Dolomedes tenebrosus

Dark fishing spider
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Subphylum:	Chelicerata
Class:	Arachnida
Order:	Araneae
Infraorder:	Araneomorphae
Family:	Dolomedidae
Genus:	Dolomedes
Species:	D. tenebrosus
Binomial name
Dolomedes tenebrosus (Hentz, 1844) [1]
Synonyms
D. idoneusMontgomery, 1902 D. vernalisEmerton, 1909

Dolomedes tenebrosus, known as the dark fishing spider, is a species of fishing spider found in the United States and Canada. ^{[1] [2]} Despite belonging to Dolomedes, it is better described as a "tree-dwelling spider". ^[3]

Description

Female found under a log pile in Ohio, USA

Eye arrangement

Females are 15–26 millimetres (0.59–1.02 in) (excluding legs); and males are 7–13 millimetres (0.28–0.51 in). Leg lengths range from 50–90 millimetres (2.0–3.5 in). The spider is a pale to dark brown colour with several chevron markers and lighter stripes around its legs, similar to D. scriptus . ^[2] The legs are banded with brown/black annulations on the femora and reddish-brown/black annulations on the tibia. ^[3] During copulation, females of the species practice sexual cannibalism on their male counterparts. Research shows that the males' self-sacrifice through consumption by the female increases the chance of survivorship of future offspring. ^[4]

Habitat

They are found in wooded areas and dwell on trees. It will commonly enter homes in wooded locations. ^[3]

Bite

It is capable of biting humans, but typically flees "at the slightest movement". In most cases, the bite is no more severe than a bee or wasp sting. Those sensitive to spider venom may be at risk. ^[3]

References

1. "Taxon details Dolomedes tenebrosus Hentz, 1844". World Spider Catalog. Natural History Museum Bern. Retrieved 2017-09-13.
2. Weber, Larry. (2003). Spiders of the North Woods. Duluth, MN:Kollath+Stensaas. pp. 104–105.
3. "Fishing Spider". extension.psu.edu. Penn State College of Agricultural Sciences.
4. Schwartz, Steven K.; Wagner, William E.; Hebets, Eileen A. (2016). "Males Can Benefit from Sexual Cannibalism Facilitated by Self-Sacrifice". Current Biology. 26 (20): 2794–2799. Bibcode:2016CBio...26.2794S. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2016.08.010 . PMID   27720621.

Further reading

• Bishop, S.C. (1924). A revision of the Pisauridae of the United States. New York St. Mus. Bull. 252: 1–140.
• Carico, J.E. (1973). The Nearctic species of the genus Dolomedes (Araneae: Pisauridae). Bull. Mus. comp. Zool. Harv. 144: 435–488.
• Carico, J.E. & P.C. Holt. (1964). A comparative study of the female copulatory apparatus of certain species in the spider genus Dolomedes (Pisauridae: Araneae). Tech. Bull. agric. Exp. Stat. Blacksburg Virg. 172: 1-27.
• Comstock, J.H. (1940). The spider book. Revised and edited by W. J. Gertsch. Cornell Univ. Press, Ithaca, xi + 727 pp.
• Comstock, J.H. (1912). The spider book; a manual for the study of the spiders and their near relatives, the scorpions, pseudoscorpions, whipscorpions, harvestmen and other members of the class Arachnida, found in America north of Mexico, with analytical keys for their classification and popular accounts of their habits. Garden City, New York, pp. 1–721
• Dondale, C.D. & J.H. Redner. (1990). The insects and arachnids of Canada, Part 17. The wolf spiders, nurseryweb spiders, and lynx spiders of Canada and Alaska, Araneae: Lycosidae, Pisauridae, and Oxyopidae. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada, Publ. 1856: 1–383.
• Emerton, J.H. (1909). Supplement to the New England Spiders. Trans. Connect. Acad. Arts Sci. 14: 171–236.
• Hentz, N.M. (1844). Descriptions and figures of the araneides of the United States. Boston J. Nat. Hist. 4: 386–396.
• Kaston, B.J. (1948). Spiders of Connecticut. Bull. Conn. St. geol. nat. Hist. Surv. 70: 1–874.
• Montgomery, T.H. (1902). Descriptions of Lycosidae and Oxyopidae of Philadelphia and its vicinity. Proc. Acad. nat. Sci. Philad. 54: 534–592.
• Paquin, P. & N. Dupérré. (2003). Guide d'identification des araignées du Québec. Fabreries, Suppl. 11 1–251.
• Sierwald, P. (1990). Morphology and homologous features in the male palpal organ in Pisauridae and other spider families, with notes on the taxonomy of Pisauridae (Arachnida: Araneae). Nemouria (Occas. Pap. Delaware Mus. nat. Hist.) 35: 1-59.
• Sierwald, P. (1989). Morphology and ontogeny of female copulatory organs in American Pisauridae, with special reference to homologous features (Arachnida: Araneae). Smithson. Contrib. Zool. 484: 1-24.
• Sierwald, P. & J.A. Coddington. (1988). Functional aspects of the male palpal organ in Dolomedes tenebrosus, with notes on the mating behavior (Araneae, Pisauridae). J. Arachnol. 16: 262–265.

External links

• Dolomedes tenebrosus, GBIF