Cratoxylum sumatranum | |
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Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Clade: | Rosids |
Order: | Malpighiales |
Family: | Hypericaceae |
Genus: | Cratoxylum |
Species: | C. sumatranum |
Binomial name | |
Cratoxylum sumatranum (Jack) Bl. [2] | |
Synonyms | |
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Cratoxylum sumatranum is a species of flowering plant in the Hypericaceae family. It is indigenous to Southeast Asia, including Burma, Indochina, Thailand, Malaysia, Sumatra, Java, Lesser Sunda Islands, Borneo, Philippines and Sulawesi.
The tree may grow up to 51 meters tall and 80 centimeters diameter at breast height, with cracked and fissured bark. The stems produce whitish-yellowish latex. The leaves have an opposite arrangement, are simple, elliptic and a glossy rich green. Its flowers are 5-parted and clustered on terminal panicles. They are small (approximately 8mm in diameter), reddish with white linings around the petals. The fruits, which appear in July, are approximately 8mm long, yellow-brown-black capsules, filled with many small winged seeds. [3]
The plant's leaves and bark have medicinal uses. Its timber is suitable for light construction, furniture, carving, firewood and charcoal production.
Local names include Kansilay, Lakansilay and Guyong-guyong in the Philippines, and Irat, Geronggang, Manding, Mentialing, Serungan and Serungan mampat in Borneo.
Three subspecies are recorded: [4]
Magnolia is a large genus of about 210 to 340 flowering plant species in the subfamily Magnolioideae of the family Magnoliaceae. The natural range of Magnolia species is disjunct, with a main center in east and southeast Asia and a secondary center in eastern North America, Central America, the West Indies, and some species in South America.
Agrostophyllum is a genus with about ninety species from the orchid family (Orchidaceae). The genus name is derived from the Greek words agrostis ("grass") and phyllos ("leaf"), referring to the grass-like appearance of the leaves of some species.
Canarium is a genus of about 100 species of tropical and subtropical trees, in the family Burseraceae. They grow naturally across tropical Africa, south and southeast Asia, Indochina, Malesia, Australia and western Pacific Islands; including from southern Nigeria east to Madagascar, Mauritius, Sri Lanka and India; from Burma, Malaysia and Thailand through the Malay Peninsula and Vietnam to south China, Taiwan and the Philippines; through Borneo, Indonesia, Timor and New Guinea, through to the Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Fiji, Samoa, Tonga and Palau.
Cratoxylum is a genus of flowering plants in the family Hypericaceae, native to tropical Asia. The generic name means "strong wood", referring to the timber.
Cinnamomum burmanni, also known as Indonesian cinnamon, Padang cassia, Batavia cassia, or korintje, is one of several plants in the genus Cinnamomum whose bark is sold as the spice cinnamon. It is an evergreen tree native to southeast Asia.
Eucalyptus deglupta is a species of tall tree, commonly known as the rainbow eucalyptus, Mindanao gum, or rainbow gum that is native to the Philippines, Indonesia, and Papua New Guinea. It is the only Eucalyptus species that usually lives in rainforest, with a natural range that extends into the Northern Hemisphere. It is characterized by multi-colored bark.
Cratoxylum arborescens is a plant in the family Hypericaceae. The specific epithet arborescens is from the Latin meaning "tree-like".
Cratoxylum cochinchinense is a plant now placed in the family Hypericaceae. The specific epithet cochinchinense is from the Latin meaning "of Cochinchina". In Vietnamese C. cochinchinense is usually called thành ngạch nam or lành ngạnh nam, other names include: hoàng ngưu mộc, hoàng ngưu trà and đỏ ngọn.
Cratoxylum formosum is a species of flowering plant in the Hypericaceae family. Its commercial name in timber production is "mampat".
Cratoxylum maingayi is a plant in the family Hypericaceae. It is named for the botanist Alexander Carroll Maingay.
Aglaia argentea is a species of plant in the family Meliaceae. It is a tree found in Australia, Brunei, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, the Solomon Islands, and Thailand.
Aglaia lawii is a species of tree in the family Meliaceae. As well as the autonym species, there are two subspecies accepted.
Kibara coriacea is a plant in the family Monimiaceae. The specific epithet coriacea is from the Latin meaning "leathery", referring to the leaves.
Cryptocarya laevigata, known as the glossy laurel or red-fruited laurel, is a rainforest plant, which ranges from Malesia and New Guinea to eastern Australia. In Australia it grows in the rainforest understorey on fertile soils, from the Richmond River, New South Wales to Cairns in tropical Queensland, where it is often seen in association with the White Booyong.
Ochrosia glomerata is a species of tree in the family Apocynaceae.
Barringtonia reticulata is a plant in the family Lecythidaceae. The specific epithet reticulata means "like a network", referring to the leaf veins.
Donella lanceolata is a plant species in the family Sapotaceae. It is a tree growing up to 30 metres (100 ft) tall, with a trunk diameter of up to 40 cm (16 in). The bark is grey to dark brown. Inflorescences bear up to 45 flowers. The fruit are brownish to purplish black, ripening yellow, round, up to 4 cm (2 in) in diameter. Its habitat is lowland forests from sea level to 700 metres (2,300 ft) altitude. Its natural range is Madagascar, India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, Malaysia, Brunei, Indonesia, the Philippines, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands and Queensland.
Canarium denticulatum is a tree in the family Burseraceae. The specific epithet denticulatum is from the Latin meaning "small teeth", referring to the leaf margin.
Litsea garciae, also known as engkala, engkalak, kangkala, pangalaban, and Borneo avocado, is a flowering tree in the family Lauraceae. It is native to Taiwan, the Philippines, Borneo, the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Java, and Sulawesi.
Symplocos ophirensis is a tree in the family Symplocaceae, native to tropical Asia. It is named for Mount Ophir in Peninsular Malaysia.