Dimorphococcus

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Dimorphococcus
Medeiros et al 2021 Dimorphococcus lunatus.jpg
Dimorphococcus lunatus
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Chlorophyta
Class: Chlorophyceae
Order: Sphaeropleales
Family: Scenedesmaceae
Genus: Dimorphococcus
Braun
Type species
Dimorphococcus lunatus
Braun [1]
Species

Dimorphococcus is a genus of fresh water green algae in the family Scenedesmaceae. [2] It is found as a component of the phytoplankton of freshwater ponds, lakes, and peat bogs. It is widespread, but usually not very common. [1]

Contents

Dimorphococcus is usually found in small colonies of multiples of four cells, surrounded by a gelatinous mass. Groups of four cells are further attached to each other via mucilaginous strands, which are the remnants of the mother cell wall. [3] Cells are kidney-shaped to heart-shaped, 10–25 μm long and 3–8(–15) μm wide. Each cell is uninucleate (containing one nucleus) and has one parietal chloroplast each with one or more pyrenoids. [1]

Dimorphococcus reproduces asexually via autospores, with four spores produced per mother cell. Autospores are released through a lateral tear in the mother cell wall. After release, the empty cell wall gradually dissolves. [1]

Taxonomy

Currently, Dimorphococcus is placed in the family Scenedesmaceae, according to molecular phylogenetic analyses. [4]

One species, Dimorphococcus fritschii, is of uncertain status. The phycologist Chin Chih Jao considered it to have a different structure than other species of Dimorphococcus; accordingly, he placed it into a new genus, Dimorphococcopsis . The species has not been re-investigated and it is possible that the original placement was correct. [5]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Guiry, M.D.; Guiry, G.M. "Dimorphococcus". AlgaeBase . University of Galway . Retrieved 2023-11-24.
  2. ↑ See the NCBI webpage on Dimorphococcus. Data extracted from the "NCBI taxonomy resources". National Center for Biotechnology Information . Retrieved 2007-03-19.
  3. ↑ Matthews, Robin A. (2016). "Freshwater Algae in Northwest Washington, Volume II, Chlorophyta and Rhodophyta". A Collection of Open Access Books and Monographs. Western Washington University. doi:10.25710/fctx-n773.
  4. ↑ Hegewald, Eberhard; Wolf, Matthias; Keller, Alexander; Friedl, Thomas; Krienitz, Lothar (2010). "ITS2 sequence-structure phylogeny in the Scenedesmaceae with special reference to Coelastrum (Chlorophyta, Chlorophyceae), including the new genera Comasiella and Pectinodesmus". Phycologia. 49 (4): 325–335. Bibcode:2010Phyco..49..325H. doi:10.2216/09-61.1. S2CID   85145401.
  5. ↑ Komárek, J.; Fott, B. (1983). Chlorophyceae (Grünalgen), Ordnung Chlorococcales. Das Phytoplankton des Süßwassers (in German). E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung. p. 1044.
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