Developayellidae

Developayellidae
Light and transmission electron microscopy images of Develorapax marinus
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Clade:	Sar
Clade:	Stramenopiles
Clade:	Bigyromonadea
Class:	Developea Aleoshin et al. 2016 ex Cavalier-Smith 2017
Order:	Developayellida Cavalier-Smith 1997
Family:	Developayellidae Cavalier-Smith 1997
Genera
Cubaremonas Develocanicus Develocauda Developayella Develorapax Mediocremonas

Developayellidae (or Developayellaceae in botanical nomenclature) is a family of predatory single-celled eukaryotes. It belongs to the monotypic order Developayellida (or Developayellales) and class Developea, which is part of the stramenopiles. All known members consume bacteria as prey, except for the genus Develorapax , which consumes other eukaryotes. ^[1]

Taxonomy

The first known genus of developayellids, Developayella , was described in 1995. Due to many similarities shared with opalinids and heterokont algae, it was considered a member of the stramenopiles, ^[2] a diverse group of protists distinguished by two unequally sized flagella, one of which has tripartite mastigonemes (hair-like structures). ^[3]

In 1997, Thomas Cavalier-Smith proposed Developayella as the evolutionary link between pseudofungi and opalinids, and described higher taxon ranks to accommodate this genus: family Developayellaceae, order Developayellales, and class Bigyromonadea, in the stramenopile phylum Bigyra. ^[4] The concept of 'bigyromonad' was later expanded to include the class Pirsonea, another group of phagotrophic stramenopiles. ^{[5] [6]}

In 2016, a second genus Develorapax was described, and the class Developea was created to accommodate both genera. ^[7] In 2017, Cavalier-Smith validated the order- and family-level names for this group under zoological nomenclature: Developayellida and Developayellidae, respectively. ^[6] The group was further expanded in 2020 and 2022 with the description of four new genera: Mediocremonas , ^[8] Develocauda , Develocanicus and Cubaremonas . ^[1]

References

1. Cho, Anna; Tikhonenkov, Denis V.; Hehenberger, Elisabeth; Karnkowska, Anna; Mylnikov, Alexander P.; Keeling, Patrick J. (2022). "Monophyly of diverse Bigyromonadea and their impact on phylogenomic relationships within stramenopiles" (PDF). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 171 (107468) 107468. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107468. ISSN   1055-7903. PMID   35358688. S2CID   247815732.
2. Tong, Susan M. (1995). "Developayella elegans nov. gen., nov. spec., a new type of heterotrophic flagellate from marine plankton". European Journal of Protistology. 31 (1): 24–31. doi:10.1016/S0932-4739(11)80352-4.
3. Jirsová, Dagmar; Wideman, Jeremy G (8 January 2024). "Integrated overview of stramenopile ecology, taxonomy, and heterotrophic origin". The ISME Journal. 18 (1) wrae150. doi: 10.1093/ismejo/wrae150 . ISSN   1751-7362. PMC   11412368 . PMID   39077993.
4. Cavalier-Smith, T. (1997). "Sagenista and bigyra, two phyla of heterotrophic heterokont chromists". Archiv für Protistenkunde. 148 (3): 253–267. doi:10.1016/S0003-9365(97)80006-1.
5. Cavalier-Smith, Thomas; Chao, Ema E-Y. (22 March 2006). "Phylogeny and Megasystematics of Phagotrophic Heterokonts (Kingdom Chromista)". Journal of Molecular Evolution. 62 (4): 388–420. doi:10.1007/s00239-004-0353-8. ISSN   0022-2844.
6. Cavalier-Smith, Thomas (5 September 2017). "Kingdom Chromista and its eight phyla: a new synthesis emphasising periplastid protein targeting, cytoskeletal and periplastid evolution, and ancient divergences". Protoplasma. 255 (1): 297–357. doi: 10.1007/s00709-017-1147-3 . PMC   5756292 . PMID   28875267.
7. Aleoshin, Vladimir V.; Mylnikov, Alexander P.; Mirzaeva, Gulnara S.; Mikhailov, Kirill V.; Karpov, Sergey A. (2016-08-03). "Heterokont Predator Develorapax marinus gen. et sp. nov. – A Model of the Ochrophyte Ancestor". Frontiers in Microbiology. 7. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01194 . ISSN   1664-302X. PMC   4971089 . PMID   27536283.
8. Weiler, Bradley A.; Sà, Elisabet L.; Sieracki, Michael E.; Massana, Ramon; del Campo, Javier (2 September 2020). "Mediocremonas mediterraneus, a New Member within the Developea". Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology. 68 (1). doi:10.1111/jeu.12825. ISSN   1066-5234.