Jumping spiders are a group of spiders that constitute the family Salticidae. As of 2019, this family contained over 600 described genera and over 6,000 described species, making it the largest family of spiders at 13% of all species. Jumping spiders have some of the best vision among arthropods and use it in courtship, hunting, and navigation. Although they normally move unobtrusively and fairly slowly, most species are capable of very agile jumps, notably when hunting, but sometimes in response to sudden threats or crossing long gaps. Both their book lungs and tracheal system are well-developed, and they use both systems. Jumping spiders are generally recognized by their eye pattern. All jumping spiders have four pairs of eyes, with the anterior median pair being particularly large.
Abracadabrella is a genus of spiders in the family Salticidae whose species appear to mimic flies.
Afraflacilla is a genus of the spider family Salticidae. Most species are distributed in Eastern to Northern Africa and Australia, with two species found in Europe. This genus was for a time included in the genus Pseudicius, and the boundaries between both genera are disputed. In 2016 Jerzy Prószyński erected the genus Psenuc for some borderline species. The name Afraflacilla is combined from Africa, where most earlier described species were found, and FlacillaSimon, 1901, an obsolete salticid genus now called FlacillulaStrand, 1932. This genus name is in turn derived from Aelia Flaccilla, wife of Roman Emperor Theodosius I. Afraflacilla, Pseudicius, Festucula and Marchena are close relatives and form a monophyletic group.
Cheliceroides longipalpis is a species of spider in the family Salticidae, found in China and Vietnam.
Cosmophasis is a genus of spiders in the family Salticidae. They are predominantly Southeast Asian, while some species occur in Africa and Australia. Although most species more or less mimic ants, there are also colorful species that follow a different strategy.
Huntiglennia is a genus of jumping spiders found in New South Wales, in the brigalow belt. Its single described species is Huntiglennia williamsi.
Maratus is a spider genus of the family Salticidae. These spiders are commonly referred to as peacock spiders due to the males' colorful and usually iridescent patterns on the upper surface of the abdomen often enhanced with lateral flaps or bristles, which they display during courtship. Females lack these bright colors, being cryptic in appearance. In at least one species, Maratus vespertilio, the expansion of the flaps also occurs during ritualised contests between males. The male display and courtship dance are complex, involving visual and vibratory signals.
Marchena is a genus of jumping spiders only found in the United States. Its only described species, M. minuta, dwells on the barks of conifers along the west coast, especially California, Washington and Nevada.
Paraphilaeus is a genus of the jumping spiders found in Queensland and New South Wales. It contains only one species, Paraphilaeus daemeli. Though it has been known for a long time, in 2003, closer investigation showed that it represents a new genus and is neither related to Plexippus nor Trite. The genus name is derived from Ancient Greek para "alongside" and the salticid genus Philaeus.
Paraplatoides is a genus of South Pacific jumping spiders that was first described by Marek Michał Żabka in 1992.
Maratus volans is a species in the jumping spider family (Salticidae), belonging to the genus Maratus. These spiders are native to certain areas in Australia and occupy a wide distribution of habitats. They have a specialized visual system that allows them to see the full visible spectrum as well as in the ultraviolet-range; this helps them detect and pursue prey. Males of this species are characterized by their colourful abdomen flaps that are used to attract females during courtship.
Hasarius adansoni, known commonly as Adanson's house jumper, is a species of jumping spider that is common in warm regions around the world, often associated with people.
Cosmophasis umbratica is a species of jumping spider found in South and Southeast Asia. They are members of the family Salticidae and the genus Cosmophasis. They are commonly spotted on green vegetation. C. umbratica shows extreme dimorphism when viewed under UV light: males reflect UV on all body parts that are displayed during intraspecific interaction, while females and juveniles do not reflect UV at all. It seems that C. umbratica uses this in sexual signaling. A similar phenomenon is found in some butterflies. For example, several species of Colias and Gonepteryx, both of the family Pieridae, also display sexual signaling.
Cosmophasis thalassina is a species of jumping spider found from Malaysia to Australia. It was probably dispersed to the gardens and the parks of Queensland by man.
Urogelides is a genus of jumping spiders containing one described species, Urogelides daviesae, and other undescribed species. It was first described by Marek Michał Żabka in 2009, and is found in Queensland, Australia.
Neaetha irreperta is a species of jumping spider in the genus Neaetha that lives in South Africa and Tanzania. First described in 2000 by Wanda Wesołowska & Anthony Russell-Smith, the spider is small, with a dark brown carapace that is between 1.2 and 1.4 mm long and a deep red-brown abdomen between 1.1 and 1.5 mm long. The abdomen has a pattern that is indistinct on the male, but a clearer set of grey lines and marks on the female, and this, along with the width of the abdomen, distinguishes the species from other in the genus. The male has a long embolus and the female's sclerotized epigyne has a central pocket and wide copulatory openings.
Neaetha maxima is a species of jumping spider in the genus Neaetha that lives in Ivory Coast and Nigeria. It was first described in 2011 by Wanda Wesołowska & Anthony Russell-Smith based on a holotype found near Ibadan. Only the female has been described. The spider is atypically large, over 10 mm (0.39 in) long, which is reflected in the species name. The genus name can be translated new aspect. It has a light brown carapace and yellow-white abdomen, with orange-brown legs. The epigyne has a distinctive central pocket and wide copulatory ducts.
Cosmophasis lami, also known as the Lami Beach northern jumping spider or tangerine garden jumper, is a species of jumping spider in the genus Cosmophasis, probably native to South East Asia and some pacific islands, and possibly introduced to Japan and Okinawa Islands by humans. It was first described by Berry, Beatty & Prószynski in 1997 and has one synonym, Cosmophasis squamata (Saaristo,2002) Both the female and the male have been described.
Neaetha wesolowskae is a species of jumping spider in the genus Neaetha that is endemic to Thailand. First described in 2020 by Barbara Patoleta & Marek Żabka, the spider is small with a brown carapace between 0.86 and 1.49 mm in length and an abdomen that is between 0.97 and 1.2 mm long. The female is smaller than the male and has a pattern of spots rather than lines on the abdomen. The male has a crescent-shaped embolus, which separates it from other species like Neaetha absheronica, Neaetha membrosa, and Neaetha tomkovichi. The female is hard to tell from other members of the genus, but the epigyne has distinguishing ovoid, rather than crescent-shaped copulatory openings and spermathecae that are separated rather than lying together.
Parahelpis wandae is a species of jumping spider in the genus Parahelpis that lives in Australia. The spider was first described in 2020 by Barbara Patoleta and Marek Żabka, although only the male has been identified. It is a small spider with a brown carapace 2.3 mm (0.091 in) iong and a grey-brown abdomen 2.45 mm (0.096 in) long. The abdomen has a pattern of chevrons. The remainder of the spider is brown or grey-brown. It is similar to the related Parahelpis abnormis, even to the design of its copulatory organs. It differs in that, although it is similarly hooked, the retrolateral tibial apophysis is not forked.
