130.2
(5.13)
176.0
(6.93)
163.5
(6.44)
139.9
(5.51)
1,694.5
(66.71)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm)10987887891099101
Average relative humidity (%)75777780838479777574727277
Source: NOAA [4] [5]
Climate data for Encarnación (1961–1990)
MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecYear
Record high °C (°F)40.5
(104.9)
39.4
(102.9)
39.3
(102.7)
35.4
(95.7)
34.0
(93.2)
31.6
(88.9)
32.4
(90.3)
34.8
(94.6)
36.6
(97.9)
38.0
(100.4)
40.4
(104.7)
42.0
(107.6)
42.0
(107.6)
Average high °C (°F)31.2
(88.2)
30.6
(87.1)
29.2
(84.6)
25.9
(78.6)
23.2
(73.8)
20.9
(69.6)
21.4
(70.5)
22.5
(72.5)
23.9
(75.0)
26.5
(79.7)
28.4
(83.1)
30.5
(86.9)
26.2
(79.2)
Daily mean °C (°F)25.5
(77.9)
24.9
(76.8)
23.4
(74.1)
20.0
(68.0)
17.3
(63.1)
15.2
(59.4)
15.5
(59.9)
16.6
(61.9)
18.1
(64.6)
20.6
(69.1)
22.7
(72.9)
24.8
(76.6)
20.4
(68.7)
Average low °C (°F)19.4
(66.9)
19.5
(67.1)
17.9
(64.2)
14.3
(57.7)
11.7
(53.1)
9.9
(49.8)
10.2
(50.4)
10.8
(51.4)
12.3
(54.1)
14.3
(57.7)
16.3
(61.3)
18.3
(64.9)
14.6
(58.3)
Record low °C (°F)9.3
(48.7)
7.0
(44.6)
5.4
(41.7)
2.4
(36.3)
−1.7
(28.9)
−3.8
(25.2)
−3.8
(25.2)
−2.8
(27.0)
−0.6
(30.9)
1.6
(34.9)
4.8
(40.6)
7.0
(44.6)
−3.8
(25.2)
Average precipitation mm (inches)152.2
(5.99)
160.6
(6.32)
142.4
(5.61)
162.2
(6.39)
144.2
(5.68)
135.8
(5.35)
102.7
(4.04)
116.9
(4.60)
149.5
(5.89)
181.7
(7.15)
161.5
(6.36)
150.0
(5.91)
1,759.7
(69.28)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm)98787888999998
Average relative humidity (%)69747577797876747270696773
Mean monthly sunshine hours 254.2220.4220.1171.0179.8159.0189.1182.9153.0201.5252.0269.72,452.7
Mean daily sunshine hours 8.27.87.15.75.85.36.15.95.16.58.48.76.7
Source 1: NOAA [6]
Source 2: Deutscher Wetterdienst (sun, 1988–1996) [7]
Climate data for Concepción (1961–1990, extremes 1937–present)
MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecYear
Record high °C (°F)43.0
(109.4)
41.0
(105.8)
40.0
(104.0)
38.2
(100.8)
35.0
(95.0)
34.8
(94.6)
36.2
(97.2)
38.4
(101.1)
40.8
(105.4)
41.8
(107.2)
42.6
(108.7)
41.4
(106.5)
43.0
(109.4)
Average high °C (°F)33.4
(92.1)
33.2
(91.8)
32.2
(90.0)
29.3
(84.7)
26.6
(79.9)
24.3
(75.7)
25.1
(77.2)
26.5
(79.7)
27.8
(82.0)
30.7
(87.3)
32.0
(89.6)
32.6
(90.7)
29.5
(85.1)
Daily mean °C (°F)27.6
(81.7)
27.3
(81.1)
26.2
(79.2)
23.5
(74.3)
20.3
(68.5)
18.5
(65.3)
18.7
(65.7)
20.0
(68.0)
21.8
(71.2)
24.5
(76.1)
26.0
(78.8)
27.2
(81.0)
23.5
(74.3)
Average low °C (°F)22.7
(72.9)
22.5
(72.5)
21.3
(70.3)
18.5
(65.3)
15.9
(60.6)
13.8
(56.8)
13.3
(55.9)
14.3
(57.7)
16.1
(61.0)
18.6
(65.5)
20.2
(68.4)
21.7
(71.1)
18.2
(64.8)
Record low °C (°F)12.5
(54.5)
12.0
(53.6)
8.0
(46.4)
5.3
(41.5)
2.5
(36.5)
0.0
(32.0)
−1.5
(29.3)
−3.0
(26.6)
1.8
(35.2)
5.7
(42.3)
10.0
(50.0)
11.4
(52.5)
−3.0
(26.6)
Average precipitation mm (inches)152.8
(6.02)
122.8
(4.83)
140.1
(5.52)
122.9
(4.84)
124.8
(4.91)
62.3
(2.45)
42.6
(1.68)
55.8
(2.20)
67.7
(2.67)
124.7
(4.91)
161.8
(6.37)
163.5
(6.44)
1,341.8
(52.83)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm)1098777567881092
Average relative humidity (%)69737476777772706867677072
Mean monthly sunshine hours 2242132171841821521831561732082222222,336
Source 1: NOAA (July, November, and December record highs, and March, April, May, August, and October record lows), [8] Meteo Climat (record highs and lows) [9]
Source 2: Deutscher Wetterdienst (sun) [10] [11]
Climate data for Pilar
MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecYear
Record high °C (°F)42.4
(108.3)
40.5
(104.9)
39.6
(103.3)
36.5
(97.7)
33.7
(92.7)
31.8
(89.2)
33.2
(91.8)
34.9
(94.8)
38.0
(100.4)
39.6
(103.3)
40.4
(104.7)
41.6
(106.9)
42.4
(108.3)
Average high °C (°F)33.1
(91.6)
32.3
(90.1)
30.6
(87.1)
27.0
(80.6)
24.2
(75.6)
21.5
(70.7)
21.7
(71.1)
23.0
(73.4)
24.9
(76.8)
28.1
(82.6)
29.9
(85.8)
32.2
(90.0)
27.4
(81.3)
Daily mean °C (°F)27.6
(81.7)
26.9
(80.4)
25.3
(77.5)
22.0
(71.6)
19.2
(66.6)
16.4
(61.5)
16.5
(61.7)
17.5
(63.5)
19.4
(66.9)
22.5
(72.5)
24.7
(76.5)
26.8
(80.2)
22.1
(71.8)
Average low °C (°F)22.4
(72.3)
22.1
(71.8)
20.7
(69.3)
17.4
(63.3)
14.9
(58.8)
12.1
(53.8)
12.0
(53.6)
12.6
(54.7)
14.3
(57.7)
17.2
(63.0)
19.3
(66.7)
21.3
(70.3)
17.2
(63.0)
Record low °C (°F)14.5
(58.1)
12.1
(53.8)
8.5
(47.3)
7.7
(45.9)
4.0
(39.2)
1.0
(33.8)
0.7
(33.3)
1.0
(33.8)
3.6
(38.5)
7.4
(45.3)
9.8
(49.6)
9.8
(49.6)
0.7
(33.3)
Average precipitation mm (inches)168.9
(6.65)
141.5
(5.57)
161.0
(6.34)
178.5
(7.03)
95.3
(3.75)
61.8
(2.43)
57.9
(2.28)
47.1
(1.85)
82.9
(3.26)
135.2
(5.32)
157.2
(6.19)
125.7
(4.95)
1,413
(55.63)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm)98986656799890
Average relative humidity (%)69727578797976747169696773
Source: NOAA [12] [13]

See also

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Puerto Casado is one of the 4 districts in Alto Paraguay Department, Paraguay. It includes the town of La Victoria or Puerto La Victoria, which has a population of around 7,800.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Climate of California</span> Overview of the climate of the U.S. state of California

The climate of California varies widely from hot desert to alpine tundra, depending on latitude, elevation, and proximity to the Pacific Coast. California's coastal regions, the Sierra Nevada foothills, and much of the Central Valley have a Mediterranean climate, with warmer, drier weather in summer and cooler, wetter weather in winter. The influence of the ocean generally moderates temperature extremes, creating warmer winters and substantially cooler summers in coastal areas.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Climate of Romania</span>


The climate of Romania is temperate continental transitioning into an oceanic climate on the eastern coast, influenced by Scandinavian-Baltic weather, the Mediterranean and the Black Sea. Thus, in the south, there are some influences of a mediterranean climate, characterized by mild winters and stronger rainfalls in the cooler months. In the south-east, the Black Sea induces rare heavy strong rains. In eastern regions the continental character is less pronounced. In the north of the country, the effect of the Scandinavian-Baltic climate is felt, effecting a wetter and colder climate with cold winters. The west of the country has a more pronounced influence of low pressure systems generated over the Atlantic, causing moderate temperatures and stronger precipitation. Climate nuances are demonstrated on the steps of the altitude, the mountain ranges of the Carpathian arc have a cool mountain climate with high humidity throughout the year.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Climate of Pennsylvania</span> Overview of the climate of the U.S. state of Pennsylvania

The climate of Pennsylvania is diverse due to the multitude of geographic features found within the state. Straddling two major climate zones, the southeastern corner of Pennsylvania has the warmest climate. A portion of Greater Philadelphia lies at the southernmost tip of the humid continental climate zone, with the city proper being in the humid subtropical climate zone. Still, Philadelphia features colder, snowier winters than most locations with a humid subtropical climate. Moving west toward the mountainous interior of the state, the climate becomes markedly colder, the number of cloudy days increases, and winter snowfall amounts are greater.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Climate of South Carolina</span> Overview of the climate of the U.S. state of South Carolina

South Carolina has a humid subtropical climate, with hot summers throughout most of the State. But, an exception does occur in the Blue Ridge Mountains, as outlier pockets of an Oceanic Climate do exist. Mild winters predominate in the eastern and southern part of the state, but cool to occasionally cold winters are the standard in the northwestern area of the state, especially areas at or above 600 feet in elevation. On average, between 40 and 80 inches of precipitation falls annually across the state, potentially even in excess of 100 inches in portions of the Appalachian temperate rainforest. Tropical cyclones, and afternoon thunderstorms due to hot and humid conditions, contribute to precipitation during the summer and sometimes fall months, while extratropical cyclones contribute to precipitation during the fall, winter, and spring months. The coast experiences nearly all of their tropical weather impacts from storms coming directly from the Atlantic coast. The northwestern area of the state can receive impacts from both Atlantic basin storms moving westward from the coast and also occasionally very heavy rainfall and flooding from storms originating from the Gulf of Mexico that move inland towards the northeast after making landfall from the Florida Panhandle to Louisiana.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Climate of Argentina</span> Overview of the climate of Argentina

The climate of Argentina varies from region to region, as the vast size of the country and wide variation in altitude make for a wide range of climate types. Summers are the warmest and wettest season in most of Argentina except in most of Patagonia where it is the driest season. Warm in the north, cool in the center and cold in the southern parts experiencing frequent frost and snow. Because southern parts of the country are moderated by the surrounding oceans, the cold is less intense and prolonged than areas at similar latitudes in the northern hemisphere. Spring and autumn are transition seasons that generally feature mild weather.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Climate of Los Angeles</span> Overview of the climate of Los Angeles

The climate of Los Angeles is mild to hot year-round, and mostly dry. It is classified as a Mediterranean climate, which is a type of dry subtropical climate. It is characterized by seasonal changes in rainfall—with a dry summer and a winter rainy season. Under the modified Köppen climate classification, the coastal areas are classified as Csb, and the inland areas as Csa.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Climate of New England</span> Overview of the climate of New England

The climate of New England varies greatly across its 500-mile (800 km) span from northern Maine to southern Connecticut.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Climatic regions of Argentina</span> Overview of climatic regions of Argentina

Due to its vast size and range of altitudes, Argentina possesses a wide variety of climatic regions, ranging from the hot subtropical region in the north to the cold subantarctic in the far south. Lying between those is the Pampas region, featuring a mild and humid climate. Many regions have different, often contrasting, microclimates. In general, Argentina has four main climate types: warm, moderate, arid, and cold in which the relief features, and the latitudinal extent of the country, determine the different varieties within the main climate types.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Climate of Buenos Aires</span>

Buenos Aires, the capital of Argentina, has a temperate climate, which is classified as a humid subtropical climate (Cfa) under the Köppen climate classification with four distinct seasons. Summers are hot and humid with frequent thunderstorms while winters are cool and drier with frosts that occurs on average twice per year. Spring and fall are transition seasons characterized by changeable weather. At the central observatory, the highest temperature recorded is 43.3 °C (109.9 °F), and the lowest temperature recorded is −5.4 °C (22.3 °F).

References

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