Duff Beer

Last updated

Duff Beer
The Simpsons television series element
Duff beer.jpg
Mexican Simpsons-style Duff beer, sold in Europe
Production company 20th Century Studios [lower-alpha 1]
First appearance
Created by Matt Groening
Genre Animated Sitcom
In-universe information
Type Beer
AffiliationDuff Breweries
Duff Beer
Type Beer
ManufacturerDuff Breweries
Country of origin  Springfield, United States
ColorBrown
VariantsRegular/Duff Light/Duff Dry (identical), Lady Duff, Raspberry Duff, Out of Control Duff, Duff Gummy Beers, Henry K. Duff's Private Reserve, Duff Stout, Duff Zero (non-alcoholic, retired), Duff Adequate / Le Duff (Canadian Duff), Tartar Control Duff, Pawtucket Patriot Ale (Family Guy Duff copy)
Website www.duffbeer.co.uk   OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg

Duff Beer is a brand of beer that originated as a fictional beverage on the American animated series The Simpsons . Beers using the Duff branding have been brewed in a number of countries, resulting in legal battles with varying results. An official version is sold in three variations near the Simpsons Ride at Universal Studios. In 2015, 20th Century Fox, the producer of The Simpsons, began selling licensed Duff beer in Chile, with a view to driving out brandjacking. [1] [2]

Contents

In 2016, Time included Duff Beer in a list of the most influential fictional companies of all time. [3]

Duff in The Simpsons

Duff is Homer Simpson's beer of choice. It is a parody of stereotypical mass-market American lager: cheap, poor-quality, and heavily marketed everywhere.

The beer's slogan is "Can't Get Enough of That Wonderful Duff", though there are others. In the season four episode, "Duffless", parking lot signs at the Duff brewery have the slogans "It's Always Time For Duff" and "Now Leaving Duff Country". In the first season episode, "Homer's Odyssey", Duff is described as "The beer that makes the days fly by".

Their spokesperson is Duffman, a parody of Budweiser's 1970s-era mascot Bud Man. He is a muscular, bleach-blond, well-tanned man with whitened teeth who wears a blue leotard and cape, red Duff Beer ballcap, mirror sunglasses, and a utility belt full of cans of Duff Beer. He speaks in a loud and overly-enthusiastic staccato voice (like a radio DJ or beer commercial pitchman) and does a lot of exaggerated physical movements like a male exotic dancer - like dancing in place, groin-thrusting, hip shaking, and rubbing his buttocks with a towel. There are apparently many identical Duffmen; however, like mall Santas they never appear at the same place at the same time (so as to not disillusion the kids). One retired Duffman in Alcoholics Anonymous referred to himself as "Barry Duffman", indicating that he had to assume the identity of Duffman as part of the job. Some of the actors who play him have actually died (presumably from alcohol-related causes); their demise was never acknowledged because the character of Duffman is unaging and immortal. At public appearances he is often flanked by a random pair of beautiful, scantily-clad women who act as arm-candy, backup dancers, and assistants.

While Duff Beer comes in several varieties, it is revealed on a Duff Brewery tour in "Duffless" that regular Duff, Duff Light, and Duff Dry are the same beer, although Homer and Barney apparently remain oblivious to the fact. A tasting room contains Duff Dark beer and Duff Gummy Beers candy; it also contains several varieties that Barney stated they had not tried yet, including "Raspberry Duff", "Lady Duff" and "Tartar Control Duff". [4]

In "A Tree Grows in Springfield", Homer asks for Moe's best beer, so Moe gives him a Duff Adequate. [5] In "The Great Louse Detective", Duffman claims that Duff Stout is "the beer that made Ireland famous". [6] In "Homer the Moe", Moe sells "Malaysian Duff", which is made with soy sauce at his trendy bar. In "The Springfield Files", Moe offers Homer a bottle of "Düff"—a variant allegedly from Sweden, but actually just a normal bottle of Duff with an accent mark drawn over the U with marker ( /dʊf/ DUUF).

In "The War of Art", Homer offers Kirk Van Houten a "Canadian Duff", which is labeled as "Le Duff Beer avec Codeine", and has a picture of Duffman in a RCMP uniform saying his catch phrase in both English (Oh Yeah!) and French (Mais Oui!). [7]

In "Burns Verkaufen der Kraftwerk", Homer celebrates a recent minor stock windfall by ordering a bottle of Henry K. Duff's Private Reserve, which is implied to be more costly and of better quality, and which is an apparent spoof of Henry Weinhard's Private Reserve, [8] as well as alluding to Hendrik Doeff, the Dutch commissioner of the Dejima trading outpost, who first introduced beer to Japan.

In the season 21 episode "To Surveil With Love", Duffman makes a giveaway of Duff advertising in Moe's bar while "Get Ready For This" by 2 Unlimited plays on the background, suggesting this might be the theme song for the beer brand or for the character.

Fudd, a competitor to Duff, appears in the episodes "Colonel Homer" and "Lemon of Troy", the latter showing it being enjoyed by residents of Shelbyville, rival town to the Simpsons' home of Springfield. Consumption of Fudd however is alleged by bartender Moe Szyslak to have made hillbillies go blind.

In the Family Guy episode "The Simpsons Guy," it is revealed that "Pawtucket Patriot Ale," the favorite drink of Peter Griffin, is repackaged Duff Beer. [9]

Duff Gardens

In "Selma's Choice", Bart and Lisa Simpson travel with their aunt Selma to Duff Gardens, a parody of the Busch Gardens amusement park, but also containing elements of Disneyland. In the gift shop, Bart spots "beer goggles", spectacles that mimic what drunks see: they make Aunt Selma appear young, feminine, and beautiful to Bart - and also, somehow, alter her voice. Later, they see the mascots of Duff Beer, the Seven Duffs (a parody of Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs )—Sleazy, Queasy, Surly, Edgy, Tipsy, Dizzy, and Remorseful.

In the same episode, there is also a direct parody of the "It's a Small World" attraction at Disney parks. In the cartoon, the boats float on a brown liquid as animatronic children sing "Duff beer for me, Duff beer for you, I'll have a Duff, You have one, too," over and over again. Lisa drinks the liquid in the ride on a dare from Bart, and she freaks out from its hallucinogenic properties.

Other Duff Gardens attractions include the Beeramid, the Beerquarium ("Home of the world's happiest fish"), the Beer Hall of Presidents, the Washing Machine ride, the Whiplash rollercoaster, singing group Hooray for Everything (who sing a politically correct version of Lou Reed's "Walk on the Wild Side" and are based on Up with People), and a direct parody of Disneyland's Main Street Electrical Parade.

Creation

There has been speculation that the name was inspired by one-syllable beer names in the United States (such as "Bud"), and The Simpsons' writers had found the name humorous. [10] However, longtime Simpsons animator, producer, and director David Silverman stated in 2012 that Groening named the beer "Duff" simply for the convenient rhyme in the slogan "Can't Get Enough of that Wonderful Duff". [11] In 2018, writer/producer Mike Reiss stated Jay Kogen came up with the name. [12]

In an excerpt from his autobiography, Guns N' Roses bassist Duff McKagan claimed that the beer was named after him as the writers were fans of the band and he was known for his extreme alcohol consumption and was popularly called "The King of Beers". [13] This is a claim Simpsons creator Matt Groening has called "absurd". [14] In response McKagan has stated that he thought it was common knowledge and uncontroversial that he was the origin of the name, and jokingly called assertions to the contrary "absurd." [15] Reiss again denied the connection in 2018, stating, "No, it was not named after Duff McKagan ... We'd never heard of this guy. Have you? ... It's a cute fake story that McKagan tells." [12]

Moe's Tavern is a very close recreation of a tavern that was a block from the University of Oregon when Groening was there, called Duffy's. [16]

Real Duff beers

Matt Groening, the creator of The Simpsons, said he would not license the Duff trademark to brew an actual beer, over concern that it would encourage children to drink. [17] However, there have been a few notable cases of individual companies and persons who have used the term "Duff Beer" with varying success.

United States

Bilbo's pizza and brewery in Kalamazoo, Michigan also brewed their own form of Duff beer, which had a Homer Simpson tap handle to complete the reference. [18]

On June 1, 2013, Universal Studios Florida began offering officially-licensed Duff Beer in their expanded Springfield area at a replica of Moe's Tavern and a waterfront Duff Brewery. [19] Universal Studios Hollywood also offers licensed Duff Beer products in their Springfield area. [20]

Germany

"The Legendary Duff Beer", brewed in Germany for Duff Beer UG AKE Duff Beer IMG 5244 edit.jpg
"The Legendary Duff Beer", brewed in Germany for Duff Beer UG

In Germany the Eschweger Klosterbrauerei, a brewery in Hessen, brewed a Duff Beer under the German Reinheitsgebot, under contract for Duff Beer UG. [21] [22] It was distributed in many European countries, [23] and in Australia from 2011. [24]

European Trademark

A can of Duff Beer, manufactured by Duff Beverage GmbH Duff beverage GmbH beer.jpg
A can of Duff Beer, manufactured by Duff Beverage GmbH

Duff Beer UG applied for an EU Community Trade Mark (CTM) in 2009, which was opposed by Twentieth Century Fox. [25] In 2011 the Office for Harmonization in the Internal Market decided in favour of Fox, and in 2012 Duff Beer UG appealed to the European Court of Justice (ECJ). [26]

Twentieth Century Fox had itself been granted a CTM for the logo "Duff BEER" for use in several categories of non-beer merchandise. [27] Fox had applied for the CTM in 1999, but opposition from the makers of "Mac Duff's"-branded wine and spirits delayed the grant till 2006. [27] Fox's CTM was cancelled by the OHIM in 2011, [27] following a 2010 ruling by the Brussels Commercial Court that a "Beer" logo applied exclusively to non-beer merchandise was misleading. [28]

In 2014, Duff Beer UG's CTM was transferred to Fox, and the ECJ case was withdrawn. [2] [29] [30] There was also a German trademark registered in 1999 to Duff Beverage GmbH, creating what one lawyer in 2015 called a "very complex situation". [2]

United Kingdom

Daleside Brewery in England makes a beer called Duff. [31] Duff Beer UG's beer is distributed in the United Kingdom as "The Legendary Duff Beer". [32] While news reports of its 2011 introduction mentioned The Simpsons, [33] its own website does not, although it refers to its "iconic packaging" and states "The product has certainly fulfilled its namesake in becoming a modern day legend". [32]

Australia

Can of the Lion Nathan-produced Duff beer Australian Duff beer can.jpg
Can of the Lion Nathan-produced Duff beer

In the mid 1990s, the Lion Nathan brewery in Australia produced a beer called Duff, which resulted in 20th Century Fox bringing legal action against the company. [10] The product was ordered to be pulled from the shelves and destroyed because of the likely association in public mind between the Simpsons brand and characters and Lion Nathan's product, though the manufacturer did not use any Simpsons characters or the Simpsons Duff Beer design. [24] This version of the beer became a collectors' item, with one case selling for US$13,000. [34]

Duff Beer UG's beer was introduced in Australia in 2011. [24]

In May 2014, another incarnation of Duff was launched and sold through the Woolworths chain, but was pulled from Australian shelves on September 8 after a complaint to the Alcohol Beverages Advertising Code adjudication panel was upheld over concerns over the product's appeal to minors. [35] [36]

Chile

The Investigations Police of Chile seized 60,000 bottles of Duff-brand beer in the city of Linares following an intellectual property complaint from 20th Century Fox in March 2013. [37]

Partially due to unauthorized Duff beer in the country, Fox announced plans to sell official Duff beer in Chile starting in early 2016, with plans to expand elsewhere in South America and into Europe. Producing a real Duff beer will allow Fox stronger trademark protections of the Duff name; as a fictional product, it is more susceptible to piracy. [1]

Mexico

In 2006, Rodrigo Contreras, from Guadalajara, Mexico created a business, with the purpose of selling Duff beer. He managed to register the "Duff" trademark in Mexico, as well as the domain name DuffDeMexico.com. Contreras designed the bottle to be identical to the one portrayed on The Simpsons. The bottle can be seen at his website. The beer is currently available at a few bars, but Contreras has stated his intention of selling it at convenience stores and even exporting it to the United States. [38]

This case has been featured on several Mexican newspapers and magazines, but most of them focus on the novelty the beer represents, rather than the legal implications of it. The "Duff" trademark was not registered in Mexico before Contreras registered it; however, Mexican intellectual property law recognizes the concept of "brand notoriety", which states that if any brand is well known by a specific section of the consumers or the industry due to the commercial activities or advertisement done by its owners, they have the right to claim the ownership of the trademark. [39]

Since its inception, the Mexican brand Duff has spread to other countries in Latin-America like Brazil, [40] Chile, Colombia, among others. [41]

France

Duff Beer UG's beer was introduced into France in 2011, though with limited success. [42] Since French television has a strict prohibition on advertising and product placement of alcohol, subsequent broadcasts of The Simpsons have blurred the Duff logo on screen. [42] The name is not censored on the soundtrack, but Duffman was redubbed "Uffman". [42]

New Zealand

While Duff Brewery in Dunedin, New Zealand brewed Duff Beer many years before The Simpsons, after threats of legal action by Fox, they negotiated to rename to McDuff. [43]

Duff Energy Drink

Duff Energy Drink Duff Energy Drink (close-up).JPG
Duff Energy Drink

The gift shop of The Simpsons Ride at Universal Studios sells a canned energy drink made by Boston America Corp. that is designed to look like a Duff Beer can. It is also sold at a limited number of other locations, including Five Below, 2nd & Charles, [34] and in the UK at American import stores such as Cybercandy, and Bootleggers.

Related Research Articles

Budweiser is an American-style pale lager, a brand of Belgian company AB InBev. Introduced in 1876 by Carl Conrad & Co. of St. Louis, Missouri, Budweiser has become a large selling beer company in the United States. Budweiser is a filtered beer, available on draft and in bottles and cans, made with up to 30% rice in addition to hops and barley malt.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Barney Gumble</span> Fictional character from The Simpsons franchise

Barnard "Barney" Gumble is a recurring character in the American animated TV series The Simpsons. He is voiced by Dan Castellaneta and first appeared in the series premiere episode "Simpsons Roasting on an Open Fire".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Santa's Little Helper</span> Dog in The Simpsons animated TV series

Santa's Little Helper is a fictional dog in the American animated television series The Simpsons. He is the pet greyhound of the Simpson family. He was previously voiced by Frank Welker, and is currently voiced by Dan Castellaneta. The dog was introduced in the first episode of the show, the 1989 Christmas special "Simpsons Roasting on an Open Fire", in which his owner abandons him for finishing last in a greyhound race. Homer Simpson and his son Bart, who are at the race track in hope of winning some money for Christmas presents, see this and decide to adopt the dog.

Springfield (<i>The Simpsons</i>) Fictional city in animated TV sitcom The Simpsons

Springfield is the primary fictional setting of the American animated sitcom The Simpsons and related media. It is an average-sized, fictional city within an unknown state in the United States. The fictional city's geography, surroundings, and layout are flexible, often changing to accommodate the plot of any given episode.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Duffman</span> Fictional character and singer from The Simpsons franchise

Barry Duffman, or Barry Huffman, more commonly known by his work name Duffman, is a character on the animated sitcom The Simpsons. He is the mascot and chief spokesperson for Duff Beer. It has been referenced, however, that the corporate mascot "Duffman" has actually been embodied by a number of different actors, though they are virtually identical. He is known for his staccato catchphrase: "Oh, yeah!". He is recognizable by his "Duff"-branded cap, wayfarer sunglasses, red cape, light blue bodysuit, and utility belt stocked with "Duff".

"Dancin' Homer" is the fifth episode of the second season of the American animated television series The Simpsons. It originally aired on Fox in the United States on November 8, 1990. In the episode, Homer becomes the new mascot of the Springfield Isotopes, the town's baseball team, after firing up the crowd at a baseball game. When the Isotopes start a winning streak, Homer becomes the mascot for the Capital City Capitals. The Simpsons move there but return home after Homer fails to enthrall the big-city crowd.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Homer's Barbershop Quartet</span> 1st episode of the 5th season of The Simpsons

"Homer's Barbershop Quartet" is the first episode of the fifth season of the American animated television series The Simpsons. It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on September 30, 1993. It features the Be Sharps, a barbershop quartet founded by Homer Simpson. The band's story roughly parallels that of the Beatles. George Harrison and David Crosby guest star as themselves, and the Dapper Dans partly provide the singing voices of the Be Sharps.

"Days of Wine and D'oh'ses" is the eighteenth episode of the eleventh season of the American animated television series The Simpsons. It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on April 9, 2000. In the episode, Barney realizes how much of a pathetic drunk he is after watching his birthday party video and decides to give up alcohol forever, which upsets his friend Homer. Meanwhile, Bart and Lisa work together to take a memorable photo for a new phone book cover contest.

"Old Yeller-Belly" is the nineteenth episode of the fourteenth season of the American television series The Simpsons. It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on May 4, 2003. Santa's Little Helper fails to help Homer when he is trapped in a fire. He is rebuffed by the family, but eventually accepted again.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The Simpsons Spin-Off Showcase</span> 24th episode of the 8th season of The Simpsons

"The Simpsons Spin-Off Showcase" is the twenty-fourth and penultimate episode of the eighth season of the American animated television series The Simpsons. It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on May 11, 1997. The episode centers on fictional pilot episodes of non-existent television series derived from The Simpsons, and is a parody of the tendency of networks to spin off characters from a hit series. As such it includes references to many different TV series. The first fictional spin-off is Chief Wiggum P.I., a cop-dramedy featuring Chief Wiggum and Seymour Skinner. The second is The Love-matic Grampa, a sitcom featuring Moe Szyslak who receives dating advice from Abraham Simpson, whose ghost is possessing a love testing machine. The final segment is The Simpson Family Smile-Time Variety Hour, a variety show featuring the Simpson family except for Lisa, who has been replaced.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Homer vs. the Eighteenth Amendment</span> 18th episode of the 8th season of The Simpsons

"Homer vs. the Eighteenth Amendment" is the eighteenth episode of the eighth season of the American animated television series The Simpsons. It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on March 16, 1997. In the episode, Springfield enacts prohibition after a raucous Saint Patrick's Day celebration. To supply Moe's speakeasy, Homer becomes a bootlegger. The episode was written by John Swartzwelder and directed by Bob Anderson. Dave Thomas guest stars as Rex Banner and Joe Mantegna returns as Fat Tony.

"Flaming Moe's" is the tenth episode of the third season of the American animated television series The Simpsons. It first aired on Fox in the United States on November 21, 1991. In the episode, Homer tells Moe Szyslak about the Flaming Homer, an alcoholic cocktail of cough medicine and fire that he invented. Moe steals Homer's recipe, renames it the Flaming Moe and sells it at his tavern. The drink is wildly successful and boosts Moe's business, but Homer is angry at him for his betrayal and seeks revenge.

"Selma's Choice" is the thirteenth episode of the fourth season of the American animated television series The Simpsons. It originally aired on Fox in the United States on January 21, 1993. In the episode, Selma decides to have a baby, inspired by her late aunt's advice that she not spend her life alone. She experiences what life with children is like by taking Bart and Lisa to the Duff Gardens amusement park, which does not go as planned.

"Duffless" is the sixteenth episode of the fourth season of the American animated television series The Simpsons. It originally aired on Fox in the United States on February 18, 1993. Homer gets arrested for drunk driving, and Marge asks him to stop drinking beer for a month. Meanwhile, after Bart ruins Lisa's science fair project, she attempts to get revenge by proving that he is dumber than a hamster.

Products produced from <i>The Simpsons</i>

The long-running television animation The Simpsons has featured a number of fictional products, sometimes spoofs of real-life products, that have subsequently been recreated by real world companies attempting to exploit the popularity of The Simpsons. In 2007, as part of a "reverse product placement" marketing campaign for The Simpsons Movie, real life versions of a number of Simpsons products were sold in 7-Eleven stores. Real cans of Buzz Cola, boxes of Krusty-O's cereal, Squishees, and a special edition (#711) of the Radioactive Man Comic were all sold in stores alongside other The Simpsons merchandise.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The Simpsons Guy</span> 1st episode of the 13th season of Family Guy

"The Simpsons Guy" is the thirteenth season premiere of the American animated television series Family Guy, and the 232nd overall episode. It is a 44-minute-long crossover with The Simpsons, and was written by Patrick Meighan and directed by Peter Shin. It originally aired in the United States on September 28, 2014, on Fox, where both The Simpsons and Family Guy have aired since their respective debuts.

"Waiting for Duffman" is the seventeenth episode of the twenty-sixth season of the American animated television series The Simpsons, and the 569th overall episode of the series. The episode was directed by Steven Dean Moore and written by John Frink. It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on March 15, 2015. The title is a play on Waiting for Guffman.

Springfield is a chain of themed areas at Universal theme parks in Florida and Hollywood, based on the town of the same name from the long-hit American television animated sitcom, The Simpsons.

"From Beer to Paternity" is the seventh episode of the thirty-fourth season of The Simpsons, and the 735th episode overall. It aired in the United States on Fox on November 13, 2022. The episode was directed by Rob Oliver and written by Christine Nangle. In this episode, Duffman must prove he is not sexist after Duff threatens to replace him as the mascot of the company. In the process, Duffman reunited with his daughter after a long absence.

References

  1. 1 2 Hagey, Keach (July 10, 2015). "'The Simpsons' Duff Beer Tries to Tap Markets Outside Springfield". The Wall Street Journal . Retrieved September 8, 2016.
  2. 1 2 3 Lince, Tim (July 17, 2015). "Duff Beer launches in response to counterfeits but challenges in Europe remain". World Trademark Review . Globe Business Media Group. Archived from the original on August 9, 2015. Retrieved September 8, 2016.
  3. Fitzpatrick, Alex; Vella, Matt; Eadicicco, Lisa; Peckham, Matt; Pullen, John Patrick; Begley, Sarah; D'Addario, Daniel (June 2, 2016). "The 18 Most Influential Fake Companies of All Time". Time . Archived from the original on June 2, 2016. Retrieved June 7, 2016.
  4. "Duffless". The Simpsons. Season 4. Episode 16.
  5. "A Tree Grows in Springfield". The Simpsons. Season 24. Episode 6.
  6. "The Great Louse Detective". The Simpsons. Season 14. Episode 6.
  7. "The War of Art". The Simpsons. Season 25. Episode 15.
  8. "Burns Verkaufen der Kraftwerk". The Simpsons. Season 3. Episode 11.
  9. Shah, Khushbu (July 28, 2014). "Watch Homer Simpson & Peter Griffin Fight Over Duff". Eater. Retrieved March 12, 2024.
  10. 1 2 "Homer's creators sue Aussie brewery for selling Duff Beer". The Record. Associated Press. April 22, 1996. p. B7.
  11. "Tweet by David Silverman". Twitter. November 12, 2012. Retrieved December 12, 2012.
  12. 1 2 Reiss, Mike; Klickstein, Mathew (2018). Springfield confidential: jokes, secrets, and outright lies from a lifetime writing for the Simpsons. New York City: Dey Street Books. p. 101. ISBN   978-0062748034.
  13. "GunsNRoses Nearly Killed Duff McKagan". Archived from the original on September 5, 2011. Retrieved August 15, 2011.
  14. "Tweet by Simpsons music editor Chris Ledesma". Twitter. November 15, 2012. Archived from the original on January 9, 2013. Retrieved December 12, 2012.
  15. "Duff McKagan + Jeff Angell of Walking Papers - Wikipedia: Fact or Fiction?". YouTube . November 4, 2013. Archived from the original on December 19, 2021. Retrieved December 6, 2014.
  16. "Duffy's Tavern (Eugene, Oregon)". Oregon Digital. Retrieved February 9, 2023.
  17. "Joe Sixpack - Reporting and drinking beer in Philly and beyond". www.joesixpack.net. Archived from the original on November 21, 2012. Retrieved November 9, 2017.
  18. "Bilbo's Pizza In A Pan". www.foodspotting.com. Retrieved January 27, 2017.
  19. "Brew Review – Duff Beer at Universal Orlando". wordpress.com. October 5, 2014. Retrieved November 9, 2017.
  20. "Universal Studios Hollywood - Los Angeles, California - Official Site". Universal Studios Hollywood. Retrieved February 5, 2024.
  21. "Produkt" (in German). Duff Beer UG. Archived from the original on February 29, 2012. Retrieved November 16, 2012.
  22. "Kontakt (haftungsbeschränkt)" (in German). Duff Beer UG. Archived from the original on February 29, 2012. Retrieved November 16, 2012.
  23. "Partner Europa" (in German). Duff Beer UG. Archived from the original on February 29, 2012. Retrieved November 16, 2012.
  24. 1 2 3 Scardamaglia, Amanda (November 4, 2011). "The Return of Duff Beer – Only This Time it's 'Legendary'". The Fortnightly Review of IP & Media Law. University of Melbourne: IPRIA and CMCL. Archived from the original on November 10, 2017. Retrieved November 15, 2012.
  25. Community Trade Mark No. 008351091 on EUTM 008351091 at website of Office for Harmonization in the Internal Market, accessed November 16, 2012
  26. "T-87/12 - Duff Beer v OHMI - Twentieth Century Fox Film (Duff)". Europa . Retrieved November 17, 2012.
  27. 1 2 3 Community Trade Mark No. 001341130 on EUTM 001341130 at website of Office for Harmonization in the Internal Market, accessed November 17, 2012
  28. Vrins, Olivier; Katia De Clercq. "Trademarks, virtual products and Homer Simpson's favourite beer". Intellectual Property - Belgium. International Law Office. Retrieved November 17, 2012.
  29. "Register number: 302008077070". DPMA register. DPMA. Retrieved September 8, 2016.
  30. "Order of the General Court — Duff Beer v OHIM — Twentieth Century Fox Film (Duff)". Curia. Europa. February 6, 2014. Retrieved September 8, 2016.
  31. "Daleside Duff". RateBeer. Retrieved November 9, 2017.
  32. 1 2 "About Us". The Legendary Duff Beer. Duff Beer Distribution. Retrieved November 15, 2012.
  33. Hutchings, Emma (February 22, 2012). "Homer Simpson's Duff Beer Goes On Sale In The UK".
  34. 1 2 Idato, Michael (January 3, 1999). "Sip Homer's brew". The Daily Telegraph. p. 036.
  35. Powell, Rose (September 11, 2014). "Duff dumped: Woolworths' Simpsons beer ruled 'highly appealing to children'". The Age.
  36. "Won't somebody please think of the children… Duff banned Down Under – Hoppsy – the beer blog". Archived from the original on September 8, 2014. Retrieved September 8, 2014.
  37. 20th Century Fox pide incautación de cerveza chilena (in Spanish) Archived March 26, 2013, at the Wayback Machine
  38. Mmmh… Cerveeeezaa…! Archived December 6, 2007, at the Wayback Machine MundoCerveza.com (in Spanish)
  39. "Current Issues of Mexican Intellectual Property" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on March 24, 2012. Retrieved December 23, 2007.
  40. "Duff Brazil Website". Archived from the original on December 14, 2012. Retrieved December 17, 2012.
  41. "Duff South America". Archived from the original on November 6, 2012. Retrieved December 17, 2012.
  42. 1 2 3 "W9 censure la Duff, la bière d'Homer Simpson". Ouest-France (in French). September 18, 2012. Retrieved November 15, 2012.
  43. Simon Hartley (January 23, 2017), McDuffs-calls-'last-drinks', Otago Daily Times
  1. formerly "20th Century Fox"