Cyclone Amos

Last updated

Map key
Saffir–Simpson scale
  Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
  Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
  Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
  Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
  Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
  Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
  Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
  Unknown
Storm type
Disc Plain black.svg Tropical cyclone
Solid black.svg Subtropical cyclone
ArrowUp.svg Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression

Tropical Disturbance 17F was first noted by the Fiji Meteorological Service on April 13, while it was located about 130 km (80 mi) to the northwest of the Fijian dependency of Rotuma. [1] The system was located underneath an upper level anticyclonic circulation and within an area of low vertical wind shear. [1] Over the next couple of days the system moved westwards, before it started moving south-eastwards towards Fiji during April 15. [2] [3] The system was subsequently classified as a tropical depression on April 16, as passed near or over several islands in Fiji's Northern Division including Vanua Levu. [4] [5] Over the next couple of days 17F moved north-eastwards towards the Samoan Islands and passed about 50 km (30 mi) to the west of Tonga's Niuas island group during April 18. [3] [6] A tropical cyclone formation alert on the system was issued by the United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center during that day, as the well defined low level circulation centre consolidated. [7] The depression subsequently started to move north-westwards towards the island nation of Tuvalu, under the influence of a subtropical ridge of high pressure. [3] [8] The system subsequently passed in between the islands of Wallis and Futuna, as a tropical depression during April 19. [3]

Early on April 20, the JTWC initiated advisories on the system and designated it as Tropical Cyclone 20P, while the system was located about 585 km (365 mi) to the west of Avata, Samoa. [9] Later that day, the FMS named the depression Amos, after the system had developed into a Category 1 tropical cyclone on the Australian tropical cyclone intensity scale. [10] However, further development of the system at this time was restricted by a trough of low pressure to the northeast of the system, which was causing subsidence over the systems north-eastern quadrant. [11] Amos subsequently slowed down later that day and became nearly stationary, as a near-equatorial ridge of high pressure became the primary steering mechanism. [11] As a result of this new primary steering mechanism, the system turned eastwards and moved towards the Samoan Islands. [11] [12] As the system moved eastwards it started to rapidly intensify further, with an eye feature developing on microwave imagery. [13] [14] Amos subsequently peaked as a Category 3 Severe Tropical Cyclone, with ten-minute sustained wind speeds of 150 km/h (93 mph) during April 22. [15] During that day as the cyclone passed within 120 km (75 mi) of Wallis Island, the JTWC estimated that Amos had peaked with 1-minute sustained winds of 165 km/h (103 mph). [16] [17] Over the next day, the system remained at its peak intensity as it accelerated south-eastwards towards the Samoan Islands, where it was expected to pass over either Upolu or Tutuila. [14] [17] Amos subsequently continued its south-eastwards movement and was thought to have passed very close to or over the Samoan Islands during April 23. [17] [18] [19] The system subsequently significantly weakened over the next day, as the circulation broke down and became sheared. [20] The system subsequently degenerated into a tropical disturbance during April 25, before it was last noted near American Samoa's Manuʻa Islands. [21]

Preparations and impact

Severe Tropical Cyclone Amos
Amos 2016-04-22 0145Z.jpg
Cyclone Amos intensifying near Wallis and Futuna on April 22
Wettest tropical cyclones and their remnants in Wallis and Futuna
Highest-known totals
PrecipitationStormLocationRef.
Rankmmin
1674.926.57 Raja 1986 Maopoopo, Futuna Island [22]
2556.721.92 Fran 1992 Hihifo, Wallis Island [22]
3291.211.46 Val 1975 Hihifo, Wallis Island [22]
4220.68.69 Hina 1997 Maopoopo, Futuna Island [22]
5186.07.32 Evan 2012 Futuna Island [22]
6180.07.09 Val 1980 Maopoopo, Futuna Island [22]
7171.66.76 Keli 1997 Hihifo, Wallis Island [22]
8160.86.33 Unnamed 1966 Malaetoli, Wallis Island [22]
9160.06.30 Amos 2016 Hihifo, Wallis Island [23]
10119.04.69 Waka 2001 Hihifo, Wallis Island [22]

Severe Tropical Cyclone Amos affected the island nations of Fiji, Samoa and American Samoa, while the French Territory of Wallis and Futuna was also impacted.

Fiji

The precursor tropical disturbance to Cyclone Amos impacted Fiji between April 15–19, while the island nation was still recovering from the effects of Severe Tropical Cyclones Winston, Zena and Tropical Depressions 14F/15F. [4] [24] As the system impacting the island nation, the Fiji Meteorological Service issued strong wind and heavy rain warnings, for the whole of the archipelago including Rotuma. [25] [26] Flood warnings were also issued for parts of Vanua Levu including the Labasa, Qawa and Rakiraki Rivers and Labasa. [25] [26] The disturbance subsequently passed near or over several islands, in Fiji's Northern Division including Vanua Levu during April 16. [4] The system brought several periods of heavy rain and strong winds to most of the Fijian Islands, with severe flooding reported on Vanua Levu during April 17. [4]

Wallis and Futuna

As Amos approached Wallis and Futuna, the Meteo-France NC issued an Alert 1 for the islands, which was later upgraded to an Alert 2. Amos was forecasted to bring winds of 120 to 140 km/h (75 to 87 mph) with waves of four to six meters high. [27] Very heavy rains affected Wallis and Futuna as Amos made its closest approach to the islands. At the Hihifo Airport in Wallis, a rainfall measurement of 160 millimetres (6.3 in) was recorded. [23]

Samoa

Since Amos was forecast to hit Samoa as a Category 4 storm on April 24, emergency preparations went underway with water and generators being distributed. Amos was forecasted to bring sustained winds of 170 km/h (110 mph), with gusts as high as 220 km/h (140 mph) to Apia. [28] A total of 63 residents were evacuated prior to the storm. Despite the forecasts however, the impacts from Amos were not as severe as initially predicted. Amos hit the Samoan islands as a Category 3 storm, dropping between 100 and 300 millimetres (3.9 and 11.8 in) of rain and bringing winds of up to 120 km/h (75 mph) to the islands. The most severe damage occurred in Savai'i where roads were damaged due to flooding.[ citation needed ] In addition, it is estimated that about 70 percent of the island nation lost electricity during the storm due to high winds. [29]

American Samoa

On April 23, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center issued forecasts that indicated that Amos would pass directly over American Samoa by April 24. [30] However, a recalculation in the storm position on April 24 altered the forecast track, sparing Pago Pago from a direct hit from Amos. [31] Amos brushed American Samoa to the north, dumping just over three inches of rain over Pago Pago. Amos was the strongest tropical cyclone to affect Samoa and American Samoa since Cyclone Evan in December 2012. Only three cyclones have tracked near American Samoa since 1959. [32]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2007–08 South Pacific cyclone season</span> Tropical cyclone season

The 2007–08 South Pacific cyclone season was one of the least active South Pacific tropical cyclone seasons on record, with only four tropical cyclones occurring within the South Pacific basin to the east of 160°E. The season officially ran from November 1, 2007, until April 30, 2008, although the first cyclone, Tropical Depression 01F, developed on October 17. The most intense tropical cyclone of the season was Severe Tropical Cyclone Daman, which reached a minimum pressure of 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) as it affected Fiji. After the season had ended, the names Daman, Funa, and Gene were retired from the tropical cyclone naming lists.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2005–06 South Pacific cyclone season</span> Tropical cyclone season

The 2005–06 South Pacific cyclone season was an event in the annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation. It began on November 1, 2005, and ended on April 30, 2006. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the southern Pacific Ocean east of 160°E. Additionally, the regional tropical cyclone operational plan defines a tropical cyclone year separately from a tropical cyclone season, and the "tropical cyclone year" runs from July 1, 2005, to June 30, 2006.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2004–05 South Pacific cyclone season</span> Tropical cyclone season

The 2004–05 South Pacific cyclone season was an above-average season in which tropical cyclones formed within the South Pacific Ocean to the east of 160°E. The season officially ran from November 1, 2004 to April 30, 2005, however a tropical cyclone could form at any time between July 1, 2004 and June 30, 2005 and would count towards the season total. The season got off to an early start, when Tropical Depression 01F developed near the Solomon Islands on October 28, three days before the official start of the season. The final disturbance of the season dissipated as the season was drawing to a close on May 1. The season was above-average in terms of activity, with 9 tropical cyclones and 5 severe tropical cyclones forming during the season. The season featured Cyclone Percy, the most intense of the season in terms of pressure.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2002–03 South Pacific cyclone season</span> Tropical cyclone season

The 2002–03 South Pacific cyclone season was the most active and longest tropical cyclone season since 1997–98, with ten tropical cyclones occurring within the South Pacific basin between 160°E and 120°W. The season started earlier than normal, with two systems developing before the official start of the season on November 1, 2002, while the final system dissipated on June 9, 2003, after the season had officially ended on April 30. During the season, tropical cyclones were officially monitored by the Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre (RSMC) in Nadi, Fiji and the Tropical Cyclone Warning Centres in Brisbane, Australia and Wellington, New Zealand. The United States Armed Forces through the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC), also monitored the basin and issued unofficial warnings for American interests. RSMC Nadi attaches a number and an F suffix to tropical disturbances that occur within the basin, while the JTWC designates significant tropical cyclones with a number and a P suffix. RSMC Nadi, TCWC Wellington and TCWC Brisbane all use the Australian Tropical Cyclone Intensity Scale and estimate windspeeds over a ten-minute period, while the JTWC estimates sustained winds over a one-minute period, which are subsequently compared to the Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Scale (SSHS).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cyclone Daman</span> Category 4 South Pacific cyclone in 2007

Severe Tropical Cyclone Daman was the strongest cyclone of the 2007–08 South Pacific cyclone season. Cyclone Daman was the fourth tropical depression and the first severe tropical cyclone to form east of longitude 180° during the 2007–08 South Pacific cyclone season. Due to the severity of the storm, the name Daman was retired and replaced with Denia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cyclone Gene</span> Category 3 South Pacific cyclone in 2008

Severe Tropical Cyclone Gene was the deadliest storm as well as the most damaging tropical cyclone of the 2007–08 South Pacific cyclone season east of 160ºE. RSMC Nadi monitored Gene as the 12th tropical disturbance, as well as the fourth tropical cyclone and the third severe tropical cyclone to form west of 160ºE during the 2007–08 South Pacific cyclone season. Gene was also recognised by RSMC Nadi as the fifth tropical cyclone and fourth severe tropical cyclone to form within the South Pacific Ocean during the 2007-08 season.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cyclone Cliff</span> Category 2 South Pacific cyclone in 2007

Tropical Cyclone Cliff was first noted as a weak tropical disturbance on April 1, 2007, within a trough of low pressure about 210 km (130 mi) to the southwest of Rotuma. Over the next couple of days the system drifted towards the southeast and Fiji, in an area of strong wind shear. During April 3, the system slightly accelerated, as it moved towards the south-southeast before the westerly wind shear around the system relaxed sufficiently to allow the depression to consolidate while it was located near Vanua Levu.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Timeline of the 2009–10 South Pacific cyclone season</span>

This timeline documents all of the events of the 2009–10 South Pacific cyclone season which is the period that tropical cyclones formed in the southern Pacific Ocean. Within the Southern Pacific Ocean, most tropical cyclones form within the cyclone season which began on November 1 and will end on April 30, though occasionally cyclones form outside these times. The scope of this article is limited to tropical cyclones that form in the Indian Ocean 160°E and 120°W to the south of the equator. Should a tropical cyclone form to the west of 160°E then it will be monitored within the Australian region by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology, should a tropical cyclone form to the east of 120°W, it is unclear how it will be handled as no tropical cyclone has ever been observed in the South Pacific Ocean east of 120°W.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2010–11 South Pacific cyclone season</span> Tropical cyclone season

The 2010–11 South Pacific cyclone season was an average tropical cyclone season, with seven tropical cyclones and five severe tropical cyclones developing during the season. The season ran from November 1, 2010 until April 30, 2011, though if any tropical cyclones had developed between July 1, 2010 and June 30, 2011, the official tropical cyclone year, they would have been counted towards the season's total. Within the South Pacific basin tropical cyclones were officially monitored by the Fiji Meteorological Service's Regional Specialized Meteorological Center in Nadi, Fiji, north of 25°S, and to the south the Meteorological Service of New Zealand's Tropical Cyclone Warning Center in Wellington, New Zealand. Any disturbances forming in the region were designated with a sequential number suffixed by the letter F. In addition, the United States Military's Joint Typhoon Warning Center unofficially monitored parts of the basin during the season, where any systems judged to have achieved tropical storm strength or greater received a number suffixed with the letter P. RSMC Nadi and TCWC Wellington both use the Australian Tropical Cyclone Intensity Scale, and measure wind speeds over a period of ten minutes, while the JTWC measures sustained winds over a period of one minute which can be applied to the Saffir–Simpson hurricane scale. Seven named storms formed or moved into the South Pacific basin during the 2010–11 season, the strongest of which was Severe Tropical Cyclone Wilma in late January.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2011–12 South Pacific cyclone season</span> Tropical cyclone season

The 2011–12 South Pacific cyclone season was one of the least active South Pacific tropical cyclone seasons on record, with only three tropical cyclones occurring during the season. The season ran from November 1, 2011, to April 30, 2012, however, any tropical cyclones that form before June 30, 2012, would have fallen within the 2011–12 tropical cyclone year and would have counted towards the season total. The strongest and only severe tropical cyclone that occurred during the season was Severe Tropical Cyclone Jasmine, which tracked in from out of the South Pacific basin. Within the basin, tropical cyclones are monitored by the Regional Specialized Meteorological Center (RSMC) in Nadi, Fiji, and the Tropical Cyclone Warning Center (TCWC) in Wellington, New Zealand. RSMC Nadi attaches an F designation to tropical disturbances that form in or move into the South Pacific. The United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) issues unofficial warnings within the South Pacific, designating tropical storm-equivalent or greater tropical cyclones with a number and a P suffix. RSMC Nadi and TCWC Wellington both use the Australian Tropical Cyclone Intensity Scale, and measure windspeeds over a period of ten minutes, while the JTWC measures sustained winds over a period of one minute and uses the Saffir–Simpson hurricane scale.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2012–13 South Pacific cyclone season</span> Tropical cyclone season

The 2012–13 South Pacific cyclone season was a below average tropical cyclone season, with five tropical cyclones occurring within the basin between 160°E and 120°W. The season officially ran from November 1, 2012, to April 30, 2013, however the last tropical disturbance was last noted on May 1, as it moved into the subtropics. During the season, tropical cyclones were officially monitored by the Fiji Meteorological Service (FMS), Australian Bureau of Meteorology (BoM) and New Zealand's MetService. The United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) and other national meteorological services including Météo-France and NOAA also monitored the basin during the season. During the season there were 22 significant tropical disturbances assigned a number and a F suffix by the FMS's Regional Specialized Meteorological Center in Nadi, Fiji (RSMC Nadi), including Severe Tropical Cyclone Sandra which moved into the basin from the Australian region on March 9. The BoM, MetService and RSMC Nadi all estimated sustained wind speeds over a period of 10-minutes and used the Australian tropical cyclone intensity scale, while the JTWC estimated sustained winds over a 1-minute period, which are subsequently compared to the Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale (SSHS).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2013–14 South Pacific cyclone season</span> Tropical cyclone season

The 2013–14 South Pacific cyclone season was a slightly below average tropical cyclone season, with six tropical cyclones occurring within the basin between 160°E and 120°W. The season ran from November 1, 2013, to April 30, 2014, however, the first four tropical disturbances occurred during October 2013 and were included as a part of the season. During the season, tropical cyclones were officially monitored by the Fiji Meteorological Service (FMS), Australian Bureau of Meteorology (BoM) and New Zealand's MetService. The United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) and other national meteorological services including Météo-France and NOAA also monitored the basin during the season. During the season there were 21 significant tropical disturbances were assigned a number and an "F" suffix by the FMS's Regional Specialized Meteorological Center in Nadi, Fiji (RSMC Nadi), including the remnants of Tropical Cyclone Hadi from the Australian region. The BoM, MetService and RSMC Nadi all estimated sustained wind speeds over a period of 10-minutes and used the Australian tropical cyclone intensity scale, while the JTWC estimated sustained winds over a 1-minute period, which are subsequently compared to the Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale (SSHS).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2014–15 South Pacific cyclone season</span> Tropical cyclone season

The 2014–15 South Pacific cyclone season was a slightly-below average tropical cyclone season, with five tropical cyclones occurring within the basin between 160°E and 120°W. The season officially ran from November 1, 2014, to April 30, 2015. During the season, tropical cyclones were officially monitored by the Regional Specialized Meteorological Center (RSMC) in Nadi, Fiji and the Tropical Cyclone Warning Centers in Brisbane, Australia and Wellington, New Zealand. The United States Armed Forces through the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) also monitored the basin and issued unofficial warnings for American interests. RSMC Nadi attaches a number and an F suffix to tropical disturbances that form in or move into the basin while the JTWC designates significant tropical cyclones with a number and a P suffix. RSMC Nadi, TCWC Wellington and TCWC Brisbane all use the Australian Tropical Cyclone Intensity Scale and estimate windspeeds over a period of ten minutes, while the JTWC estimated sustained winds over a 1-minute period, which are subsequently compared to the Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale (SSHWS).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cyclone Evan</span> Category 4 cyclone in the South Pacific in 2012

Severe Tropical Cyclone Evan was considered to be the worst tropical cyclone to affect the island nation of Samoa since Cyclone Val in 1991 and was the strongest storm to impact the main South Pacific islands until Winston in 2016. The system was first noted on December 9, 2012, as a weak tropical depression about 700 km (435 mi) to the northeast of Suva, Fiji. Over the next couple of days, the depression gradually developed further before it was named Evan on December 12, as it had fully developed into a tropical cyclone. During that day the system moved toward the Samoan Islands and gradually intensified, before the system slowed and severely affected the Samoan Islands during the next day with wind gusts of up to 210 km/h (130 mph).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2015–16 South Pacific cyclone season</span> Tropical cyclone season

The 2015–16 South Pacific cyclone season was one of the most disastrous South Pacific tropical cyclone seasons on record, with a total of 50 deaths and $1.405 billion in damage. Throughout the season, 8 systems attained tropical cyclone status, whilst 5 became severe tropical cyclones. The most notable cyclone of the season by far was Winston, which attained a minimum pressure of 884 hPa, and maximum ten-minute sustained winds of 175 mph (280 km/h), making it the most intense tropical cyclone on record in the Southern Hemisphere. Winston went on to devastate Fiji, causing $1.4 billion in damage and 44 deaths across the country.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2016–17 South Pacific cyclone season</span> Tropical cyclone season

The 2016–17 South Pacific cyclone season was the least active South Pacific cyclone season since the 2011–12 season, with only four tropical cyclones occurring within the South Pacific Ocean to the east of 160°E. Two of the four systems developed into severe tropical cyclones on the Australian tropical cyclone intensity scale. The season officially ran from November 1, 2016 until April 30, 2017. However, May featured two post-season systems: Donna and Ella, of which the former was the strongest post-season South Pacific tropical cyclone ever recorded in that month. Overall, 22 tropical disturbances were monitored by a combination of the Fiji Meteorological Service (FMS), Australian Bureau of Meteorology (BoM) and New Zealand's MetService.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2017–18 South Pacific cyclone season</span> Tropical cyclone season

The 2017–18 South Pacific cyclone season was a slightly below-average season that produced 6 tropical cyclones, 3 of which became severe tropical cyclones. The season officially began on November 1, 2017, and ended on April 30, 2018; however, a tropical cyclone could form at any time between July 1, 2017, and June 30, 2018, and would count towards the season total. During the season, tropical cyclones were officially monitored by the Fiji Meteorological Service, MetService and the Australian Bureau of Meteorology, while the United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) also monitored the basin and issued warnings for American interests. The FMS attaches a number and an F suffix to significant tropical disturbances that form in or move into the basin, while the JTWC designates significant tropical cyclones with a number and a P suffix. The BoM, FMS and MetService all use the Australian Tropical Cyclone Intensity Scale and estimate wind speeds over a period of ten minutes, while the JTWC estimates sustained winds over a 1-minute period, which are subsequently compared to the Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale (SSHWS).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cyclone Gavin</span> 1997 tropical cyclone impacting Fiji and the South Pacific region

Severe Tropical Cyclone Gavin was the most intense tropical cyclone to affect Fiji, since Cyclone Oscar of the 1982–83 cyclone season and was the first of three tropical cyclones to affect the island nations of Tuvalu and Wallis and Futuna during the 1996–97 season. The system that was to become Gavin was first identified during March 2, as a weak tropical depression that had developed within the monsoon trough of low pressure. Over the next two days the depression gradually developed further, before it was named Gavin by RSMC Nadi early on March 4 as it had developed into a tropical cyclone.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cyclone Tino</span> Category 3 South Pacific cyclone of 2020

Severe Tropical Cyclone Tino was a tropical cyclone which itself and an associated convergence zone caused significant damage across ten island nations in the South Pacific Ocean during January 2020. First noted as a tropical disturbance during January 11, to the southwest of Honiara in the Solomon Islands, the system gradually developed over the next few days as it moved eastwards in between the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu prior to being named Tino as it approached Fiji during January 16. Continuing to track south-eastward, Tino continued strengthening as it passed near Fiji, bringing copious amounts of rainfall to the area. Whilst losing latitude, the system continued to strengthen and peaked as a category 3 tropical cyclone on January 17, with signs of an eye forming. Shortly after peak intensity, Tino was impacted by high wind shear and decreasing sea surface temperatures, triggering a weakening trend. Tino moved out of the tropics shortly thereafter and became an extratropical cyclone during January 19.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cyclone Ana</span> Category 3 South Pacific cyclone of 2021

Severe Tropical Cyclone Ana was one of three tropical cyclones to impact the island nation of Fiji towards the end of January 2021. The fifth tropical disturbance, third tropical cyclone and second severe tropical cyclone of the 2020–21 South Pacific cyclone season, Ana was first noted as Tropical Disturbance 05F during January 26, while it was located about 220 km (135 mi) to the northeast of Port Vila in Vanuatu. Over the next few days, the system moved eastwards and gradually developed further, before it was declared to be a tropical cyclone and named Ana during January 29. Over the next day, the system moved south-eastwards towards Fiji before it made landfall on the island of Viti Levu. After emerging into the Pacific Ocean, the system intensified into a Category 3 severe tropical cyclone, before it rapidly degenerated into a subtropical low during February 1.

References

  1. 1 2 RSMC Nadi — Tropical Cyclone Centre (April 13, 2016). "Tropical Disturbance Summary April 13, 2016 21z". Fiji Meteorological Service. Archived from the original on May 21, 2024. Retrieved April 23, 2016.
  2. ↑ "Significant Tropical Weather Advisory for the Western and South Pacific Oceans April 15, 2016". United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. April 15, 2016. Archived from the original on May 21, 2024. Retrieved April 23, 2016.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Fiji Meteorological Service (April 20, 2016). "Tropical Depression 17F midday update". Facebook. Retrieved April 23, 2016.[ user-generated source ]
  4. 1 2 3 4 Climate Services Division (May 6, 2016). Fiji Climate Summary: April 2016 (PDF) (Report). Vol. 37. Fiji Meteorological Service. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 7, 2016. Retrieved May 8, 2016.
  5. ↑ RSMC Nadi — Tropical Cyclone Centre (April 16, 2016). "Tropical Disturbance Summary April 16, 2016 09z". Fiji Meteorological Service. Archived from the original on May 21, 2024. Retrieved April 23, 2016.
  6. ↑ RSMC Nadi — Tropical Cyclone Centre (April 17, 2016). "Tropical Disturbance Summary April 17, 2016 09z". Fiji Meteorological Service. Archived from the original on May 21, 2024. Retrieved April 23, 2016.
  7. ↑ "Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert April 18, 2016 04z". United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. April 18, 2016. Archived from the original on May 21, 2024. Retrieved April 24, 2016.
  8. ↑ RSMC Nadi — Tropical Cyclone Centre (April 19, 2016). "Tropical Disturbance Advisory April 19, 2016 12z". Fiji Meteorological Service. Archived from the original on May 21, 2024. Retrieved April 24, 2016.
  9. ↑ Tropical Cyclone warning webcitation.org
  10. ↑ RSMC Nadi — Tropical Cyclone Centre (April 20, 2016). "Tropical Disturbance Advisory April 20, 2016 12z". Fiji Meteorological Service. Archived from the original on May 21, 2024. Retrieved April 24, 2016.
  11. 1 2 3 Tropical Cyclone warning webcitation.org
  12. ↑ Tropical Cyclone warning webcitation.org
  13. ↑ Tropical Cyclone warning webcitation.org
  14. 1 2 Tropical Cyclone warning webcitation.org
  15. ↑ RSMC Nadi — Tropical Cyclone Centre (April 22, 2016). "Tropical Disturbance Advisory April 22, 2016 12z". Fiji Meteorological Service. Archived from the original on May 21, 2024. Retrieved April 24, 2016.
  16. ↑ Track File Archived 2017-01-08 at the Wayback Machine
  17. 1 2 3 Tropical cyclone 20P (Amos) Warning webcitation.org
  18. ↑ Tropical cyclone 20P (Amos) Warning webcitation.org
  19. ↑ Tropical cyclone 20P (Amos) Warning webcitation.org
  20. ↑ Tropical cyclone 20P (Amos) Warning webcitation.org
  21. ↑ "Tropical Disturbance Summary April 25, 2016 12z". Fiji Meteorological Service. April 25, 2016. Archived from the original on May 21, 2024. Retrieved April 25, 2016.
  22. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "Wallis and Futuna Cyclone Passes De 1880 à nos jours" [Wallis and Futuna Cyclone Passes From 1880 to the present day] (in French). Meteo France New Caledonia. Retrieved January 2, 2017.
  23. 1 2 "Cyclone Amos: les Samoa ravagées" [Cyclone Amos: ravaged Samoa]. Meteo (in French). Retrieved April 24, 2016.
  24. ↑ "Situation Report 191 of 20/04/2016" (PDF). National Emergency Operations Centre. April 20, 2016. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 17, 2016. Retrieved April 23, 2016.
  25. 1 2 "Media release" (PDF). met.gov.fj. April 16, 2016. Retrieved May 30, 2024.
  26. 1 2 "Media release" (PDF). met.gov.fj. April 17, 2016. Retrieved May 30, 2024.
  27. ↑ "Cyclone: Wallis en alerte rouge à l'approche d'Amos". Out-remer. Meteo-France NC. April 22, 2016. Retrieved April 24, 2016.
  28. ↑ "Direct hit predicted as Tropical Cyclone Amos intensifies on approach to Samoa's capital". ABC News. April 23, 2016. Retrieved April 27, 2016.
  29. ↑ Feagaimaalii-Luamanu, Joyetter. "After Amos: no casualties, no infrastructure damage reported in Samoa". Samoa News. Archived from the original on April 27, 2016. Retrieved April 27, 2016.
  30. ↑ Unisys Weather (April 23, 2016). "TROPICAL CYCLONE 20P (AMOS) WARNING NR 015". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Archived from the original on June 4, 2016. Retrieved May 12, 2016.
  31. ↑ Unisys Weather (April 24, 2016). "TROPICAL CYCLONE 20P (AMOS) WARNING NR 017". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Archived from the original on June 4, 2016. Retrieved May 12, 2016.
  32. ↑ Moore, Tom (April 24, 2016). "Tropical Cyclone Amos Brushes Samoa, American Samoa". The Weather Channel. Archived from the original on April 26, 2016. Retrieved May 12, 2016.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.