Gecarcinus quadratus, known as the red land crab, whitespot crab, Halloween crab, moon crab, Halloween moon crab, mouthless crab, or harlequin land crab, is a colourful land crab from the family Gecarcinidae.
Afrithelphusa is a genus of freshwater crabs in the family Deckeniidae. It contains four species, all of which were formerly listed as critically endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). They are all endemic to the Upper Guinean forests of Guinea and Sierra Leone.
Louisea is a genus of freshwater crab in the family Potamonautidae, containing two species, Louisea balssi and Louisea edeaensis. Both species are endemic to Cameroon and listed as endangered species on the IUCN Red List.
Oziotelphusa is a genus of freshwater crabs in the family Gecarcinucidae. Its members are found in Sri Lanka and southern India. The genus was formerly placed within family Parathelphusidae, but now it is accepted that Parathelphusidae is the junior synonym of Gecarcinucidae.
Pseudothelphusidae is a family of freshwater crabs found chiefly in mountain streams in the Neotropics. They are believed to have originated in the Greater Antilles and then crossed to Central America via a Pliocene land bridge. Some species of this family are troglobitic.
Tiwaripotamon vietnamicum is a species of crab. Originally described as a species of Geothelphusa, it is now treated as part of the genus Tiwaripotamon, although it has also been suggested as a member of Hainanpotamon. It is only known from a single locality in Cúc Phương National Park, Ninh Bình Province, Vietnam.
Pseudothelphusa is a genus of crabs in the family Pseudothelphusidae, containing the following species:
Smalleyus is a genus of crabs in the family Pseudothelphusidae, containing the single species Smalleyus tricristatus.
Brasiliothelphusa tapajoensis is a species of freshwater crabs in the family Pseudothelphusidae, and the only species in the genus Brasiliothelphusa. It was described in 1986 from specimens caught in the Rio Tapajós in the state of Pará, Brazil. It is listed as Data Deficient on the IUCN Red List.
Epilobocera is a genus of crabs in the family Epiloboceridae. It is the only genus in its family; this taxonomic arrangement follows the revision of the family Pseudothelphusidae by Álvarez and colleagues.
Neoepilobocera gertraudae is a species of cave-dwelling crab from Cuba.
Achlidon agrestis is a species of crab in the family Pseudothelphusidae, and the only species in the genus Achlidon. It lives in rivers in Mexico and Costa Rica.
Camptophallus botti is a species of crab in the family Pseudothelphusidae, and the only species in the genus Camptophallus. It is endemic to the Nicaraguan departments of Matagalpa and Jinotega.
Chaceus is a genus of crabs in the family Pseudothelphusidae, containing the following species:
Eidocamptophallus chacei is a species of crab in the family Pseudothelphusidae, and the only species in the genus Eidocamptophallus.
Guinotia is a monotypic genus of freshwater crabs in the family Pseudothelphusidae, containing only the species Guinotia dentata, commonly known as cyrique. They have few predators. Found in the West Indies, they are easily caught and thus are used locally as a food source.
Lobithelphusa mexicana is a species of crab in the family Pseudothelphusidae, the only species in the genus Lobithelphusa.
Oedothelphusa is a genus of crabs in the family Pseudothelphusidae, containing the single species Oedothelphusa orientalis. It is known from a single site at an altitude of 1,210 metres (3,970 ft) in Monagas state, Venezuela.
Villalobosius is a genus of crabs in the family Pseudothelphusidae, containing a single species, Villalobosius lopezformenti. It lives in the northern part of the state of Oaxaca, Mexico, on the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, and is adapted to a troglobitic lifestyle.
Around 1,300 species of freshwater crabs are distributed throughout the tropics and subtropics, divided among eight families. They show direct development and maternal care of a small number of offspring, in contrast to marine crabs, which release thousands of planktonic larvae. This limits the dispersal abilities of freshwater crabs, so they tend to be endemic to small areas. As a result, a large proportion are threatened with extinction.
