Doona is a genus of flowering plants in the family Dipterocarpaceae. It includes ten species of trees endemic to Sri Lanka.
The Sri Lankan elephant is native to Sri Lanka and one of three recognised subspecies of the Asian elephant. It is the type subspecies of the Asian elephant and was first described by Carl Linnaeus under the binomial Elephas maximus in 1758. The Sri Lankan elephant population is now largely restricted to the dry zone in the north, east and southeast of Sri Lanka. Elephants are present in Udawalawe National Park, Yala National Park, Lunugamvehera National Park, Wilpattu National Park and Minneriya National Park but also live outside protected areas. It is estimated that Sri Lanka has the highest density of elephants in Asia. Human-elephant conflict is increasing due to conversion of elephant habitat to settlements and permanent cultivation.
Semecarpus gardneri is a species of plant in the family Anacardiaceae. It is a tree endemic to Sri Lanka.
Doona affinis is a species of flowering plant in the family Dipterocarpaceae. It is a tree endemic to Sri Lanka, where it grows in the remaining lowland rain forests in the island's southwest, often in deep rich soils on hillsides.
Doona congestiflora is a species of flowering plant in the family Dipterocarpaceae. It is a tree endemic to Sri Lanka.
Doona cordifolia is a species of flowering plant in the family Dipterocarpaceae. It is a tree endemic to Sri Lanka, commonly known as red doon. It is native to southwestern Sri Lanka, where it is a canopy tree in remaining lowland humid evergreen rain forest.
Doona disticha is a species of flowering plant in the family Dipterocarpaceae. It is a small tree endemic to Sri Lanka. It is native to the remaining lowland rain forests of southwestern Sri Lanka. It is threatened by overharvesting for timber, and by habitat loss by clearance of forest land for tea plantations.
Doona gardneri is a species of flowering plant in the family Dipterocarpaceae. It is a tree endemic to Sri Lanka. It is commonly known as red doon in English and rath dun in Sinhalese. It is a large tree native to lower montane rain forest, where it prefers deep, well-drained soils. It grows in disjunct subpopulations at Ensalwatta, Adam's Peak, and Loolkandura at about 1,000 meters elevation.
Doona macrophylla, synonym Shorea megistophylla, is a species of flowering plant in the family Dipterocarpaceae. It is a tree endemic to Sri Lanka. It is an emergent tree which typically grows by rivers and streams in the remaining lowland wet evergreen rain forest of southwestern Sri Lanka.
Doona ovalifolia is a species of flowering plant in the family Dipterocarpaceae. It is a tree endemic to Sri Lanka. It is known as pini-beraliya in Sinhala. It grows along shallow streams in the remaining lowland rain forests of southwestern Sri Lanka. The tree has been extirpated from its original collection locations of the 1860s. Populations were recently found at Ayagama (2020) and Kelinkanda (2023).
Doona trapezifolia, known as තිනිය දුන් in Sinhala, is a species of flowering plant in the family Dipterocarpaceae. It is a tree endemic to Sri Lanka. It is native to the remaining lowland rain forests and sometimes montane rain forests in southwestern Sri Lanka, usually on deep soils.
Shorea zeylanica is a species of flowering plant in the family Dipterocarpaceae. It is a tree endemic to Sri Lanka. It is a canopy tree in the remaining lowland evergreen rain forests of southwestern Sri Lanka, becoming an emergent tree at higher elevations.
Caryota urens is a species of flowering plant in the palm family, native to Sri Lanka, India, Myanmar and Malaysia, where they grow in fields and rainforest clearings, it is regarded as introduced in Cambodia. The epithet urens is Latin for "stinging" alluding to the chemicals in the fruit. Common names in English include solitary fishtail palm, kitul palm, toddy palm, wine palm, sago palm and jaggery palm. Its leaf is used as fishing rod after trimming the branches of the leaf and drying. According to Monier-Williams, it is called moha-karin in Sanskrit. It is one of the sugar palms.
Kanneliya–Dediyagala–Nakiyadeniya or KDN is a forest complex in southern Sri Lanka. The forest complex designated as a biosphere reserve in 2004 by UNESCO. The KDN complex is the last large remaining rainforest in Sri Lanka other than Sinharaja. This forest area has been identified as one of the floristically richest areas in South Asia. The forest complex is situated 35 km northwest of city of Galle. The rain forest is a major catchment area for two of the most important rivers in southern Sri Lanka, the Gin and Nilwala Rivers. This biosphere reserve harbors many plants and animal species endemic to Sri Lanka.
The wildlife of Sri Lanka includes its flora and fauna and their natural habitats. Sri Lanka has one of the highest rates of biological endemism.
Dipterocarpus zeylanicus, commonly known as හොර - Hora in Sinhalese and සරල - Sarala or කිරිපලු - Kiripalu, is a species of Dipterocarpus that is endemic to Sri Lanka. A closely related Indian species is Dipterocarpus turbinatus. The Sri Lankan tree is a large tree that grows up to 40–45 m (131–148 ft) tall and 4–6 m (13–20 ft) in circumference. The bark is light pinkish brown or light yellowish brown. Leaves are big and oval, 5 to 8 inches long. The sharp-edged leaves are covered with silver hairs. Flowers bloom in April and seeds have two wings to spread from wind. The bark contains considerable amounts of gray colour oleoresin. D. zeylanicus can be found in moist low country like Ratnapura, Kaluthara, Galle and Matara Districts and also in the Sinharaja rain forest. The tallest trees of Hora in Sri Lanka are found in Udakiruwa village in Lunugala and under great threat of legal/illegal felling. There are many place names which begin with the name of the Hora tree. Even Tamil place names like Norochcholai is said to refer to a clump of Hora trees - i.e., "Horagolla" in Sinhalese.
The Sri Lanka lowland rain forests represents Sri Lanka's Tropical rainforests below 1,000 m (3,281 ft) in elevation in the southwestern part of the island. The year-around warm, wet climate together with thousands years of isolation from mainland India have resulted in the evolution of numerous plants and animal species that can only be found in rain forests in Sri Lanka. The thick forest canopy is made up of over 150 species of trees, some of the emergent layer reaching as high as 45 m (148 ft). The lowland rain forests accounts for 2.14 percent of Sri Lanka's land area. This ecoregion is the home of the jungle shrew, a small endemic mammal of Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka has the highest density of amphibian species worldwide. Many of these, including 250 species of tree frogs, live in these rain forests.
A not evaluated (NE) species is one which has been categorized under the IUCN Red List of threatened species as not yet having been assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. A species which is uncategorized and cannot be found in the IUCN repository is also considered 'not evaluated'.
Gyrinops walla is a species of plant in the family Thymelaeaceae. It was described by Joseph Gaertner. The tree grows up to 15m high. Its bark is thin and brownish-grey color. Leaves are 1-6mm long and yellowish-white flower's pedicels are 3-4mm long.
