Cymbiola nobilis

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Cynbiola nobilis
Cymbiola nobilis 01.jpg
Five views of a shell of Cymbiola nobilis
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Subclass: Caenogastropoda
Order: Neogastropoda
Family: Volutidae
Genus: Cymbiola
Species:
C. nobilis
Binomial name
Cymbiola nobilis
(Lightfoot, 1786)
Synonyms [1]
  • Cymbiola (Cymbiola) nobilis(Lightfoot, 1786)
  • Voluta fasciataSchubert & Wagner, 1829
  • Voluta nobilis[Lightfoot], 1786 (original combination)
  • Voluta scaphaGmelin, 1791

Cymbiola nobilis (noble volute) is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Volutidae, the volutes. [1] The snail's shell is commonly collected in the sea shell trade, which has resulted in overharvesting of the snail.

Contents

Taxonomy and naming

The snail is a member of the phylum Mollusca, the class Gastropoda, the family Volutidae, and the genus Cymbiola . It was first discovered in 1786. [2]

Subspecies

Distribution

Cymbiola nobilis is widespread in Asia from Taiwan to Vietnam, peninsular Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore and Philippines. [2] [3] [4] [5] [6]

Description

A shell of Cymbiola nobilis Volutidae - Cymbiola nobilis.JPG
A shell of Cymbiola nobilis

Shells of Cymbiola nobilis can reach a length of 50–222 millimetres (2.0–8.7 in), [3] with an average size of six centimeters. [2] Females tend to be larger than the males. [7]

These fairy large, thick and heavy shells are glossy, with plaits on the columella. They have a wide variety of patterns. [8] The shell colour may be beige, orange or yellow with a zig-zag red or brown pattern. Sometimes these shells are completely black. The fleshy body of the snail is black with bright yellow or orange spots. [5]

Pigment producing cells infect nearby cells so that they also produce pigment. Cells that are infected once become immune to producing pigment again. As a result, the coloring of the snail's shell forms the characteristic pattern. [9] [10]

Habitat

This species lives in a marine environment and can be found on sandy reef flats and sandy areas near coral rubble and seagrasses. [2] [5] [6]

Populations of Cymbiola nobilis are present in small and isolated areas and are often close by, but separated by geographic barriers such as water channels. Each separate range has its own shell form and color pattern. [8]

Conservation Status

The snail is considered vulnerable. [2] The number of Cymbiola nobilis has been greatly reduced by reef destruction and collection as food and for the marine curio and shell trade. [2] The snail was once commonly found in reefs around Singapore, but they have become much scarcer. The government of Singapore has stated that laws are needed to restrict the collection of wildlife fauna such as Cymbiola nobilis. [2]

Behavior

Reproduction

The snails are to a certain extent hermaphrodites, but separate sexes exist, and the snails reproduce through sexual reproduction. [11] The female is fertilized by the male internally, and the female responds by depositing fertilized eggs. [8] The egg capsules laid by the female contain multiple embryos. [2] It takes about seven days for the eggs to hatch into larvae. Embryos develop into free-swimming planktonic marine larvae (trochophore) and later into juvenile veligers. [6] Altogether, the snail goes through eight stages of development before becoming a full-fledged snail. [7]

Diet

The C. nobilis is carnivorous, and preys on small animals such as bivalves, [2] [6] other mollusks and echinoderms. [8]

Cymbiola nobilis on a 1969 Indonesia postage stamp. 1969 Indonesia stamp Voluta scapha.jpg
Cymbiola nobilis on a 1969 Indonesia postage stamp.

Bibliography

Related Research Articles

Volutoidea is a taxonomic superfamily of predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the clade Neogastropoda.

<i>Cymbiolacca</i> Genus of gastropods

Cymbiolacca is a small taxonomic genus of medium-sized predatory marine gastropod mollusc in the family Volutidae, the volutes. This genus is often treated as a subgenus of Cymbiola Swainson, 1831.

<i>Cymbiola magnifica</i> Species of gastropod

Cymbiola magnifica, common name the magnificent volute, is a species of large sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Volutidae, the volutes.

<i>Cymbiola rutila</i> Species of gastropod

Cymbiola rutila, common name the "Blood-red Volute", is a species of large sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Volutidae, the volutes.

<i>Cymbiola vespertilio</i> Species of gastropod

Cymbiola vespertilio, common name the bat volute, is a species of large predatory sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Volutidae, the volutes.

<i>Cymbiola</i> Genus of gastropods

Cymbiola is a genus of large predatory sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Volutidae, the volutes.

<i>Voluta</i> Genus of gastropods

Voluta is a genus of medium to large sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Volutidae, the volutes.

<i>Voluta virescens</i> Species of gastropod

Voluta virescens, common name the green music volute, is a species of medium-sized sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Volutidae, the volutes.

<i>Cymbiola aulica</i> Species of gastropod

Cymbiola aulica, also known as the princely or courtier volute is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Volutidae, the volutes.

<i>Cymbiola cathcartiae</i> Species of gastropod

Cymbiola cathcartiae is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Volutidae, the volutes.

<i>Cymbiola cymbiola</i> Species of gastropod

Cymbiola cymbiola, common name the crown volute, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Volutidae, the volutes.

<i>Cymbiola flavicans</i> Species of gastropod

Cymbiola flavicans, common name the yellow volute, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Volutidae, the volutes.

Cymbiola hughmorrisoni is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Volutidae, the volutes.

<i>Cymbiola imperialis</i> Species of gastropod

Cymbiola imperialis, the imperial volute, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk of the genus Cymbiola in the family Volutidae, the volutes.

Cymbiola malayensis is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Volutidae, the volutes.

Cymbiola palawanica is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Volutidae, the volutes.

<i>Cymbiola scottjordani</i> Species of gastropod

Cymbiola scottjordani is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Volutidae, the volutes.

<i>Cymbiola perplicata</i> Species of gastropod

Cymbiola perplicata is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Volutidae, the volutes.

Cymbiola nobilis tamariskae is a subspecies of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Volutidae, the volutes.

<i>Cymbium pepo</i> Species of gastropod

Cymbium pepo, commonly known as the African neptune volute is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Volutidae, the volutes.

References

  1. 1 2 Cymbiola nobilis (Lightfoot, 1786) . Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species  on 25 April 2010.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "National Parks Board, Singapore Government". Archived from the original on 2018-02-17. Retrieved 2014-05-31.
  3. 1 2 "Cymbiola nobilis nobilis". Gastropods.com. Retrieved 12 January 2019.
  4. ↑ Claudio Galli: WMSDB - Worldwide Mollusc Species Data Base
  5. 1 2 3 Wild Singapore
  6. 1 2 3 4 Sealife Base
  7. 1 2 Noorsakinah. "Development and Growth of Larvae of the Volute, Cymbiola nobilis Lightfoot". EBSCO. Archived from the original on 31 May 2014. Retrieved 31 May 2014.
  8. 1 2 3 4 Beechey, Des. "Family Volutidae Australian Museum
  9. ↑ Prusinkiewicz, Przemyslaw (2009). The Algorithmic Beauty of Sea Shells. Springer. p. 48. ISBN   9783540921424.
  10. ↑ Biolib
  11. ↑ Swennen, Cornelis. "Contributions to Zoology". University of Amsterdam. Retrieved 31 May 2014.
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