Larches are deciduous conifers in the genus Larix, of the family Pinaceae. Growing from 20 to 45 metres tall, they are native to the cooler regions of the northern hemisphere, where they are found in lowland forests in the high latitudes, and high in mountains further south. Larches are among the dominant plants in the boreal forests of Siberia and Canada. Although they are conifers, larches are deciduous trees that lose their needles in the autumn.
Larix laricina, commonly known as the tamarack, hackmatack, eastern larch, black larch, red larch, or American larch, is a species of larch native to Canada, from eastern Yukon and Inuvik, Northwest Territories east to Newfoundland, and also south into the upper northeastern United States from Minnesota to Cranesville Swamp, West Virginia; there is also an isolated population in central Alaska.
Larix decidua, the European larch, is a species of larch native to the mountains of central Europe, in the Alps and Carpathian Mountains as well as the Pyrenees, with disjunct lowland populations in northern Poland and southern Lithuania. It is widely naturalized in Scandinavia. Its life span has been confirmed to be close to 1000 years but is more often around 200 years. It is claimed that one of the larches planted by the second Duke of Atholl at Dunkeld in 1738 is still standing.
The western larch is a species of larch native to the mountains of western North America ; in Canada in southeastern British Columbia and southwestern Alberta, and in the United States in eastern Washington, eastern Oregon, northern Idaho, and western Montana. It is the most productive of the three species of larch native to North America.
Scolytus is a genus of bark beetles. It includes several species notorious for destroying trees in the forests. The Dutch elm disease is spread in North America by two species : the native elm bark beetle, Hylurgopinus rufipes, and the European elm bark beetle, Scolytus multistriatus. In Europe, while the aforementioned Scolytus multistriatus again acts as vector for infection, it is much less effective than the large elm bark beetle Scolytus scolytus.
Coleotechnites gibsonella is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found in the north-eastern parts of the United States and Canada. The type specimen was found in Hull, Quebec in 1905 by Arthur Gibson.
The brown hemlock needleminer is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found in the north-eastern parts of the United States, as well as Canada.
Coleotechnites piceaella is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found in north-eastern United States and Canada. It is an introduced species in Europe and was first recorded from Great Britain in 1952, then Germany in 1963 and has expanded from there over all of central Europe, towards France, Italy and Hungary.
Coleotechnites albicostata, the white-edged coleotechnites moth, is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Alabama, Maryland, Mississippi, New Jersey, North Carolina, Ontario and Tennessee.
Coleotechnites martini is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Ontario and Maine.
Coleotechnites granti is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from British Columbia.
Coleotechnites carbonaria is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Ontario and Tennessee.
Coleotechnites occidentis is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from British Columbia.
Coleotechnites bacchariella, the coyote brush twig borer moth, is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found in the United States, where it has been recorded from California.
Coleotechnites canusella, the banded jack-pine needleminer moth, is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from British Columbia, Washington, Alabama, Arizona, Louisiana, New Mexico and South Carolina.
Coleotechnites quercivorella is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Alabama, Alberta, British Columbia, California, Illinois, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Brunswick, New Hampshire, New Jersey, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Ontario, Pennsylvania, Quebec, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas and West Virginia.
Coleotechnites mackiei is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from California.
Orthotomicus laricis, commonly known as the lesser larch bark beetle, is a species of weevil native to Europe.
Tolype laricis, known generally as the larch tolype or larch lappet moth, is a species in the moth family Lasiocampidae found in eastern North America.
Rhabdocline laricis, also known as Meria laricis, is a hyphomycete fungus in the family Cenangiaceae. In larch conifer trees (Larix), it causes the plant disease larch needle cast, also known as meria needle blight. It is generally harmless in older trees. However, it causes browning of needles, which can slow growth, weaken overall resistance to opportunistic pathogens, and can sometimes outright kill seedlings, making Rhabdocline laricis a threat in tree nurseries.
