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Ponerinae, the ponerine ants, is a subfamily of ants in the Poneromorph subfamilies group, with about 1,600 species in 47 extant genera, including Dinoponera gigantea - one of the world's largest species of ant. Mated workers have replaced the queen as the functional egg-layers in several species of ponerine ants. In such queenless species, the reproductive status of workers can only be determined through ovarian dissections.
Wildlife of Sri Lanka includes its flora and fauna and their natural habitats. Sri Lanka has one of the highest rates of biological endemism in the world.
Diacamma is a genus of queenless ants belonging to the subfamily Ponerinae. It is distributed from India to Australia and contains about 24 species.
Aneuretinae is a subfamily of ants consisting of a single extant species, Aneuretus simoni, and 9 fossil species. Earlier, the phylogenetic position of A. simoni was thought to be intermediate between primitive and advanced subfamilies of ants, but recent studies have shown it is the nearest living relative of subfamily Dolichoderinae.
A gamergate is a mated worker ant that can reproduce sexually, i.e., lay fertilized eggs that will develop as females. In the vast majority of ant species, workers are sterile and gamergates are restricted to taxa where the workers have a functional sperm reservoir ('spermatheca'). In some species, gamergates reproduce in addition to winged queens, while in other species the queen caste has been completely replaced by gamergates. In gamergate species, all workers in a colony have similar reproductive potentials, but as a result of physical interactions, a dominance hierarchy is formed and only one or a few top-ranking workers can mate and produce eggs. Subsequently however, aggression is no longer needed as gamergates secrete chemical signals that inform the other workers of their reproductive status in the colony.
Ooceraea biroi, the clonal raider ant, is a queenless clonal ant in the genus Ooceraea. Native to the Asian mainland, this species has become invasive on tropical and subtropical islands throughout the world. Unlike most ants, which have reproductive queens and mostly nonreproductive workers, all individuals in a O. biroi colony reproduce clonally via thelytokous parthenogenesis. Like most dorylines, O. biroi are obligate myrmecophages and raid nests of other ant species to feed on the brood.
Dorylus orientalis is an Asian species of army ants in the genus Dorylus. It can be found in Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam, China, and Borneo.
Anillomyrma decamera is an Asian species of ant in the subfamily Myrmicinae found from Philippines, India, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Vietnam, and China.
Camponotus thraso is a species of carpenter ant. The type species is found from Sri Lanka.
Crematogaster dohrni, is a species of ant of the subfamily Myrmicinae, which is a widespread species that can be found from Sri Lanka, India, Indonesia, Thailand, and China.
Polyrhachis bugnioni is a species of ant in the subfamily Formicinae, found in Sri Lanka.
Pheidole latinoda is a species of ant in the subfamily Myrmicinae. It is found in India and Sri Lanka.
Pheidole sulcaticeps is a species of ant in the subfamily Myrmicinae.
Diacamma indicum, also known as Indian queenless ant, is a species of ant of the subfamily Ponerinae. It is found from India, Sri Lanka, and Bangladesh.
Diacamma rugosum, also known as the Bornean queenless ant, is a species of ant of the subfamily Ponerinae. It is found in many countries throughout Southeast Asia. 20 subspecies are recognized.
Pranburia is a monotypic genus of Southeast Asian ant mimicking corinnid sac spiders containing the single species, Pranburia mahannopi. Christa L. Deeleman-Reinhold described the first male in 1993, and the first female in 2001. It has only been found in Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, and Malaysia. The species is named after Narong Mahannop, one of the collectors of the holotype, and the genus is named after the Pranburi Province, where the male holotype was collected.
Ramulus ceylonense is a species of phasmid or stick insect. It is found in Sri Lanka.
