Doona is a genus of flowering plants in the family Dipterocarpaceae. It includes ten species of trees endemic to Sri Lanka.
Papilio polymnestor, the blue Mormon, is a large swallowtail butterfly found in south India and Sri Lanka. In India it has bee recently reported from the eastern part of India, from the State of Jharkhand. It is the "state butterfly" of the Indian state of Maharashtra. With a wingspan of 120–150 mm, it is the fourth largest butterfly of India.
The Sri Lanka montane rain forests is an ecoregion found above 1,000 m in the central highlands of Sri Lanka. Owing to their rich biodiversity, this region is considered to be a super-hotspot within endemic hotspots of global importance. These forests are cooler than lowland forests and therefore they have ideal conditions for growth of cloud forests. These forests classifications tropical sub montane forest, tropical sub-montane and tropical upper montane. Half of Sri Lanka's endemic flowering plants and 51 percent of the endemic vertebrates are restricted to these forests. More than 34 percent of Sri Lanka's endemic trees, shrubs, and herbs can only be found in this ecoregion. Twisted, stunted trees are a common sight in these forests, together with many varieties of orchids, mosses and ferns. The trees of montane rain forests grow to a height 10–15 meters, shorter than the lowland rain forest trees. These high altitude forests are the catchment area for most of Sri Lanka's major rivers.
The slender lorises (Loris) are a genus of loris native to India and Sri Lanka. The genus comprises two species, the red slender loris found in Sri Lanka and the gray slender loris from Sri Lanka and India. Slender lorises spend most of their life in trees, traveling along the tops of branches with slow and precise movements. They are found in tropical rainforests, scrub forests, semi-deciduous forests, and swamps. The primates have lifespans of approximately 15 years and are nocturnal. Slender lorises generally feed on insects, reptiles, plant shoots, and fruit.
Anisophyllea disticha is a plant of tropical Asia in the family Anisophylleaceae. The specific epithet disticha is from the Latin meaning "2-ranked", referring to the leaf arrangement.
Doona affinis is a species of flowering plant in the family Dipterocarpaceae. It is a tree endemic to Sri Lanka, where it grows in the remaining lowland rain forests in the island's southwest, often in deep rich soils on hillsides.
Doona congestiflora is a species of flowering plant in the family Dipterocarpaceae. It is a tree endemic to Sri Lanka.
Doona cordifolia is a species of flowering plant in the family Dipterocarpaceae. It is a tree endemic to Sri Lanka, commonly known as red doon. It is native to southwestern Sri Lanka, where it is a canopy tree in remaining lowland humid evergreen rain forest.
Doona gardneri is a species of flowering plant in the family Dipterocarpaceae. It is a tree endemic to Sri Lanka. It is commonly known as red doon in English and rath dun in Sinhalese. It is a large tree native to lower montane rain forest, where it prefers deep, well-drained soils. It grows in disjunct subpopulations at Ensalwatta, Adam's Peak, and Loolkandura at about 1,000 meters elevation.
Doona macrophylla, synonym Shorea megistophylla, is a species of flowering plant in the family Dipterocarpaceae. It is a tree endemic to Sri Lanka. It is an emergent tree which typically grows by rivers and streams in the remaining lowland wet evergreen rain forest of southwestern Sri Lanka.
Doona ovalifolia is a species of flowering plant in the family Dipterocarpaceae. It is a tree endemic to Sri Lanka. It is known as pini-beraliya in Sinhala. It grows along shallow streams in the remaining lowland rain forests of southwestern Sri Lanka. The tree has been extirpated from its original collection locations of the 1860s. Populations were recently found at Ayagama (2020) and Kelinkanda (2023).
Doona trapezifolia, known as තිනිය දුන් in Sinhala, is a species of flowering plant in the family Dipterocarpaceae. It is a tree endemic to Sri Lanka. It is native to the remaining lowland rain forests and sometimes montane rain forests in southwestern Sri Lanka, usually on deep soils.
Doona venulosa is a species of plant in the family Dipterocarpaceae. It is a tree endemic to Sri Lanka. It is native to the remaining lowland rain forests of southwestern Sri Lanka, where it grows isolated patches on well-drained soil.
Shorea zeylanica is a species of flowering plant in the family Dipterocarpaceae. It is a tree endemic to Sri Lanka. It is a canopy tree in the remaining lowland evergreen rain forests of southwestern Sri Lanka, becoming an emergent tree at higher elevations.
Kanneliya–Dediyagala–Nakiyadeniya or KDN is a forest complex in southern Sri Lanka. The forest complex designated as a biosphere reserve in 2004 by UNESCO. The KDN complex is the last large remaining rainforest in Sri Lanka other than Sinharaja. This forest area has been identified as one of the floristically richest areas in South Asia. The forest complex is situated 35 km northwest of city of Galle. The rain forest is a major catchment area for two of the most important rivers in southern Sri Lanka, the Gin and Nilwala Rivers. This biosphere reserve harbors many plants and animal species endemic to Sri Lanka.
The wildlife of Sri Lanka includes its flora and fauna and their natural habitats. Sri Lanka has one of the highest rates of biological endemism.
Dipterocarpus zeylanicus, commonly known as හොර - Hora in Sinhalese and සරල - Sarala or කිරිපලු - Kiripalu, is a species of Dipterocarpus that is endemic to Sri Lanka. A closely related Indian species is Dipterocarpus turbinatus. The Sri Lankan tree is a large tree that grows up to 40–45 m (131–148 ft) tall and 4–6 m (13–20 ft) in circumference. The bark is light pinkish brown or light yellowish brown. Leaves are big and oval, 5 to 8 inches long. The sharp-edged leaves are covered with silver hairs. Flowers bloom in April and seeds have two wings to spread from wind. The bark contains considerable amounts of gray colour oleoresin. D. zeylanicus can be found in moist low country like Ratnapura, Kaluthara, Galle and Matara Districts and also in the Sinharaja rain forest. The tallest trees of Hora in Sri Lanka are found in Udakiruwa village in Lunugala and under great threat of legal/illegal felling. There are many place names which begin with the name of the Hora tree. Even Tamil place names like Norochcholai is said to refer to a clump of Hora trees - i.e., "Horagolla" in Sinhalese.
The Sri Lanka lowland rain forests represents Sri Lanka's Tropical rainforests below 1,000 m (3,281 ft) in elevation in the southwestern part of the island. The year-around warm, wet climate together with thousands years of isolation from mainland India have resulted in the evolution of numerous plants and animal species that can only be found in rain forests in Sri Lanka. The thick forest canopy is made up of over 150 species of trees, some of the emergent layer reaching as high as 45 m (148 ft). The lowland rain forests accounts for 2.14 percent of Sri Lanka's land area. This ecoregion is the home of the jungle shrew, a small endemic mammal of Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka has the highest density of amphibian species worldwide. Many of these, including 250 species of tree frogs, live in these rain forests.
Gyrinops walla is a species of plant in the family Thymelaeaceae. It was described by Joseph Gaertner. The tree grows up to 15m high. Its bark is thin and brownish-grey color. Leaves are 1-6mm long and yellowish-white flower's pedicels are 3-4mm long.
