Deaths during the Mahsa Amini protests refer to those people who were killed due to Iran's nationwide protests of 2022, triggered by the death of 22-year-old Kurdish Iranian Jina Mahsa Amini on September 16, 2022, in a Tehran hospital under suspicious circumstances. [1]
The Guidance Patrol, the religious morality police of Iran's government, arrested Amini for allegedly not wearing the hijab in accordance with government standards. The Law Enforcement Command of the Islamic Republic of Iran stated that she had a heart attack at a police station, collapsed, and fell into a coma before being transferred to a hospital. [2] [3] However, eyewitnesses, including women who were detained with Amini, reported that she was severely beaten and that she died as a result of police brutality, [4] [5] [6] which was denied by the Iranian authorities. [7] The assertions of police brutality, in addition to leaked medical scans, [8] led some observers to believe Amini had a cerebral hemorrhage or stroke due to head injuries received after her arrest. [9]
During the protests that followed, many young women and men, including children, were shot or killed in the street or executed in prison without trial, or died as a result of mistreatment and torture. The perpetrators are usually male members of the religious police, the paramilitary Basijis, the Iranian Revolutionary Guards Corps (IRGC) or prison guards. [10] The killings and mistreatments are being carried out systematically on orders from the regime to use ruthless violence to suppress the protests and deter the population from further participation. They are internationally regarded as serious human rights crimes. [11]
Since the beginning of the protests, human rights organizations, news agencies specializing in Iran, quality media, and domestic and foreign Iranian opposition groups have continuously collected testimonies from inside Iran, verified the information as much as possible, and then provided reports on the reliably identified fatalities and essential information about their deaths released. Documentaries on this come from the news agencies IranWire, the Human Rights Activists News Agency (HRANA) and Iran International, Amnesty International, the Hengaw Organization for Human Rights (Hengaw), Iran Human Rights (IHR), the Iran Human Rights Monitor (IHRM) and the National Council of Resistance of Iran (NCRI). Media such as The New York Times, Washington Post, The Guardian, Der Spiegel, Der Tagesspiegel, Die Zeit and others have published many names of victims in the context of their reports on Iran. [12]
As of October 5, 2022, HRANA registered 342 civil protest gatherings in all 31 provinces of Iran, including 266 street protests in 105 major cities and 76 student protests in all 69 universities in the country. The police and Basijis used tear gas, rubber and metal bullets and live ammunition to disperse the gatherings, killing hundreds of unarmed people. In the first three weeks, HRANA initially identified 200 fatalities, including 18 children and adolescents, largely through analysis of video footage and testimonies received from Iran. [1]
By the end of October 2022, NCRI announced 280 identified protesters were killed in the protests and put the total death toll at 450 so far, [13] [ better source needed ] similar to IHRM. [14] By November 2, 2022, IHR registered at least 277 people killed in the protests and in custody, including 40 children. IHR is investigating numerous unconfirmed reports of further killings and also expects dozens of executions of those arrested on arbitrary death sentences. [15] As of November 5, 2022, at least 314 people have been killed in protests in Iran, including 47 minors and 38 security forces, according to HRANA and more than 14,000 were arrested. [16] Following a massacre by regime forces in Khash on November 4, 2022, NCRI reported 324 identified fatalities. [17] By December 17, 2022, at least 469 people have been killed. 374 of the deaths were men and 63 of the deaths were children and 32 were women. 39 protesters are also at risk of execution [18]
According to the Iranian government, around 200 people have died during the protest. [19] Human rights activists assume a high number of unreported deaths. [11] A reason for this is that the Iranian regime arbitrarily arrests or kidnaps thousands of people, kills many without a process of law, and instead of handing over their bodies to their relatives, disappears them. Media research and criminal investigations are forbidden under the dictatorship of Iran, and are being done illegally and then associated with great risks and danger for witnesses, investigative journalists, human rights activists and lawyers. [20]
The documentation from HRANA (1), IranWire (2), Der Spiegel (3), Amnesty International (4), Iran Human Rights (5) and NCRI (6) regularly includes the names of the fatalities and, where ascertained, their ages and the date, place and cause of death. The following list presents the most important published information in chronological order.
Date of death 2022 | Name | Age | Location | Circumstances of death | Ref. [12] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
16 September | Mahsa Jina Amini | 22 | Tehran | She was arrested because a headscarf had slipped and was transferred to a hospital after an hour's detention. She died there after three days in a coma, probably as a result of severe blows to the head. A CT scan of it shows a skull fracture, cerebral hemorrhage and bruising. [21] | [22] |
18 September | Fouad Ghadimi | ~40 | Divandareh | Gunshot wound | 1, 2, 3, [23] |
19 September | Hajar Abbasi | ~70 | Mahabad | Gunshot wound | 1 |
Fardin Bakhtiari | Sanandaj | Gunshot wound | 1, 3 | ||
Iman Behzadpour | Sanandaj | 6 | |||
Reza Lotfi | ~25 | Sanandaj | Gunshot wound | 1, 3, [23] | |
Aysan Madanpasand | Tabriz | Beating | 1 | ||
Fereydoun Mahmoudi | 32 | Saqqez | Gunshot wound | 1, 3, | |
Mohsen Mohammadi | 28 | Divandareh | Gunshot wound | 1, 3, [23] | |
20 September | Sasan Bagheri | Rezvanshahr | Gunshot wound | 1, 2 | |
Farjad Darvishi | 23 | Balo, Urmia | Gunshot wound | 1, 3, [23] | |
Zakaria Khial / Khayal | 16 | Piranshahr | Targeted close-range shots and club blows inflicted serious wounds on him, causing him to bleed to death. | 1, 3, 4, 5, [24] [23] | |
Erfan Khazaei | Zahedan | Gunshot wound | 1, 2 | ||
Farzin Lotfi | 35 | Rezvan Shahr | Gunshot wound | 1, 3 | |
Minoo Majidi | 62 | Kermanshah | The mother of three was shot by Basijis. A photo of her youngest daughter with her hair shaved and no hijab at her grave was widely shared on social media. [25] | 1, 3, [26] [27] [23] | |
Diako Mehrnavaei | Bukan | 6 | |||
Nika Shakarami | 16/17 | Tehran | Standing on top of a dumpster at the head of a student protest downtown, she burned her hijab, was chased by Basijis, disappeared without a trace and was handed over dead to her family nine days later. She allegedly fell from an unoccupied house; however, according to an autopsy, she suffered many broken bones from severe beatings. According to witnesses, she was interrogated by the IRGC and then taken to Evin prison. [28] | 1-5, [22] [29] | |
Reza Shahparnia | 20 | Kermanshah | Gunshot wound | 1, 3 | |
Abdolsamad Sabeti Zadeh (Shahu Zahie) | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Milad Zare | 25 | Babol | 1, 3, [30] | ||
21 September | Matin Abdollahpour | 16 | Balo, Urmia | 3 | |
Fereydoun Ahmadi | Saqqez | [27] | |||
Roshana Ahmadi | Bukan | Gunshot wound | 1, 6 | ||
Mehdi Babr-Nejad | Quchan | Gunshot wound | 1, 6 | ||
Amir Hossein Basati | 15 | Kermanshah | Targeted close-range shots with metal balls killed him directly. | 1, 4, 5, [24] | |
Amir Bastami | Kermanshah | 6 | |||
Ghazaleh Chalavi | 32/33 | Amol | Gunshot wound | 1, 3, [26] | |
Abdolfazl Akbari Doust | Langroud | Gunshot wound | 1, 6 | ||
Mehdi Mohammad Fallah | 33 | Amol | Gunshot wound | 1, 3 | |
Mohammad Farmani | Shahr-e-Ray | 6 | |||
Alireza Fathi | Sanfar | Gunshot wound | 1, 6 | ||
Amir Ali Fouladi | 16 | Eslamabad-e Gharb | Gunshot wound | 1, 3, 4, 5 | |
Mohsen Geysari | 32 | Ilam | Gunshot wound | 1, 3 | |
Mehrdad Ghorbani | Zanjan | Gunshot wound | 1, 6 | ||
Milan Haghighi | 21 | Oshnavieh | Gunshot wound | 1, 3, [31] | |
Saeed Iranmensh | Kerman | 6 | |||
Yasin Jamalzadeh | ~28 | Rezvan Shahr | Gunshot wound | 1, 3 | |
Erfan Khazaee | Shahriar | 6 | |||
Hannaneh Kia | 22 / 23 | Nowshahr | Gunshot wound | 1, 3, [26] | |
Mohsen Mohammadi Kochsaraei / Kochaksarai | Qaem Shahr | Gunshot wound | 1, 6 | ||
Behnam Layeghpour | 37 | Rasht | Targeted close shots in the heart | 1, 3, [32] | |
Sadreddin Litani | 27 | Oshnavieh | Gunshot wound | 1, 3 | |
Amir Hossein Mahdavi | Rasht | 6 | |||
Abdollah Mahmoudpour / Mohammadpour | 16-18 | Balo, Urmia | He was shot from behind while retreating from a Basij office. | 1, 3, 4, [24] | |
Mohsen Mal Mir | Nowshahr | Gunshot wound | 1, 6 | ||
Amin Maroufi / M'arefat | 16 | Oshnavieh | Shot by IRGC | 1, 3, 4, 5, [24] | |
Abdolfazl Mehdipour | Babol | Gunshot wound | 1, 6 | ||
Seyyed Abbas Mirmousa / Mir-Mousavi | Langroud | Gunshot wound | 1, 6 | ||
Mahsa Mogouei | 18 | Fulad Shahr | Gunshot wound | 1, 3 | |
Amir Mehdi Malak Mohammadi | Tehran | 6 | |||
Iman Mohammadi | Islamabad-e Gharb / Kermanshah | 1, 3 | |||
Saeid Mohammadi | 21 | Islamabad-e-gharb | Gunshot wound | 1, 3 | |
Seyed Mehdi Mousavi | 15-16 | Zanjan | Was shot from behind and then beaten up. | 5, [24] | |
Seyyed Sina Mousavi | Amol | Gunshot wound | 1, 6 | ||
Hadis Najafi | 22 / 23 | Karaj | She had posted dance and music videos on TikTok and was shot dead at a demonstration in Karaj. | 1, 3, [22] [33] | |
Mehrab Najafi | Zarrin Shahr | 6 | |||
Mahdi Mousavi Nikou | 16 | Zanjan | Died while being transported to the hospital after being shot in the back and being beaten with clubs to the head and body. | 1, 3, 4 | |
Amir Nowrozi | 16 | Bandar-e Anzali | Gunshot wound | 1, 3, 4 | |
Arash Pahlavan | 27 | Machad | Gunshot wound | 1, 6 | |
Danesh Rahnema | 25 | Balo, Urmia | Gunshot wound | 1, 3 | |
Parza Rezadoust | 17 | Karaj | 1, 3 | ||
Erfan Rezaei | 21 | Amol | Gunshot wound | 1, 3 | |
Ali Mozaffari Salanghouch | 17 | Quchan | Gunshot wound | 1, 3 | |
Mohammad Mam Saleh | Sardasht | 6 | |||
Mohammed Reza Savari | 14 | Hashtgerd / Shahr-e Rey, Tehran | 1, 3, 4 | ||
Amir Hossein Shams | Nowshahr | Gunshot wound | 1, 6 | ||
Pouya Sheida | Urmia | 6 | |||
Morteza Soltanian | Esfahan | 6 | |||
Mohammad Hassan Torkaman | 27 | Babol | Gunshot wound | 1, 3 | |
Mehdi Zahedi | Urmia | 6 | |||
Mohammad Zamani | 16 | Tehran | 1, 5 | ||
Mohammad Zarei | Qrachak / Sanqar | Gunshot wound | 1, 6 | ||
22 September | Kanaan Aghaei | 18 | Karaj | Gunshot wound | 1, 6 |
Mehrdad Avazpour | Nowshahr | Gunshot wound | 1, 6 | ||
Pedram Azarnoush | 16 | Dehdasht | He was fatally wounded as a spectator by indiscriminate ICRG gunfire into the crowd. | 1, 3, 4, [24] | |
Mehrdad Behnam-Asl | Kohgiluyeh, Boyer-Ahmad / Dehdasht | 1, 3 | |||
Mohammad Reza Eskandari | 25 | Pakdasht / Alborz | 1, 3, [24] | ||
Sasan Ghorbani | 31-32 | Rezvanshahr | Shot while helping a wounded protester, beaten in custody, denied medical attention | 1, 3, [32] | |
Arvin Malamali Golzari | Fuladshahr | 6 | |||
Esmail Heydari | Ardabil | 6 | |||
Javad Heydari | 36 | Qazvin | Gunshot wound | 1, 3 | |
Mohammad Hosseinkhah | Mazandaran | Gunshot wound | 1, 6 | ||
Yaser Jafari | Ilam | 1 | |||
Rouzbeh Khademi | 32 | Karaj | Gunshot wound | 1, | |
Shirin Alizadeh Khansari | 35 | Chalus | Was killed by an aimed shot in the head. | 6, [32] [34] | |
Mehdi Leylazi | Karaj | Gunshot wound | 1 | ||
Mohammad Rasoul Momenizadeh | Rasht | Gunshot wound | 1, 6 | ||
Mohsen Pazouki | Pakdascht / Varamin | Gunshot wound | 1 | ||
Maziar Salmanian / Soleimanian | Rasht | 1, 3 | |||
Mohammad Reza Sarvari | 14 | Shahr-e Ray | Cerebral hemorrhage as a result of a shot in the back of the head. Original cause of death listed as suicide: this was refuted by the release of his burial certificate. | 1, 4, [24] | |
Setareh Tajik | 17 | Tehran | She was beaten with clubs in the face, head and body. Her family was forced to remain silent. | 3, 4, [24] [35] | |
Mohammad Amin Takoli | Tehran | 6 | |||
23 September | Ehsan Alibazi | 16 | Shahr-e-Qods | 1, 5 | |
Sarina Esmailzadeh | 16 | Gohardasht in Karaj / Mehrshahr | She was beaten to the head with a club. The judiciary claimed that she committed suicide by jumping from the roof of a house. In order to be able to bury the dead woman, her family was not allowed to open the coffin and had to confirm the information given by the authorities under death threats from the IRGC. | 1, 4, 5, [22] [35] [24] | |
Hamid Fouladvand | Pakdascht | 2 | |||
Alireza Hosseini | 26 | Tehran | Gunshot wound | 1 | |
Seyyedeh Ameneh Vahdat Hosseini | Karaj | 1 | |||
Javad Khansari | 36 | Tehran | 1, 6 | ||
Hossein Morovati | Qrachak Varamin | Gunshot wound | 1, 6 | ||
Hediyeh Naeimani | Nowshahr | Gunshot wound | 1, 6 | ||
Pouya (Ali) Ahmadpour Pasikhani | 17 | Rasht | Gunshot wound | 1, 5 | |
Ahmad Reza Qoliji | Hamedan | 6 | |||
Parsa Rezadoust | 17 | Hashtgerd / Alborz | Gunshot wound | 1, 3, 4, 5 | |
Mohammad Javad Zahedi | 16 | Sari | Targeted head and neck shots | 5, [32] | |
24 September | Mehdi Asgari | 25 | Garmsar | Gunshot wound | 1, 3, 4 |
Mehrzad Avazpour | Nowshahr | 4 | |||
Mohammad Hosseinikhah | Sari | 4 | |||
Hossein Ali Kia Kanjouri | 23 | Nowshahr | Gunshot wound | 1, 3, 4 | |
Mahmoud Keshvari | Karaj | 1 | |||
Lina Namour | Tehran | 6 | |||
Morteza Nowroozi | Langaroud | Gunshot wound | 1, 3 | ||
Reza Saed | Tehran | 6 | |||
Mohammad Hossein Sarvi / Savari-Rad | Garmsar / Tehran | 1, 3 | |||
25 September | Mohammad Jameh Bozorg | Marlik Karaj | Gunshot wound | 1 | |
Hamin Foulavand | Varamin | 1 | |||
Nader Kokar | Rudsar | 6 | |||
Siavash Mahmoudi | 16 | Naziabad, Tehran | Headshot | 1, 3, 4, 5, [24] | |
Milad Ostad-Hashem | 37 | Tehran | Milad was shot as he rode a motorbike after taking part in protests in the capital. His parents alleged security forces pressured them to go along with state media reports that he was a Basij member killed by "rioters" and that security forces threatened to kill their two other sons and bury Milad's body secretly in a remote place if they did not co-operate. | [36] | |
26 September | Abdolsalam Ghader Galvani / Abdussalam Qadir Galvan | 32 | Oshnavieh | 1, 2 | |
28 September | Samad Barginia | Piranshahr | Gunshot wound | 1, 6 | |
Amir Mehdi Farkhipour / Farrokhipour | 17 | Tehran, Keshavarz Boulevard | He was shot with metal bullets and live ammunition. His father had to name a car accident as the cause; otherwise his daughters will be murdered. | 1, 3, 4, 5, [24] | |
Amir Reza Naderzadeh | Nowshahr | 6 | |||
29 September | Erfan Nazarbeigi | Tehran | 1, 2 | ||
30 September | Esmail Abil | Zahedan | 2 | ||
Ali Agheli (Narui) | 28 | Zahedan | 2, 3 | ||
Mukhtar Ahmadi | Marivan | 2 | |||
Lal Mohammad Alizehi | Zahedan | 2, 3 | |||
Abu Bakr Ali-Zehei | Zahedan | 2, 3 | |||
Balal Anshini | Zahedan | 2, 3 | |||
Lal Mohammad Anshini | Zahedan | 2, 3 | |||
Mehdi Anshini | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Musa Anshini | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Ali Aqli (Naroui) | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Suleiman Arab | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Amin Goleh Bacheh | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Amin (Badr al-Uloum Seminary) | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Riassat (Badel) Balouch | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Abdorrahman Balouchi | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Abdolrahman Baluchikhah | Zahedan | 2, 3 | |||
Ali Barahouie | 14 | Zahedan | During Friday prayers in Mossala Mosque, he was shot in the neck and chest. | 2, 3, 4, [24] | |
Abdol Samad Barahui (Aidouzehi) | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Ali Akbar Barahui | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Mahmoud Barahui | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Mohammad Barahui | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Zacharie Barahui | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Mustafa Barichi | 24 | Zahedan | 2 | ||
(Lal) Mahmoud / Mohammad Brahoui | 18 | Zahedan | 1, 2, 3 | ||
Abdulghafoor Dahmarde / Abdol Ghafoor Dehmordeh | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Mansour Dehmardeh | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Musa Doveira | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Mohammad Farough-Rakhsh | Zahedan | 2, 3 | |||
Mohammad Ali Gamshad-Zehei | 18 | Zahedan | 2, 3 | ||
Mohammad Amin Gamshad-Zehei | 17 | Zahedan | On the way home from Friday prayers, he was shot in the heart. | 2, 3, 4 | |
Mohsen Gamshadzehei | Zahedan | 2, 3 | |||
Vahed Gamshadzehi | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Salahuddin Gamshad-Zehei | Zahedan | 2, 3 | |||
Saeed Gergige | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Aminollah Ghaljaei | Zahedan | 2, 3 | |||
Mohammad Ghaljei | Zahedan | 2, 3 | |||
Matin Ghanbarzehi | 13-14 | Zahedan | 4 | ||
Ibrahim Gorgij | Zahedan | 2, 3 | |||
Matine Qanbar Zehi Gorgij | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Amir Mohammad Gumshadzehi | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Ali Akbar Halgheh-Begoosh | Zahedan | 2, 3 | |||
Omran Hassanzehei | Zahedan | 2, 3 | |||
Vahid Hovat / Hout | Zahedan | 2, 3 | |||
Hamid Isa-Zehei | Zahedan | 2, 3 | |||
Azizollah Kabdani | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Nematollah Kabedani / Kubdani | Zahedan | 2, 3 | |||
Azizullah Kubdani | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Sodeys / Sedis Keshani | 14 | Zahedan | After Friday prayers, the police shot him in the head and heart in front of the police station opposite the Grand Mosque. | 1, 2, 3, 5 | |
Mirshekar(i) / Mireshkar | 2 | Zahedan | 2, 4, 5 | ||
Jalil Mohammad-Zehei | Zahedan | 2, 3 | |||
Abubakr Nahtani | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Musa Nahtani | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Abdol Majid Naroui | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Hamid Narouei | Zahedan | 2, 3 | |||
Hamzeh Narouei | Zahedan | 2, 3 | |||
Mohammad Sediq / Sadigh Narouei | Zahedan | 2, 3 | |||
Younes Narouei | Zahedan | 2, 3 | |||
Abdollah Naroui | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Rafi Naroui | 23 | Zahedan | 2, 3 | ||
Hasti Narui | Zahedan | 6 | |||
Musa Dovira Narui | 18 | Zahedan | 2 | ||
Abdol Vahid Tohid Nia | Zahedan | Gunshot wound | 1, 2 | ||
Abdulghafoor Noor-Barahui | Zahedan | 2, 3 | |||
Javad Pousheh | 11/12 | Zahedan | After Friday prayers in the Mosalla Mosque, he received several shots in the head outside a police station. | 1, 3, 4, 5 | |
Aminullah Qoljai | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Mohammad Qoljaei | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Abdolmanan Rakhshani | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Balal Rakhshani | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Jalil Rakhshani | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Mansour Rakhshani | Zahedan | 2, 3 | |||
Mohammad Rakhshani | 12 | Kawsar in Zahedan | He was shot in the head during a police attack on a protest. | 3, 4, 5, [24] | |
Heydar Narui Rashid | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Abdol Majid Rigi | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Behzad Rigi | 30 | Zahedan | 2 | ||
Mohammad Rigi | Zahedan | 2, 3 | |||
Gungo Zehi Rigi | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Amir Hossein Mir Kazehi Riggi | 19 | Zahedan | 2, 3 | ||
Hamid Reza Saneipour | Hamedan | Gunshot wound | 1, 2 | ||
Ahmad (Jamma) Sarani (Alizehi) | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Omid Sarani | 12/13 | Zahedan | In an attack on a protest, police shot him in the chest. | 2, 3, [24] | |
Omid Safarzehi | 17 | Shirabad in Zahedan | Killed by two shots to the neck. | ||
Ahmad Sargolzaei | Zahedan | 2, 3 | |||
Abdolmalek Shahbakhsh | Zahedan | 2, 3 | |||
Abdullah Shahbakhsh | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Ahmad Shahbakhsh | Zahedan | 2, 3 | |||
Danial/Daniel Shahbakhsh | 11 | Zahedan | 2 | ||
Farzad Shahbakhsh | Zahedan | 2, 3 | |||
Imran Shahbakhsh | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Majid Shahbakhsh | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Mohiuddin Shahbakhsh | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Omran Shahbakhsh | Zahedan | 2, 3 | |||
Yaser Shahbakhsh | Zahedan | 2, 3 | |||
Abdol Khaleq Shahnavazi | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Amir Hamzeh Shahnavazi | Zahedan | 2, 3 | |||
Mahmoud Shahnavazi | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Mohammad Eghbal (Iqbal) Naebzehei Shahnavazi | 16 | Zahedan | 2, 3 | ||
Omar Shahnavazi | Zahedan | 2, 3 | |||
Omid Shahnavazi | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Thamer Shahnavazi | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Yaser Shahouzehi | 16 | Zahedan | After Friday prayers, he was shot in the head outside a police station. | 3, 4, 5 | |
Samad Shahuzehei / Abdol Samad Thabitizadeh | Zahedan | 2, 3 | |||
Jaber Shirouzi / Shiroozehi | 12 | Shirabad in Zahedan | Headshot | 1, 2, 3, 4 | |
Najm al-Din Tajik | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Najmuddin Tajik | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Abdul Wahid Tohidnia | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Mohammad Reza Adib Toutazehi | Zahedan | 2, 3 | |||
Esmail Hossein Zahi | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Majid Baloch Zehi (Sheh Bakhsh) | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Mohammad Ali Esmail Zehi (Shah Bakhsh) | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Samer (Sami) Hashem Zehie | 16 | Zahedan | He was shot dead outside a police station after Friday prayers; his family was threatened. | 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, [24] | |
Mohammad Eqbal Naib Zehi | Zahedan | 2, 3 | |||
Gholam Nabi Noti Zehi | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Abdol Jalil Qanbar Zehi | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Khalil Qanbar Zehi | Zahedan | 2 | |||
1 October | Mokhtar Ahmadi | Marivan | 2 | ||
Ali Bani Assad | Ahvaz | 2, 6 | |||
Khodanour Laje’i | Zahedan | 2, 6 | |||
Ehsan Khan Mohammadi | Tehran | 2, 6 | |||
Pouya Rajab Nia | Babol | 2 | |||
Mehrab Dolat Panah | Talesh | Gunshot wound | 1, 2 | ||
2 October | Jamal Abdol Naser Mohammad Hasani Barahui | Zahedan | 2, 6 | ||
Saamer Hashemzehie | Zahedan | 2, 6 | |||
Arman Hassanzani / Hasan Zaee | Zahedan | 2, 6 | |||
Mahmoud Hassanzani / Hasan Zaee | Zahedan | 2, 6 | |||
Morteza Hassanzani / Hasan Zaee | Zahedan | 2, 6 | |||
Zolfaghar Jan Hassanzani / Zolfaqar Hasan Zaee | Zahedan | 2, 6 | |||
Khodanur Lajai | Zahedan | 2 | |||
Salman Maleki | 25 | Zahedan | Gunshot wound | 1, 2 | |
Ali Akbar Rabi’i | Isfahan | 2, 6 | |||
Mahuddin Shirouzehi / Maheddin Shiro Zehi | Karimabad, Zahedan | 2, 6 | |||
3 October | Mostafa Beriji | Zahedan | 2, 6 | ||
Mohammad Mehrdadi | Tehran | 2, 6 | |||
5 October | Nima Shafagh Doust / Nemia Shafiqdoust | 16 | Salmas / Urmia | He died from gunshot wounds from metal bullets aimed at him. His family had to keep this secret and was threatened. | 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, [24] |
6 October | Reza Bonyadi | Tehran | 2, 6 | ||
Emad Heydari | 31 | Ahvaz | Beatings in custody | 1, 2, 6 | |
8 October | Abolfazi Adinehzadeh / Abdulfazi Adina | 16 | Mashhad | 5, [32] | |
Daryoush Alizadeh | Sanandaj | 2, 6 | |||
Mohammad Amini | Sanandaj | 2, 6 | |||
Maryam Ghavasi | Mashhad | 6 | |||
Sajjad Jafari | Shiraz | 6 | |||
Ainaz Javaheri | Kermanshah | 6 | |||
Simeh Mahmoudinejad | Kerman | 6 | |||
Peyman Manbari | 29 | Sanandaj | 2, 6 | ||
Mohsen Mousavi | 30 | Tehran | 2, 6 | ||
Yahya Rahimi | 31 | Sanandaj | Targeted close-up because the driver had honked for the protests | 2, 6, [32] | |
Nagin Salehi | Tehran | 6 | |||
Kamran Shahbazi | Tehran | 6 | |||
Sopher Sharifi | Tehran | 2, 6 | |||
9 October | Nadia Arefani | Fardis in Karaj | Succumbed to serious injuries during a demonstration the previous day | 2, 6 | |
Aref Ashouri | Rasht, Lakan-Prison | 6 | |||
Mehrzad Behrouz | Rasht, Lakan-Prison | 6 | |||
Milad Derakhshan | Rasht, Lakan-Prison | 6 | |||
Esmail Dezvar | Saqqez | 2 | |||
Arian Moridi | Salas-e Babajani | 1, 2 | |||
Mohammad Anoush Niya | Rasht, Lakan-Prison | 6 | |||
Mehran Rajabi | Rasht, Lakan-Prison | 6 | |||
Seyyed Ahmad Shokrollahi | Isfahan | 2, 6 | |||
10 October | Abolfazl Adinezadeh | Mashhad | 2, 6 | ||
Farzin Farrokhi | Saqqez | 2, 6 | |||
Omid Mahdavi | Tehran | 2, 6 | |||
Elaheh Sa’idi | Saqqez | 2, 6 | |||
12 October | Kamal Fegghi / Feqhi | Bukan | 2, 6 | ||
Asra Panahi Jangah | 15/16 | Ardabil | She was beaten to death by Basij because she didn't want to sing along to a propaganda song [35] | 2, 6, [37] | |
Aziz Moradi | Sanandaj | 2, 6 | |||
Sina Naderi | 22 | Kermanshah | 2, 6 | ||
Armin Sayadi | 18 | Kermanshah | 2, 6 | ||
Mehrgan Zahmatkesh | Rasht | 2, 6 | |||
13 October | Negin Abdolmaleki | 21 | Hamedan | 6, [38] | |
Parisa Asgari | Tehran | 2 | |||
Reza Esmailzadeh | Tehran | 6 | |||
15 October | Ali Basaki | Tehran | 6 | ||
Seyyed Farhad Hosseini | Tehran, Evin prison | Evin prison fire | 6 | ||
Hossein Jezi | Tehran, Evin prison | Evin prison fire | 2, 6 | ||
Hamid Saeed Mozafari | Tehran, Evin prison | Evin prison fire | 2, 6 | ||
16 October | Hossein Akbarzadeh | Tehran, Evin prison | Evin prison fire | 6 | |
Atika Gaem Magham | 17 | Tehran | [39] [ better source needed ] | ||
17 October | Mohammad Abdollahi | Ilam | 2, 6 | ||
Hamed Baji Zehi / Zahi (Brahoui) | Zahedan | 2, 6 | |||
19 October | Ali Bani Asadi | 20 | Ahvaz | 2 | |
20 October | Ali Jalili | Tehran | 6 | ||
Ramin Karami | Kermanshah | 2, 6 | |||
Until 22 October | Abolfazl Bahu | Qaimshahr | 6 | ||
Mehdi Farahani | Khorramshahr | 6 | |||
Seyyed Mohammad Hosseini | Saqqez | 2, 6 | |||
Maisam Jafari | 6 | ||||
Rahim Kalij | Qaimshahr | 6 | |||
Poriya Kayani | Shushtar | 2, 6 | |||
Mohammad Khawajui | Dezful | 6 | |||
Sina Malayeri | Arak | 2, 6 | |||
Farid Maleki | Tehran | 2, 6 | |||
Arnica Kaem Maqami | 17 | Tehran | 6, [40] | ||
Messam Moghadasi | Tehran | 2, 6 | |||
Milad Javidpour Mogoie | 6 | ||||
Ezzatollah Shahbazi | Tehran, Evin prison | 6 | |||
Sarina Shiri | Kermanshah | 6 | |||
23 October | Ramin Fatehi | Sanandaj | 2, 6 | ||
Ehsan Khawajui | Dezful | 6 | |||
Nahid Mostafapour | Yasouj | 6 | |||
Mona Naghib | 8 | Saravan | [41] [ better source needed ] | ||
24 October | Sadaf Movahedi | 17 | Tehran | 6, [34] | |
25 October | Parisa Bahmani | Tehran | 6, [42] | ||
Parmis Hamnava | 14 | Iranshahr | 6, [43] [ better source needed ] | ||
Ebrahim Mirzaei | 42 | Sanandaj | 6, [44] | ||
Marzieh Doshman Ziyari | Bushehr | 6 | |||
26 October | Behnaz Afshari | Tehran, Evin prison | Evin prison fire | 6 | |
Afshin Asham | 28 | Qasr-e Shirin | [45] | ||
Rasoul Haddadi | Zanjan | 6 | |||
Hadi Haqshenas | Isfahan | 6 | |||
Mohammad Lotfollahi | Sanandaj | IRGC seriously injured him, transported him to an unknown location and handed him over dead to his family the following day. The dead man had severe neck wounds, possibly from torture. | 6, [46] [47] | ||
Hamid Reza Malmir | Karaj | 6 | |||
Ismail Mauludi / Esmail Moloudi | 35 | Mahabad | [46] [48] [45] [49] | ||
Amirhossein Rumiani Nazari | Tehran | 6 | |||
Ali Rouzbahani | Tehran | 6 | |||
Sarina Saedi | 16/17 | Sanandaj | She received severe blows to the head and died the following day. [47] | 6, [50] [51] | |
Seyed Ali Seiedi | Tehran | 6 | |||
Mohammad Shariati | Sanandaj | [45] | |||
27 October | Ermita Abbasi | 20 | Karaj | [52] | |
Zaniar Aboubekri / Abu Bakri | Mahabad | 6, [46] [45] | |||
Fereshteh Ahmadi | 32 | Mahabad | When the mother of two tried to protect two young men from attacks by the military, they shot her. | 6, [46] | |
Keyvan Darvishi | 18 | Sanandaj | [53] | ||
Fereydon Faraji | Baneh | He was hit and killed by IRGC gunfire in the crowd. | 6, [46] | ||
Shahou Khezri | Mahabad | 6, [45] [46] | |||
Motalleb Saeed Pirou / Matlab Saeed Peyrow / Peyro | Baneh | He was hit by shots fired into the crowd by the IRGC. [54] | 6, [46] | ||
Mehrshad Shahidi | 19 | Arak | 6, [50] [34] [55] | ||
Kobra Sheikheh / Sheikh Saqqa | Mahabad | 6, [46] [45] | |||
28 October | Dastan Rasul Mohammad Agha | Baneh | 6, [46] | ||
Masoud Ahmadzadeh | Mahabad | 6, [46] | |||
Ali Fazeli | Amol | 6 | |||
Kabdani, son of Khodabakhsh | 12 | Zahedan | 6 | ||
Adel Kochakzaei | Zahedan | 6 | |||
Farid Koravand | Asaluyeh | 6 | |||
Omid Narouie | Zahedan | 6 | |||
Amir Shahnavazi | Zahedan | 6 | |||
29 October | Aref Gholampour | Zahedan | 6 | ||
Saman Qadirpour | Tehran | 6 | |||
Diana Mahmoudi | 8 | Piranshahr | 6 | ||
31 October | Kumar Daroftadeh | 16 | Piranshahr | Purposefully shot | 6, [46] [32] |
Jafar Qurbani | Kamyaran | 6 | |||
Moulavi Youssef Raisi | Lashar | 6 | |||
Mohammad Saremi | Borujerd | 6 | |||
1 November | Mohammad Hossein Faraji | Tehran | 6 | ||
Nasim Sedghi | 22 | Urmia | shot | 2, 6 | |
2 November | Momen Zand Karimi | 18 | Sanandaj | He was shot dead at a funeral for Hadis Najafi. | 6, [56] [32] |
Milad Khavari | Bandar Abbas | 6 | |||
Morteza Shirmohammadi | Shahin Dez | 6 | |||
3 November | Shoaib Darghale | Chabahar | 6 | ||
Mehdi Hazrati | Karaj | 6 | |||
Mehdis Hosseini | Amol | 6 | |||
Mohammadreza Bali Lashak | Nowshahr | 6 | |||
Prasto Mouradkhani | Karaj | 6 | |||
Yaser Naroi | Zahedan | 6 | |||
Mohammad Reza Sarvi | Shahr-e Rey | 6 | |||
Mehran Shekari | Karaj | 6 | |||
Erfan Zamani | Lahijan | Shot and bled to death because the perpetrators prevented first aid. Police actions prevented a vigil a few days later. | 6, [32] | ||
4 November | Shahli Bar | Khash | 6 | ||
Sohn von Haj Khoda Murad Brahoi | Khash | 6 | |||
Sadegh Brahui | Khash | 6 | |||
Mohammad Amin Heshmatian | Karaj | 6 | |||
Ali Kurd Kalahori | Khash | 6 | |||
Mobin Mirkazehi | Khash | 6 | |||
Nima Nouri | 17 | Karaj | The teenager was purposefully shot. This gave rise to new protest calls. | [57] [58] | |
Kambiz Regi | Khash | 6 | |||
Sohn von Anwar Salahshuran | Khash | 6 | |||
Mohammad Selahshuran | Khash | 6 | |||
Mohammad Shahbakhsh | Khash | 6 | |||
Yunus Shahbakhsh | Khash | 6 | |||
Rahim Dad Shahli | Khash | 6 | |||
Abdul Malik Shahnawazi | Kash | 6 | |||
Azim Mahmoud Zahi | Khash | 6 | |||
Murad Zahi | Khash | 6 | |||
Saeed Sohrab Zehi | Khash | 6 | |||
Yasir Bahadur Zehi | Khash | 6 | |||
5 November | Maria Gavasieh | Shiraz | 6 | ||
Pegah Gavasieh | Shiraz | 6 | |||
Nasrin Ghaderi | 35 | Marivan | The Kurdish doctoral student was shot in the head several times during a protest, fell into a coma and died in a hospital. Her family was not allowed to bury her in Marivan. The Secret Service ordered a funeral without anyone present. | 6, [59] [60] [61] | |
Mozhgan Kadkhodaei | Tehran | 6 | |||
Abbas Louiemi | Ahvaz | 6 | |||
Mohammad Hossein Salari | Mahshahr | 6 | |||
6 November | Mohammad Ghaemi Far Asterki | Dezful | 6 | ||
Oveis Shekarze’i | Sarbaz | 6 | |||
7 November | Sina Firouzabadi | Shiraz | 6 | ||
Zia Mir Baloch Zehi | Saravan | 6 | |||
8 November | Komeil Amir Khanlou | Karaj | 6 | ||
Mohammad Reza (Hessam) | Tehran | 6 | |||
9 November | Sepehr Biranvand | Khorramabad | 6 | ||
Alireza Karimi | 20 | Arak | Beaten to death with police batons during student protests | 6, [62] | |
Matin Nasri | Sanandaj | 6 | |||
Faieq Mom Qadri | Mahabad | 6 | |||
Hemin Hamzeh | 30 | Sardasht | Killed by border guards in the village of Boyuran | [63] | |
16 November | Kian Pirfalak | 9 | Izeh | [64] | |
16 November | Artin Rahmani Piyani | 17 | Izeh | [65] | |
16 November | Aylar Haghi | 23 | Tabriz | Haghi participated in the anti-government protest that took place in Tabriz on November 16, 2022, as part of the 2022 Iran protests. [66] Government forces began to disperse the demonstration by using violence against the demonstrators. After the intervention of the police, Haghi took refuge in a building to escape the violence. [67] Several officers who were chasing her followed her into the building and shot her in the back of the head, killing her. [68] [69] [70] [71] [72] Her body was then thrown from a high-rise building. [73] [74] [75] | |
dateless | Saeid Iranmanesh | Kerman | Gunshot wound | 1 | |
Omid Safarzahi | 17 | 1, 5 | |||
Afshin Shahamat | 16 | Tehran | Gunshot wound | 1 | |
Jabir Shirouzahi | 12 | 5 | |||
23 November 2023 | Milad Zohrevand | 21 | Hamedan | Charge of murdering a member of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps named "Ali Nazari" | [76] |
Majid Tavakoli is an Iranian student leader, human rights activist and political prisoner. He used to be a member of the Islamic Students' Association at Tehran's Amirkabir University of Technology, where he studied shipbuilding. He was arrested at least three times by the Iranian Ministry of Intelligence, during the student protests over the disputed Presidential Election of 2009. In response to allegations that he cross-dressed as a disguise to avoid arrest, a campaign protesting his imprisonment featured men posting photos of themselves wearing hijab.
Events in the year 2022 in Iran, which is dominated by protests.
On 16 September 2022, 22-year-old Iranian woman Mahsa Amini, also known as Jina Amini, died in a hospital in Tehran, Iran, under suspicious circumstances. The Guidance Patrol, the religious morality police of Iran's government, arrested Amini for allegedly not wearing the hijab in accordance with government standards. The Law Enforcement Command of the Islamic Republic of Iran stated that she had a heart attack at a police station, collapsed, and fell into a coma before being transferred to a hospital. However, eyewitnesses, including women who were detained with Amini, reported that she was severely beaten and that she died as a result of police brutality, which was denied by the Iranian authorities. The assertions of police brutality, in addition to leaked medical scans, led some observers to believe Amini had a cerebral hemorrhage or stroke due to head injuries received after her arrest.
Civil unrest and protests against the government of the Islamic Republic of Iran associated with the death in police custody of Mahsa Amini began on 16 September 2022 and carried on into 2023, but were said to have "dwindled" or "died down" by spring of 2023. As of September 2023, the "ruling elite" of Iran was said to remain "deeply entrenched" in power. The protests were described as "unlike any the country had seen before", the "biggest challenge" to the government, and "most widespread revolt", since the Islamic Revolution in 1979.
Farjad Darvishi, a 23-year old Iranian man, was killed on 19 September 2022 by police in the Waliasr town of Urmia, Iran.
Hadis Najafi was an Iranian woman who died after being struck by gunfire in Mehrshahr, Karaj, during the 2022 Iranian protests following the death of Mahsa Amini. Her death has been widely reported in international media, and like Amini before her, Najafi also became a symbol of female empowerment and the ongoing protests against the Iranian government.
Woman, Life, Freedom is a slogan that originated within the women-led Kurdish movements. This slogan transcended its initial context and garnered global recognition following the 2022 protests in Iran, sparked by the death of Mahsa Amini, who was in custody of Iran’s morality police for “improper” clothing. The phrase rapidly became a universal rallying cry, symbolizing resistance against oppression and the fight for women's rights.
On 23 September 2022, Iranian teenager Sarina Esmailzadeh died of severe beating on the head by security forces during the Mahsa Amini protests in Karaj, Alborz province, Iran, according to human rights organizations. She was 16 years old.
Minoo Majidi was a 62-year-old Iranian woman who was killed by Iranian authorities during the September 2022 Iranian protests.
This is a broad timeline of the ongoing series of protests against the government of Iran, sparked by the death of 22-year-old Mahsa Amini on 16 September 2022. Amini had fallen into a coma after having been detained by the Guidance Patrol, allegedly for wearing an "improper" hijab—in violation of Iran's mandatory hijab law—while visiting Tehran from Saqqez.
Hengaw or Hengaw Organization for Human Rights is a Norway-based Kurdish human rights NGO founded in 2016 for the purpose of reporting on the human rights violations against Kurds in Iran. Their reporting on the treatment of Kolbars has been used by the United Nations. Since 2022, their reporting on the crackdown of protesters in Iranian Kurdistan during the Mahsa Amini protests in 2022 has been used by various international media outlets.
The ongoing Mahsa Amini protests broke out following the death of Mahsa Amini while she was under arrest by the Guidance Patrol of the government of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Reactions to her death and the following crackdown on protestors by law enforcement are both domestic and international.
Kian Pirfalak was a nine-year-old Iranian boy who was killed in Izeh during the crackdown on the Mahsa Amini protests. He was shot by government security forces while sitting in his parents' vehicle during the attack on Izeh market. His father, Meysam Pirfalak, was critically injured in the assault and was hospitalized.
Mohsen Shekari was a 22-year-old Iranian man who was executed by the state of Iran after being convicted of injuring a member of Iran's Basij militia and being accused of Moharebeh, an Arabic word translating to "waging war against God".
Aida Rostami was a 36-year-old Iranian physician who was allegedly kidnapped, fatally beaten, and killed by security forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran for treating protesters who were injured during the Mahsa Amini protests. In light of rising demands and threats on Iranian hospitals and medics to assist security forces in the middle of the protests, Aida Rostami has emerged as an inspirational figure among medics associated with the Mahsa Amini protests.
Mohammed Ghobadlou was an Iranian man executed for his participation in the 2022 Mahsa Amini protests. He was charged with murder and moharebeh, which translates to "waging war against God", and was sentenced to death. He was accused of running over Iranian special police units in Parand city with a car, killing Farid Karampour Hassanvand and injuring five of police units.
Mohammad Mehdi Karami was a 21-year-old Iranian-Kurdish man who was executed by the Islamic Republic of Iran for his involvement in the Mahsa Amini protests. He was convicted of Fisad-e-filarz for allegedly being involved in the killing of a Basij militiaman during protests in Karaj commemorating the 40-day anniversary of Hadis Najafi's death. Karami was executed alongside 39-year-old volunteer children's coach Seyyed Mohammad Hosseini, another man who was also convicted of Fisad-e-filarz for his alleged involvement in the same killing. Both Karami and Hosseini asserted their innocence, and human rights organizations have accused Iranian authorities of using "shoddy evidence" to convict them.
Conservative estimates reported by ophthalmologists in November 2022 stated there had been 580 confirmed cases of significant eye injuries during the 2022 Woman, Life, Freedom protests triggered by the dead-in-custody of Mahsa "Jina" Amini. The actual number of injuries is likely much higher. The widespread nature of the eye injuries across the country and the number of cases reported demonstrates a systematic nature to these attacks.
Nazila Maroufian is an Iranian civil activist, political prisoner and journalist who works for the news media Roydad 24.
The Women, Life, Freedom movement in Iran is a protest movement that started in September 2022 after the death of Mahsa (Jina) Amini, a young Iranian woman who was arrested by the morality police for not wearing hijab correctly. The movement demands the end of compulsory hijab laws and other forms of discrimination and oppression against women in Iran.
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