| Cystoseira | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Cystoseira foeniculacea, the type species of Cystoseira | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Clade: | Diaphoretickes |
| Clade: | SAR |
| Clade: | Stramenopiles |
| Phylum: | Gyrista |
| Subphylum: | Ochrophytina |
| Class: | Phaeophyceae |
| Order: | Fucales |
| Family: | Sargassaceae |
| Genus: | Cystoseira (L.) C.Agardh, 1820 [1] |
| Species | |
See text | |
Cystoseira is a genus of brown algae in the order Fucales.
As presently defined, Cystoseira comprises fucoids characterised by antherozoids without stigmata, few antheridial branches, trichothallic hairs in conceptacles, large ovoid oospheres, and eggs that remain attached to the surface of the receptacles through mucilaginous stalks until after fertilization. [2]
Cystoseira as presently defined occurs only in the Mediterranean and Northeast Atlantic. Species from the Indian and Pacific oceans are presently included in different genera. [2]
Cystoseira are important habitat-forming species in coastal waters of the Mediterranean and Northeast Atlantic. They require good water quality, and can be used as bioindicators for pollution levels. [3]
Cystoseira was recently found to include multiple unrelated lineages. [4] [2] [5] As a result, most species were moved to the genera Stephanocystis , Polycladia , Sirophysalis , Gongolaria and Ericaria . [2] [5] [6] As of January 2024, AlgaeBase lists the following non-fossil species as accepted: [7]
Many of these species are poorly studied and require validation. [5]
Brown algae are a large group of multicellular algae comprising the class Phaeophyceae. They include many seaweeds located in colder waters of the Northern Hemisphere. Brown algae are the major seaweeds of the temperate and polar regions. Many brown algae, such as members of the order Fucales, commonly grow along rocky seashores. Most brown algae live in marine environments, where they play an important role both as food and as a potential habitat. For instance, Macrocystis, a kelp of the order Laminariales, may reach 60 m (200 ft) in length and forms prominent underwater kelp forests that contain a high level of biodiversity. Another example is Sargassum, which creates unique floating mats of seaweed in the tropical waters of the Sargasso Sea that serve as the habitats for many species. Some members of the class, such as kelps, are used by humans as food.
The sea lettuces comprise the genus Ulva, a group of edible green algae that is widely distributed along the coasts of the world's oceans. The type species within the genus Ulva is Ulva lactuca, lactuca being Latin for "lettuce". The genus also includes the species previously classified under the genus Enteromorpha, the former members of which are known under the common name green nori.
Leathesia marina (Lyngbye) Decaisne, 1842, previously known as Leathesia difformis Areschoug, 1847, commonly known as the sea cauliflower the sea potato, and brown brains is a species of littoral brown algae in the class Phaeophyceae and the order Ectocarpales, which is commonly attached to other seaweeds and sometimes rocks. When young, the organism is solid but as it matures it becomes hollow and somewhat convoluted and has the appearance of a small leathery brown bag about the same size as a tennis ball. The texture is rubbery and the outer surface smooth.
Chordariaceae is a family of brown algae. Members of this family are may be filamentous, crustose with fused cells at the base, or they may be terete and differentiated into a central medulla and an outer photosynthetic cortex. They have a sporphytic thallus usually aggregated to form a pseudo-parenchyma.
Dictyotales is a large order in the brown algae containing the single family Dictyotaceae. Members of this order generally prefer warmer waters than other brown algae, and are prevalent in tropical and subtropical waters thanks to their many chemical defenses to ward off grazers. They display an isomorphic haplodiploid life cycle and are characterized by vegetative growth through a single apical cell. One genus in this order, Padina, is the only calcareous member of the brown algae.
Turbinaria is a genus of brown algae (Phaeophyceae) found primarily in tropical marine waters. It generally grows on rocky substrates. In tropical Turbinaria species that are often preferentially consumed by herbivorous fishes and echinoids, there is a relatively low level of phenolics and tannins.
Halymenia a genus of a macroscopic red algae that grows in oceans worldwide.
Gongolaria baccata is a species of brown seaweed in the family Fucaceae. It is found in the north east Atlantic, the Baltic Sea and the Mediterranean Sea. The species name baccata means "berry-like" and refers to the small air bladders.
Gongolaria elegans is a species of brown algae in the family Sargassaceae endemic to the Mediterranean.
Silvetia is a genus of brown algae, commonly known as rockweed, found in the intertidal zone of rocky seashores of the Pacific Ocean. These were originally classified as members of the genus Pelvetia. In 1999, Silvetia sp. was created as a separate species from Pelvetia canaliculata due to differences of oogonium structure and of nucleic acid sequences of the rDNA. It was renamed in honor of Paul Silva, Curator of Algae at the Herbarium of the University of California, Berkeley. There are three species and one subspecies.
Dictyota is a genus of brown seaweed in the family Dictyotaceae. Species are predominantly found in tropical and subtropical seas, and are known to contain numerous chemicals (diterpenes) which have potential medicinal value. As at the end of 2017, some 237 different diterpenes had been identified from across the genus.
Fucophycidae is a subclass of Phaeophyceae which contains the most complex and evolved orders of Chromista algae. The members of this subclass have stalks with several morphological forms and distinct structures, characterized by an intercalary growth and a basic heteromorphic, sometimes secondarily iso- or sub-isomorphic life cycle.
Fucus cottonii, also known as moss wrack, is a species of brown algae that grows in low energy salt-marsh environments on Atlantic and Pacific coasts. The algae is small in comparison to other members of the Fucus genus and lacks the bladders common in other species, such as Fucus vesiculosus. The species either grows partially embedded in the banks of an estuary, or entangled in halophytic vegetation.
Gongolaria is a genus of brown algae in the family Sargassaceae. It was formerly included in Cystoseira, but was recently found not to be closely related to it.
Ericaria is a genus of brown algae in the family Sargassaceae. It was formerly included in Cystoseira, but was recently found not to be closely related to it.
Ericaria selaginoides is a large marine brown algae.
Ericaria amentacea is a large marine brown algae.
Cystoseira pustulata is a species of brown alga in the genus Cystoseira.
Stolonophora brandegeei is a species of marine brown algae in the family Sargassaceae, and the only species presenty recognised in the genus Stolonophora.
| Authority control databases: National |
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