| Cryptothecia albomaculatella | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Arthoniomycetes |
| Order: | Arthoniales |
| Family: | Arthoniaceae |
| Genus: | Cryptothecia |
| Species: | C. albomaculatella |
| Binomial name | |
| Cryptothecia albomaculatella | |
Cryptothecia albomaculatella is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Arthoniaceae. [1] It is a common lichen species in Thailand, and has also been recorded from Assam, India.
It was formally described in 2009 by the lichenologist André Aptroot and the botanist Pat Wolseley. The type specimen was collected from Khlong Plou, Kapou Kapiang station (Uthai Thani province). [2]
Its thallus is up to 10 cm (4 in) in diameter and 0.1–0.2 mm thick, and is areolate and pale yellowish in colour. Instead of making discrete sexual reproductive structures like apothecia, this lichen instead has an "ascigerous zone", a region on the thallus where asci (spore-bearing cells) are located. This zone, slightly elevated in comparison to the rest of the thallus, has a roughly circular to irregular outline, and is covered with white pruina . When the ascigerous zone is abraded, conspicuous black spots are revealed–these are the asci, which are pyriform (shaped like an inverted pear). The ascospores , which number 6 to 8 per ascus, are muriform (divided into compartments or locules by intersecting longitudinal and transverse septa), and measure 50–65 by 22–29 μm. It contains the substances barbatic acid and obtusatic acid. [2]
Cryptothecia albomaculatella is somewhat similar in appearance to Cryptothecia albomaculans , found in the Andaman Islands, but this species has slightly smaller ascospores (47–57 by 24–30 µm) and different chemistry (containing 2'-O-methylperlatolic acid). [3]
In addition to the province of its type locality, Uthai Thani, Cryptothecia albomaculatella has also been documented from the Chiang Mai and Lampang provinces of Thailand, [2] and in 2019 was reported from the Dima Hasao district in Assam, India. [4] C. albomaculatella is one of 13 Cryptothecia species found in Thailand, and is one of the most common lichen species in Thailand. [2]
Cryptothecia is a genus of white to greenish crustose lichens that grow on bark, wood, or leaves, in tropical or subtropical areas worldwide. It has a conspicuous prothallus that develops around its periphery which can be bright red in some species, hence the common name wreath lichen. The main vegetative body (thallus) lacks a cortex (ecorticate and is often immersed in the substrate or byssoid. The medulla is white, well defined, and often peppered with calcium oxalate crystals. Ascomata are not well defined, being cushions of soft white mycelium immersed in the medullary tissue, hence the name from the Greek krypto = "to conceal" and theke = "a container or sheath". It contains Trentepohlia, a green alga, as its photobiont partner.
Aderkomyces thailandicus is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Gomphillaceae. Found in the lower montane rainforests of Thailand, it was described as new to science in 2011.
Badimia multiseptata is a species of lichen in the family Pilocarpaceae. Found exclusively in lowland rainforest environments of Thailand, it was described as new to science in 2011 by Khwanruan Papong and Robert Lücking. It is characterized by its vividly coloured apothecia and unique, campylidioid conidiomata.
Diorygma sticticum is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) script lichen in the family Graphidaceae. It was described as new to science in 2011. It is found in lowland rainforests in Thailand, and in southwestern India.
Placopsis imshaugii is a species of lichen in the family Trapeliaceae. Known from Chile, it was described as new to science in 2011. It is characterised by its distinctive rust-coloured thallus and unique morphology.
Phlyctis psoromica is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) crustose lichen in the family Phlyctidaceae. Native to New South Wales, Australia, it was described as new to science in 2011. This lichen is characterised by its whitish to pale blue-grey crustose thallus and distinctive secondary chemistry.
Malmidea is a genus of crustose lichens and the type genus of the family Malmideaceae. It was established in 2011 to contain a phylogenetically distinct group of species formerly placed in the genus Malcolmiella. The crust-like thallus of Malmidea lichens has a surface that varies from smooth to rough, featuring textures such as verrucose (wart-like), granulose (grainy), or pustulate (pimpled). These textures are often formed by goniocysts, which are spherical clusters of green algal cells from the family Chlorococcaceae, encased in fungal hyphae. Malmidea comprises nearly 70 mostly tropical species that grow on bark, although a few grow on leaves.
Herpothallon is a genus of crustose lichens in the family Arthoniaceae. It has about 50 species.
Cryptothecia lichexanthonica is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) lichen in the family Arthoniaceae. Found in Brazil, it was formally described as a new species in 2013 by Edvaneide Leandro de Lima, André Aptroot, and Marcela Eugenia da Silva Cáceres. The type specimen was collected by Lima from the Vale do Catimbau National Park, at an altitude of 885 m (2,904 ft); here it was found growing on smooth tree bark. The lichen has a smooth, pale greenish-grey spreading thallus up to 5 cm (2 in) in diameter. The thallus, which is 0.1–0.2 mm thick, is surrounded by a thin brown hypothallus. The ascospores are muriform, ellipsoid in shape, and measure 55–75 by 22–28 μm. The specific epithet lichexanthonica refers to lichexanthone, a secondary chemical that occurs in the thallus. This compound is rare in the genus Cryptothecia, as the only other congener in which it known is to occur is Cryptothecia assimilis.
Myriostigma is a genus of lichens in the family Arthoniaceae. The genus was circumscribed by German lichenologist August von Krempelhuber in 1874.
Lecania sessilisoraliata is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Ramalinaceae. It is found on rock outcrops in the mountainous Burdur region of Turkey.
Cruentotrema amazonum is a little-known species of script lichen in the family Graphidaceae. It is found in Brazil, Thailand, and Vietnam, where it grows in the understory of primary rainforests.
Phlyctis monosperma is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Phlyctidaceae. It is characterised by its greyish-white, loose, granular thallus, single-spored asci, and distinctive chemical substances. The lichen is found in the subtropical evergreen forests of the Eastern Himalayas and Western Ghats of India, where it grows on rough tree bark in close association with plant-dwelling bryophytes at elevations above 2,000 m (6,600 ft). It also occurs in Sri Lanka.
Lecanactis minutissima is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Roccellaceae. Found in Sri Lanka, the lichen is characterised by its pale ochraceous thallus and sessile apothecia with dark brown discs, covered with thick white granular pruina.
Coniocarpon is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Arthoniaceae. It has eight species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) lichens. This genus is distinct for its crystalline orange, red, and purple quinoid pigments in the ascomata that turn purple in potassium hydroxide solution, its colourless, transversely septate ascospores with large apical cells, and its rounded to lirellate ascomata.
Cryptothecia aleurinoides is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Arthoniaceae. Found in Thailand, it was formally described by lichenologists André Aptroot and Pat Wolseley. Its thallus is up to 5 cm (2 in) in diameter and less than 0.1 mm thick, and is white in colour. Its ascospores are ellipsoid in shape, muriform, and measure 40–45 by 22–259 μm. It contains the substance 5-O-methylmicrophyllinic acid, which, at the time of publication, was the first time this lichen product had been recorded from genus Cryptothecia.
Lecidea lygommella is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Lecideaceae. It spreads up to 7 cm wide with a thin thallus varying in colour from whitish and pale grey to rusty red-brown, featuring areolate surfaces with irregularly shaped areoles. Its fruiting bodies range from slightly embedded to sitting atop the thallus and black, flat to slightly convex apothecial discs. Unlike its lookalike Lecidea lygomma, L. lygommella does not produce any secondary chemicals. It is found in New South Wales and Victoria, Australia, where it grows on rocks in alpine areas.
Megalospora austropacifica is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Megalosporaceae. It is found on the islands of Taveuni and Viti Levu in Fiji. It has a yellowish grey to whitish grey, glossy thallus that is thick and may appear slightly wrinkled or smooth, often with irregular cracks and small papillae containing conidiomata, but lacking isidia and soredia. Its apothecia are circular, up to 4.5 mm in diameter, with the disc evolving from concave to slightly convex and coloured from orange-brown to red-brown, surrounded by a thick, prominent margin.
Schistophoron muriforme is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Graphidaceae, first described in 2016. Found in Sri Lanka, it is characterised by its pale yellowish-white thallus and muriformascospores.
Enterographa aldabrensis is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Roccellaceae. It is only known to occur in Aldabra in the Seychelles.