Cylicomorpha

Last updated • 1 min readFrom Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia

Cylicomorpha
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Brassicales
Family: Caricaceae
Genus: Cylicomorpha
Urb., 1901
Species

Cylicomorpha is a plant genus consisting of two species that are native to the African tropics. They are the only African representatives of the Caricaceae, [1] and are consequently related to the papaya.

Contents

Habit and appearance

They have the habit of bottle trees, [2] and their soft, dilated trunks are armed with short conical spines. The leaves are digitately lobed. [3] They are strictly dioecious, [1] [2] and like all Caricaceae, produce abundant milky sap when damaged. [1] The inflorescences are axillary. The male panicles hold many flowers, while the female flowers are solitary or borne in small numbers on short racemes. [4]

Species

ImageScientific nameDistribution
C. parviflora Urb.eastern Kenya, Tanzania
C. solmsii (Urb.) Urb.Cameroon

Range and occurrence

They occur as tall-growing, pioneer plants in moist submontane habitats, where they are local but gregarious. [3] The western species, C. solmsii is locally threatened by clearance for agriculture and wood, and may be extinct at Mount Cameroon and at Barombi, Kumba. [3]

Species interactions

The fruit of both species are eaten by birds and primates. [1]

Related Research Articles

<i>Erica arborea</i> Species of flowering plant

Erica arborea, the tree heath or tree heather, is a species of flowering plant (angiosperms) in the heather family Ericaceae, native to the Mediterranean Basin and Ethiopia, Kenya and Tanzania in East Africa. It is also cultivated as an ornamental.

<i>Adansonia</i> Genus of plants known as baobab

Adansonia is a genus made up of eight species of medium-to-large deciduous trees known as baobabs. They are placed in the Malvaceae family, subfamily Bombacoideae. They are native to Madagascar, mainland Africa, and Australia. The trees have also been introduced to other regions such as Asia. The generic name honours Michel Adanson, the French naturalist and explorer who described Adansonia digitata. The baobab is also known as the "upside down tree", a name that originates from several myths. They are among the most long-lived of vascular plants and have large flowers that are reproductive for a maximum of 15 hours. The flowers open around dusk, opening so quickly that movement can be detected by the naked eye, and are faded by the next morning. The fruits are large, oval to round and berry-like and hold kidney-shaped seeds in a dry, pulpy matrix.

<i>Moringa</i> (genus) Genus of flowering plants

Moringa is the sole genus in the plant family Moringaceae. It contains 13 species, which occur in tropical and subtropical regions of Africa and Asia and that range in size from tiny herbs to massive trees. Moringa species grow quickly in many types of environments.

<i>Jacaranda mimosifolia</i> Sub-tropical tree with long-lasting pale indigo flowers

Jacaranda mimosifolia is a sub-tropical tree native to south-central South America that has been widely planted elsewhere because of its attractive and long-lasting violet-colored flowers. It is also known as the jacaranda, blue jacaranda, black poui, Nupur or fern tree. Older sources call it J. acutifolia, but it is nowadays more usually classified as J. mimosifolia. In scientific usage, the name "jacaranda" refers to the genus Jacaranda, which has many other members, but in horticultural and everyday usage, it nearly always means the blue jacaranda.

<i>Dalbergia melanoxylon</i> Species of plant

Dalbergia melanoxylon in french Granadille d'Afrique is a flowering plant in the family Fabaceae, native to seasonally dry regions of Africa from Senegal east to Eritrea, to southern regions of Tanzania to Mozambique and south to the north-eastern parts of South Africa. The tree is an important timber species in its native areas; it is used in the manufacture of musical instruments, sculptures vinyago in Swahili language and fine furnitures. Populations and genomic resources for genetic biodiversity maintenance in parts of its native range are threatened by overharvesting due to poor or absent conservation planning and by the species' low germination rates.

<i>Caesalpinia pulcherrima</i> Species of plant

Caesalpinia pulcherrima is a species of flowering plant in the pea family Fabaceae, native to the tropics and subtropics of the Americas. It could be native to the West Indies, but its exact origin is unknown due to widespread cultivation. Common names for this species include poinciana, peacock flower, red bird of paradise, Mexican bird of paradise, dwarf poinciana, pride of Barbados, flos pavonis, and flamboyant-de-jardin. The Hawaiian name for this plant is ʻohai aliʻi.

<i>Spondias mombin</i> Species of tree

Spondias mombin, also known as yellow mombin, hog plum or amra, is a species of tree and flowering plant in the family Anacardiaceae. It is native to the tropical Americas, including the West Indies. The tree was introduced by the Portuguese in South Asia in the beginning of the 17th century. It has been naturalized in parts of Africa, India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, The Bahamas, Indonesia, and other Caribbean islands. It is rarely cultivated except in parts of the Brazilian Northeast.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Caricaceae</span> Family of flowering plants

The Caricaceae are a family of flowering plants in the order Brassicales, found primarily in tropical regions of Central and South America and Africa. They are usually short-lived evergreen pachycaul shrubs or small to medium-sized trees growing to 5–10 m tall. One species, Vasconcellea horovitziana is a liana and the three species of the genus Jarilla are herbs. Some species, such as the papaya, bear edible fruit and produce papain.

<i>Tecoma stans</i> Species of tree

Tecoma stans is a species of flowering perennial shrub in the trumpet vine family, Bignoniaceae, that is native to the Americas. Common names include yellow trumpetbush, yellow bells, yellow elder, ginger Thomas. Tecoma stans is the official flower of the United States Virgin Islands and the floral emblem of The Bahamas.

<i>Leptospermum laevigatum</i> Species of plant

Leptospermum laevigatum, commonly known as the coast tea tree, is a species of shrub or small tree that is endemic to south-eastern Australia, but has been widely introduced in other places where it is often considered to be a weed. It has thin, rough bark on the older stems, narrow egg-shaped leaves, relatively large white flowers and flat topped fruit that is shed shortly after reaching maturity.

<i>Khaya anthotheca</i> Species of tree

Khaya anthotheca, with the common name East African mahogany, is a large tree species in the Meliaceae family, native to tropical Africa.

<i>Vachellia flava</i> Species of legume

Vachellia flava, synonym Acacia ehrenbergiana, is a species of drought-resistant bush or small tree, commonly known as salam in Arabic. It is found in the Sahara, the northern Sahel, parts of East Africa, the Arabian Peninsula and Iran.

<i>Rauvolfia mannii</i> Species of plant

Rauvolfia mannii grows as a shrub or small tree up to 8 metres (26 ft) tall. Its fragrant flowers feature white to pink or red-brown, or yellow corolla lobes. Its habitat is forests from sea level to 2,500 metres (8,200 ft) altitude. The plant has been used as arrow poison. Rauvolfia mannii is native to central Africa.

<i>Tabernaemontana crassa</i> Species of plant

Tabernaemontana crassa is a plant in the dogbane family Apocynaceae, native to tropical Africa.

<i>Diplorhynchus</i> Genus of plants

Diplorhynchus is a monotypic genus of plant in the family Apocynaceae native to tropical and southern Africa. As of August 2020, Plants of the World Online recognises the single species Diplorhynchus condylocarpon.

<i>Holarrhena floribunda</i> Species of plant

Holarrhena floribunda, commonly known as the false rubber tree, conessi bark or kurchi bark, is a plant in the family Apocynaceae.

<i>Markhamia zanzibarica</i> Species of plant in the family Bignoniaceae

Markhamia zanzibarica, also known as bell bean tree or maroon bell-bean, is a species of plant in the family Bignoniaceae. It is found in East Africa and Southern Africa, from Kenya to South Africa.

<i>Salix pedicellata</i> Species of plant

Salix pedicellata is a species of willow. It is a shrub or small tree to about 6–8 m tall, native around the Mediterranean Sea from Portugal to Lebanon and Syria in the north and from the Canary Islands to Tunisia in the south. Salix canariensis may be treated as a subspecies of S. pedicellata.

<i>Gilbertiodendron dewevrei</i> Species of legume

Gilbertiodendron dewevrei is a species of tree in the family Fabaceae, native to tropical rain forests in Central Africa. It is often the dominant tree species of the Guineo-Congolian rainforest. The timber is traded as limbali, and is used for construction, flooring and railway sleepers. It is also used for making boats, furniture, tool handles and joinery and for making charcoal.

Parkia bicolor, the African locust-bean, is a species of flowering plant, a tree in the family Fabaceae. It is native to tropical West and Central Africa. Its natural habitats are tropical moist lowland forests, swampland, woodland and savannah.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 "Cylicomorpha". e-Monograph of Caricaceae. Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford. Archived from the original on 4 March 2014. Retrieved 19 February 2014.
  2. 1 2 Aguirre, A.; et al. (2008). "Morphological variation in the flowers of Jacaratia mexicana A. DC. (Caricaceae), a subdioecious tree" (PDF). Plant Biology. 11 (3): 417–424. doi:10.1111/j.1438-8677.2008.00154.x. PMID   19470112 . Retrieved 19 February 2014.
  3. 1 2 3 Cheek, M. (2004). "Cylicomorpha solmsii". IUCN red list of threatened species. IUCN. Retrieved 19 February 2014.
  4. "Cylicomorpha Urb. [family CARICACEAE]". Global Plants. Kew Royal Botanic Gardens, jstor. Retrieved 19 February 2014.