Black or White

Last updated

"Black or White"
Michael Jackson - Black or White.png
Single by Michael Jackson
from the album Dangerous
ReleasedNovember 11, 1991 (1991-11-11)
Recorded1989–1990 [1]
Studio
Genre Pop rock
Length
  • 4:16 (album version)
  • 3:22 (single version)
Label Epic
Songwriter(s)
Producer(s)
  • Michael Jackson
  • Bill Bottrell
Michael Jackson singles chronology
"Liberian Girl"
(1989)		"Black or White"
(1991)		"Remember the Time"
(1992)
Music videos
"Black or White" (Short version) on YouTube

Cultural impact

In 1991, "Weird Al" Yankovic recorded a parody of "Black or White" titled "Snack All Night", which was never released. Although Jackson was a long-time supporter of Yankovic's work and had approved past parodies, he told Yankovic that he was reluctant to approve a parody of "Black or White" because of the message of the song. [54] Yankovic believes that Jackson's rejection of the parody was ultimately for the best, because he was unsatisfied with the quality of the song and its scrapping left room on his next album for "Smells Like Nirvana", one of his biggest hits. [54] As with other rejected parodies, Yankovic has performed "Snack All Night" during his concerts. [55]

The music video, particularly the panther segment, has been referenced or parodied by television shows and artists, notably by Saturday Night Live and In Living Color . Comedian Chris Rock joked that he was angry because Jackson had smashed his car. [39] In 1991, English rock band Genesis parodied the "Black or White" video during the ending of their video for "I Can't Dance", in which member Phil Collins imitates Michael Jackson's "panther" fit in front of a stark white background. [56] In 2012, the television show Glee covered the song in the episode "Michael", it features primary voices from Kevin McHale, Lea Michele, Chris Colfer, Amber Riley and Naya Rivera, and backing vocals from the rest of the cast. Jenna Ushkowitz and Darren Criss are not featured in the song or the performance. This cover debuted and peaked at number 64 on the Billboard Hot 100, number 42 at Billboard Digital Songs, and number 69 at Billboard Canadian Hot 100 chart at the week of February 18, 2012. [57]

Personnel

Charts

Certifications

Certifications for "Black or White"
RegionCertification Certified units/sales
Australia (ARIA) [116] 2× Platinum140,000^
Canada (Music Canada) [117] 3× Platinum240,000‡
Denmark (IFPI Danmark) [118] Platinum90,000‡
France (SNEP) [119] Silver125,000*
Germany (BVMI) [120] Gold250,000^
Italy (FIMI) [121] Gold35,000‡
Japan (RIAJ) [122]
Full-length ringtone 		Gold100,000*
New Zealand (RMNZ) [123] 2× Platinum60,000‡
Spain (PROMUSICAE) [124] Gold30,000‡
United Kingdom (BPI) [125]
Physical 		Silver200,000^
United Kingdom (BPI) [126]
Digital 		Platinum600,000‡
United States (RIAA) [127] 3× Platinum3,000,000‡

* Sales figures based on certification alone.
^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.
‡ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.

Related Research Articles

New jack swing, new jack, or swingbeat is a fusion genre of the rhythms and production techniques of hip hop and dance-pop, and the urban contemporary sound of R&B. Spearheaded by producers Teddy Riley, Bernard Belle, Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis, new jack swing was most popular from the late 1980s to early 1990s.

<i>Off the Deep End</i> 1992 studio album by "Weird Al" Yankovic

Off the Deep End is the seventh studio album by the American parody musician "Weird Al" Yankovic, released in 1992. This album was the first album self-produced by Yankovic, after six albums with Rick Derringer. Recorded between June 1990 and January 1992, the album was a follow-up to the unsuccessful soundtrack to Yankovic's 1989 film UHF. Off the Deep End and its lead single "Smells Like Nirvana" helped to revitalize Yankovic's career after a lull following his last hit single, "Fat", in 1988.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Eat It</span> 1984 single by "Weird Al" Yankovic

"Eat It" is a 1984 song by American comedy music artist "Weird Al" Yankovic. It is a parody of Michael Jackson's 1983 single "Beat It", with the contents changed to be about an exasperated parent attempting to get their picky child to eat anything at all, much less to eat properly. The track was both a commercial and critical success, earning Yankovic a Grammy Award. It peaked at number twelve in the United States, making it his first top 40 hit in that country, and reached number one in Australia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Who Is It (Michael Jackson song)</span> 1992 single by Michael Jackson

"Who Is It" is a song by American singer Michael Jackson. It was released by Epic Records on July 13, 1992, as the fifth single from Jackson's eighth studio album, Dangerous (1991). The song was written and composed by Jackson, and produced by Jackson and Bill Bottrell. The song's lyrics pertain to despair over being left by someone you love; some critics noted a comparison to the lyrics of the song to Jackson's single "Billie Jean" from the album Thriller. As part of the promotion for the song, two music videos were released in 1992. The song was not performed by Jackson on any of his tours. He did, however, perform a small segment of the song in his interview with Oprah Winfrey in early 1993.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Remember the Time</span> 1992 single by Michael Jackson

"Remember the Time" is a song by American singer and songwriter Michael Jackson. It was released by Epic Records on January 14, 1992, as the second single from Jackson's eighth studio album, Dangerous (1991). The song was written and composed by Teddy Riley, Jackson and Bernard Belle, and produced by Riley and Jackson. The song's lyrics are written about remembering having fallen in love with someone.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">In the Closet</span> 1992 single by Michael Jackson

"In the Closet" is a song by American singer-songwriter Michael Jackson, released on April 9, 1992, as the third single from his eighth album, Dangerous (1991). The song was intended as a duet between Jackson and Madonna, and features female vocals by "Mystery Girl", who was later revealed to be Princess Stéphanie of Monaco. Written and produced by Jackson and Teddy Riley, it became the album's third consecutive top ten pop single, reaching number six on the US Billboard Hot 100. It also became its second number one R&B single. In Europe, the song peaked at number eight on the UK Singles Chart, while reaching number one in Greece and number two in both Italy and Spain. In 2006, the song re-entered the UK chart, peaking at number 20. Its accompanying music video was directed by Herb Ritts and features supermodel Naomi Campbell.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Blood on the Dance Floor (song)</span> 1997 single by Michael Jackson

"Blood on the Dance Floor" is a song by American singer-songwriter Michael Jackson, released as the first single from the remix album Blood on the Dance Floor: HIStory in the Mix (1997). Jackson and Teddy Riley created the track in time for the 1991 release of Dangerous. However, it did not appear on that record and was worked on further for its commercial release in 1997. One interpretation of the song describes a predatory woman named Susie who seduces Jackson before plotting to stab him with a knife. The song's bassline is interpolated from the song "Last Night a DJ Saved my Life" by the group Indeep. The composition explores a variety of genres ranging from funk to new jack swing.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Heal the World</span> 1992 single by Michael Jackson

"Heal the World" is a song recorded by American singer Michael Jackson from his eighth studio album, Dangerous (1991). It was released on November 23, 1992 by Epic Records as the sixth single from the album. It was written and composed by Jackson, and produced by Jackson and Bruce Swedien. It is a song steeped with antiwar lyrics and Jackson's wish for the humanity of making the world a better place. The music video for the song was directed by Joe Pytka.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jam (Michael Jackson song)</span> 1992 single by Michael Jackson

"Jam" is a song by American singer Michael Jackson, released in July 1992 by Epic as the fourth single from his eighth album, Dangerous (1991), where it is the opening track.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Freeway of Love</span> 1985 single by Aretha Franklin

"Freeway of Love" is a song by American singer Aretha Franklin. It was written by Jeffrey Cohen and Narada Michael Walden and produced by the latter for Franklin's thirtieth studio album, Who's Zoomin' Who? (1985). The song features a notable contribution from Clarence Clemons, the saxophonist from Bruce Springsteen’'s E Street Band. Sylvester, Martha Wash, and Jeanie Tracy provided backup vocals on "Freeway of Love".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wild Thing (Tone Lōc song)</span> 1989 single by Tone Lōc

"Wild Thing" is a single by American rapper Tone Lōc from his 1989 album Lōc-ed After Dark. The title is a reference to the phrase "doin' the wild thing," a euphemism for sex. According to producer Mario Caldato Jr., who engineered and mixed the song, producer Michael Ross was inspired by an utterance of Fab 5 Freddy "Come on baby let's do the wild thing" in Spike Lee's She's Gotta Have It, and asked Young MC to write the lyrics.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">White & Nerdy</span> 2006 single by "Weird Al" Yankovic

"White & Nerdy" is the second single from "Weird Al" Yankovic's album Straight Outta Lynwood, which was released on September 26, 2006. It parodies the song "Ridin'" by Chamillionaire and Krayzie Bone. The song both satirizes and celebrates nerd culture, as recited by the subject, who cannot "roll with the gangstas" because he is "just too white and nerdy". It includes many references to activities stereotypically associated with nerds and/or white people, such as collecting comic books and action figures, being fluent in JavaScript and Klingon, editing Wikipedia, and playing Dungeons & Dragons.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Give In to Me</span> 1993 single by Michael Jackson featuring Slash

"Give In to Me" is a song by American singer-songwriter Michael Jackson, released as the seventh single from his eighth studio album, Dangerous (1991). Released in February 1993 by Epic Records, the song peaked at number one in New Zealand for four consecutive weeks and at number two on the UK Singles Chart. The track was written and produced by Jackson and Bill Bottrell, and features Guns N' Roses guitarist Slash. A hard rock song, several critics wrote that the song has an aggressive sexual flavor. It was released in Europe, Australia and New Zealand only. The single release's B-sides include the album versions of "Dirty Diana" and "Beat It".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">D.A.N.C.E.</span> 2007 single by Justice

"D.A.N.C.E." is the second single by French electronic music duo Justice and the first from their album †. It includes edited and extended versions of "D.A.N.C.E", a rougher mix in the style of their earlier releases, "B.E.A.T", and the track "Phantom" which was previously issued in limited quantities twice on 12" vinyl preceding the release of "D.A.N.C.E.".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rico Suave (song)</span> Gerardo Mejía song

"Rico Suave" is a 1990 single by Ecuadorian-born American rapper and singer Gerardo. It appeared on his 1991 album Mo' Ritmo. The track peaked at number 7 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart of April 13, 1991, and reached number 2 on the Hot Rap Singles chart a week earlier. In the song, the narrator tells of his luck with women and his lady-loving lifestyle.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Beat It</span> 1983 single by Michael Jackson

"Beat It" is a song by American singer Michael Jackson from his sixth studio album, Thriller (1982). It was written and composed by Jackson, produced by Quincy Jones, and co-produced by Jackson. Jones encouraged Jackson to include a rock song on the album. Jackson later said: "I wanted to write a song, the type of song that I would buy if I were to buy a rock song... and I wanted the children to really enjoy it—the school children as well as the college students." It includes a guitar solo by Eddie Van Halen.

<i>Dangerous</i> (Michael Jackson album) 1991 studio album by Michael Jackson

Dangerous is the eighth studio album by American singer Michael Jackson. It was released by Epic Records on November 26, 1991, more than four years after Jackson's previous album, Bad (1987). Co-produced by Jackson, Bill Bottrell, Teddy Riley, and Bruce Swedien, the album was Jackson's first since Forever, Michael (1975) without longtime collaborator Quincy Jones. Guest appearances include Heavy D, Princess Stéphanie of Monaco, Slash and Wreckx-n-Effect. The album incorporates new jack swing, a popular genre at the time, R&B and pop. Elements of industrial, funk, hip hop, electronic, gospel, classical and rock are also present. Jackson wrote or co-wrote 12 of the album's 14 songs, discussing topics like racism, poverty, romance, self-improvement, multiculturalism and the welfare of children and the world.

"Dangerous" is a song by American singer and recording artist Michael Jackson. The song appeared as the fourteenth and final track on Jackson's album of the same name, released in November 1991. Written and composed by Jackson, Bill Bottrell and Teddy Riley, the song was planned to be released as the tenth single from the album. However, these plans were cancelled due to allegations of child sexual abuse which were made against Jackson in August 1993 and Jackson's health concerns. "Dangerous" is a new jack swing song which also incorporates industrial music.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Right Here (SWV song)</span> 1992 single by SWV

"Right Here" is the debut single of American R&B girl group SWV, released on August 20, 1992 by RCA Records, as the lead single from their debut album, It's About Time (1992). The song was written by Brian Alexander Morgan, who also produced it. A remixed version, referred to as "Right Here (Human Nature Remix)" and based on a feature of Michael Jackson's 1982 song "Human Nature", was released in July 1993, and charted on the US Billboard charts as a double-A-side with "Downtown". This version, produced by Teddy Riley, became a number-one R&B single, selling 1,000,000 copies and earning a platinum certification from the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). It was also a number-one hit in Zimbabwe. The music video for the song was directed by Lionel C. Martin, featuring SWV riding horses and fishing.

References

  1. ↑ Vogel, Joseph (2019). Man in the Music: The Creative Life and Work of Michael Jackson. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. p. 253. ISBN   9780525566571.
  2. 1 2 Michael Jackson 1992 Lifetime Achievement Award, April 20, 2016, archived from the original on November 18, 2021, retrieved October 14, 2019
  3. ↑ "Q - 1001 best songs ever (2003)".
  4. 1 2 3 4 Buskin, Richard (August 2004). "Classic Tracks: Michael Jackson 'Black Or White'". Sound on Sound . Retrieved April 19, 2022.
  5. ↑ "Black or White - Michael Jackson Digital Sheet Music (Digital Download)". MusicNotes.com. Alfred Publishing Co. Inc. April 2, 2002. Retrieved November 4, 2012.
  6. ↑ Sony Music (2001). "Michael Jackson Dangerous Review". Sony Music Entertainment. Archived from the original on December 4, 2005. Retrieved May 4, 2009.
  7. ↑ Jeans (1993). "Peligroso regreso". Michael Jackson: Un mito indescifrable (in Spanish). Revista Jeans. p. 7. En "Black or white"... el resultado es una mezcla de hard rock, dance y rap
  8. ↑ Halstead, Craig; Cadman, Chris (2003). Michael Jackson the Solo Years. Authors On Line Ltd. p. 40. ISBN   0-7552-0091-8 . Retrieved May 24, 2009.
  9. ↑ Andersen, Christopher P. (1994). Michael Jackson: unauthorized. Simon & Schuster. p. 105. ISBN   0-671-89239-8 . Retrieved May 29, 2009.
  10. ↑ Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "Michael Jackson Thriller Review". Allmusic. Retrieved May 24, 2009.
  11. ↑ Dekel, Jonathan (March 11, 2010). "Slash Calls Michael Jackson Guitar Riff 'Gay' at Canadian Music Week Keynote". Spinner. Archived from the original on August 12, 2011. Retrieved March 3, 2011.
  12. ↑ SLASH – TALKS RAY CHARLES & MICHAEL JACKSON – CMW 2010 INTERVIEW on YouTube
  13. ↑ "Michael Jackson - Black or White MTV 10th Anniversary - November 27, 1991". YouTube.com. MJbr2 (channel). March 11, 2018.
  14. ↑ Jackson, Michael (2000). Dangerous booklet. Epic records.
  15. 1 2 Campbell, Lisa (1993). Michael Jackson: The King of Pop. Branden Books. p. 301. ISBN   0-8283-1957-X . Retrieved May 23, 2009.
  16. 1 2 "Michael Jackson – Black or White – Listen and discover music at". Last.fm. Retrieved March 30, 2014.
  17. 1 2 3 4 5 Halstead, Craig; Cadman, Chris (2003). Michael Jackson the Solo Years. Authors On Line Ltd. p. 99. ISBN   0-7552-0091-8 . Retrieved May 23, 2009.
  18. 1 2 3 4 Campbell, Lisa (1993). Michael Jackson: The King of Pop. Branden Books. p. 302. ISBN   0-8283-1957-X . Retrieved May 23, 2009.
  19. 1 2 3 4 5 Adrian Grant (2009). Music Sales Group (ed.). Michael Jackson: The Visual Documentary. Omnibus Press. ISBN   978-0857122124 . Retrieved January 22, 2017.
  20. ↑ "Michael Jackson's Catalogue Garners Major New Gold & Platinum Awards". Recording Industry Association of America . August 23, 2018.
  21. ↑ Lacy, Chris (November 21, 2016). "Tribute: Celebrating 25 Years of Michael Jackson's 'Dangerous'". Albumism. Retrieved November 16, 2020.
  22. ↑ Archived May 23, 2013, at the Wayback Machine
  23. ↑ Flick, Larry (November 16, 1991). "Single Reviews" (PDF). Billboard . p. 81. Retrieved February 13, 2020.
  24. ↑ Clark, Randy; DeVaney, Bryan (November 16, 1991). "Music Reviews: Singles" (PDF). Cashbox . p. 5. Retrieved October 31, 2020.
  25. ↑ Browne, David (November 29, 1991). "Dangerous Review". EW.com. Retrieved March 30, 2014.
  26. ↑ Jones, Alan (November 16, 1991). "Mainstream: Singles - Pick of the Week" (PDF). Music Week . p. 24. Retrieved October 4, 2020.
  27. ↑ "Picks and Pans Review: Dangerous". People . December 23, 1991. Retrieved November 13, 2020.
  28. ↑ Light, Alan (January 9, 1992). "Michael Jackson Dangerous Review". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on November 22, 2007. Retrieved May 22, 2009.
  29. ↑ Shaw, Ted (November 23, 1991). "Michael Jackson – Dangerous". The Windsor Star .
  30. ↑ "Pazz & Jop, 1991". Robert Christgau. Retrieved January 14, 2016.
  31. ↑ Flick, Larry (January 4, 1992). "Dance Trax: MCA Music's Song & Dance: Firm Showcases Writers" (PDF). Billboard . p. 19. Retrieved October 7, 2020.
  32. ↑ Hung Medien. "Black or white (The Clivillés & Cole (C&C) remixes) in Australian Chart" . Retrieved July 10, 2013.
  33. 1 2 3 Lecocq, Richard; Allard, François (2018). Michael Jackson All the Songs: The Story Behind Every Track. London, England: Cassell. ISBN   978-1-78840-057-2.
  34. ↑ Garcia, Alex. "Michael Jackson "Black or white"". mvdbase. Archived from the original on October 3, 2017. Retrieved June 2, 2009.
  35. ↑ Willman, Chris (November 16, 1991). "Michael's Video Takes Beating; 4 Minutes Cut". Los Angeles Times . Retrieved April 23, 2022.
  36. ↑ Schilling, Vincent (June 27, 2014). "Remembering Michael Jackson and the Racial Mashup of 'Black or White'". Indian Country Today. Retrieved July 3, 2021.
  37. 1 2 "• #multiracial "My Friend Michael Jackson"..." November 1, 2013. Retrieved July 3, 2021.
  38. ↑ "Commando filming locations". IAMNOTASTALKER. August 21, 2013. Retrieved April 5, 2021. Surplus City Jeep Parts" "The Wild Life" "Commando" "Black or White
  39. 1 2 3 4 Austen, Jake (2005). TV-a-Go-Go: Rock on TV from American Bandstand to American Idol. Chicago Review Press. p. 273. ISBN   9781569762417.
  40. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Phalen, Tom (November 16, 1991). "Jackson alters his new video". The Seattle Times. Retrieved July 12, 2009.
  41. 1 2 3 4 Pareles, Jon (November 16, 1991). "Review/Rock, New Video Opens the Jackson Blitz". The New York Times. Retrieved July 12, 2009.
  42. ↑ Simpson, Interviews by Dave (February 4, 2014). "How we made Top of the Pops". The Guardian. ISSN   0261-3077 . Retrieved September 20, 2016.
  43. ↑ "Sri Lankan dancer Yamuna Sangarasivam danced with Michael Jackson". Sri Lanka Foundation. Retrieved March 29, 2020.
  44. 1 2 Matters of Gravity: Special Effects and Supermen in the 20th Century. Duke University Press. July 21, 2003. ISBN   9780822384892.
  45. ↑ "See what prepared Tyra Banks for her new role as 'DWTS' host". Entertainment Weekly .
  46. 1 2 Pareles, Jon (November 16, 1991). "Review/Rock; New Video Opens the Jackson Blitz". The New York Times.
  47. ↑ d&#39, Jermaine. "'I'm Not Gonna Spend My Life Being a Colour': The interaction of racism between Michael Jackson and the mass-media through Michael Jackson's 'Black or White'".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  48. ↑ Epic / 657598 7
  49. ↑ Epic / 657598 6
  50. ↑ Epic / 657731 6
  51. ↑ Epic / 49 74099
  52. ↑ Epic / 657598 2
  53. ↑ Epic / 657731 2
  54. 1 2 Weingarten, Christopher R. (October 11, 2012). "'Weird Al' Yankovic Looks Back At 20 Years Of 'Smells Like Nirvana' | SPIN". SPIN. Retrieved August 8, 2016.
  55. ↑ ""Weird Al" Yankovic: Concert Set Lists". Weirdal.com. Archived from the original on July 22, 2011. Retrieved 2011-07-26.
  56. ↑ Video on YouTube [ dead link ]
  57. ↑ Gary Trust (February 10, 2012). "Weekly Chart Notes: Madonna, Michael Jackson, 'Godspell'". Billboard. Retrieved February 13, 2012.
  58. ↑ Taete, Jamie Lee Curtis (May 5, 2015). "Meet the Mystery Man Who Rapped on Michael Jackson's 'Black or White'". Vice . Retrieved December 8, 2015.
  59. ↑ Riley, Teddy (September 22, 2022). "Teddy Riley on Producing Michael Jackson's 'Remember the Time'". YouTube . Retrieved January 10, 2022.
  60. 1 2 "Michael Jackson – Black Or White". ARIA Top 50 Singles.
  61. 1 2 "Michael Jackson – Black Or White" (in German). Ö3 Austria Top 40.
  62. ↑ "Michael Jackson – Black Or White" (in Dutch). Ultratop 50.
  63. 1 2 Lwin, Nanda (2000). Top 40 Hits: The Essential Chart Guide. Music Data Canada. p. 142. ISBN   1-896594-13-1.
  64. ↑ "Top RPM Singles: Issue 2030." RPM . Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved November 23, 2019.
  65. ↑ "Top RPM Adult Contemporary: Issue 2037." RPM . Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved November 23, 2019.
  66. ↑ "Top RPM Dance/Urban: Issue 2026." RPM . Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved November 23, 2019.
  67. ↑ "European Dance Radio" (PDF). Music & Media . December 21, 1991. p. 41. Retrieved October 23, 2021.
  68. 1 2 Pennanen, Timo (2021). "Michael Jackson". Sisältää hitin - 2. laitos Levyt ja esittäjät Suomen musiikkilistoilla 1.1.1960–30.6.2021 (PDF). Helsinki: Kustannusosakeyhtiö Otava. p. 113. Retrieved May 29, 2022.
  69. 1 2 "Michael Jackson – Black Or White" (in French). Les classement single.
  70. ↑ "Black or White in Germany". GfK Entertainment Charts. Retrieved January 6, 2019.
  71. ↑ "Top 10 Sales in Europe" (PDF). Music & Media . January 18, 1992. Retrieved March 20, 2018.
  72. 1 2 "Black or white in Irish Chart". IRMA. Archived from the original on January 5, 2010. Retrieved July 11, 2013. Only results when searching "Black or white"
  73. ↑ "Top 10 Sales in Europe" (PDF). Music & Media . Vol. 8, no. 48. November 30, 2019. p. 22. Retrieved November 23, 2019.
  74. ↑ "Nederlandse Top 40 – Michael Jackson" (in Dutch). Dutch Top 40.
  75. 1 2 3 "Michael Jackson – Black Or White" (in Dutch). Single Top 100.
  76. 1 2 "Michael Jackson – Black Or White". Top 40 Singles.
  77. 1 2 "Michael Jackson – Black Or White". VG-lista.
  78. ↑ "Discos populares en Latinoamérica". El Siglo de Torreón (in Spanish). December 20, 1991. Retrieved August 10, 2021.
  79. ↑ "Top 10 Sales in Europe" (PDF). Music & Media . February 1, 1992. Retrieved March 20, 2018.
  80. ↑ Salaverri, Fernando (September 2005). Sólo éxitos: año a año, 1959–2002 (1st ed.). Spain: Fundación Autor-SGAE. ISBN   84-8048-639-2.
  81. 1 2 "Michael Jackson – Black Or White". Singles Top 100.
  82. 1 2 "Michael Jackson – Black Or White". Swiss Singles Chart.
  83. ↑ Craig Halstead, Chris Cadman (2003). Authors On Line Ltd (ed.). Michael Jackson the Solo Years. Authors On Line. p. 99. ISBN   978-0755200917.
  84. ↑ "Michael Jackson: Artist Chart History". Official Charts Company. Retrieved July 11, 2013.
  85. ↑ "Top 60 Dance Singles" (PDF). Music Week . January 18, 1992. p. 20. Retrieved September 28, 2020.
  86. ↑ "Discos más populares en Mexico". El Siglo de Torreón (in Spanish): 56. May 24, 1992. Retrieved August 6, 2021.
  87. ↑ "Michael Jackson Chart History (Hot 100)". Billboard. Retrieved May 28, 2017.
  88. ↑ "Michael Jackson Chart History (Adult Contemporary)". Billboard. Retrieved May 28, 2017.
  89. ↑ "Michael Jackson Chart History (Dance Club Songs)". Billboard. Retrieved May 28, 2017.
  90. 1 2 3 "Dangerous awards on AllMusic". AllMusic. Retrieved July 11, 2013.
  91. ↑ "Michael Jackson Chart History (Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs)". Billboard. Retrieved May 28, 2017.
  92. 1 2 "Michael Jackson – Black Or White". Top Digital Download.
  93. 1 2 "Michael Jackson – Black Or White" Canciones Top 50.
  94. 1 2 "Michael Jackson". Official Charts Company . Retrieved July 11, 2013.
  95. ↑ "Michael Jackson – Black Or White". Tracklisten.
  96. ↑ "European Hot 100". Billboard . July 25, 2009. Retrieved November 2, 2010.
  97. ↑ "Download French Single Top 50". France. lescharts. Retrieved December 30, 2009.
  98. ↑ "Hungarian Singles Chart Archives". MAHASZ . Retrieved February 3, 2011.
  99. ↑ "Listy bestsellerów, wyróżnienia :: Związek Producentów Audio-Video". Polish Airplay Top 100. Retrieved November 28, 2016.
  100. ↑ "ARIA End Of Year Singles 1991". Australian Recording Industry Association. 1992. Retrieved January 26, 2018.
  101. ↑ "Top 100-Jaaroverzicht van 1991". Dutch Top 40. Retrieved March 27, 2020.
  102. ↑ "Jaaroverzichten – Single 1991". dutchcharts.nl. Retrieved March 27, 2020.
  103. ↑ "Top Selling Singles of 1991" . Retrieved April 29, 2016.
  104. ↑ "1991 Top 100 Singles". Music Week . London, England: Spotlight Publications. January 11, 1992. p. 20.
  105. ↑ Ryan, Gavin (2011). Australia's Music Charts 1988-2010. Mt. Martha, VIC, Australia: Moonlight Publishing.
  106. ↑ "Jahreshitparade Singles 1992". austriancharts.at. Retrieved March 27, 2020.
  107. ↑ "Jaaroverzichten 1992". Ultratop. Retrieved March 27, 2020.
  108. ↑ "1992 Year-End Sales Charts" (PDF). Music & Media . Vol. 9, no. 51/52. December 19, 1992. p. 17. Retrieved February 11, 2021.
  109. ↑ "Top 100 Single-Jahrescharts". GfK Entertainment (in German). offiziellecharts.de. Retrieved December 5, 2015.
  110. ↑ "Schweizer Jahreshitparade 1992". hitparade.ch. Retrieved March 27, 2020.
  111. ↑ "Billboard Top 100 – 1992". Archived from the original on July 8, 2009. Retrieved July 30, 2010.
  112. ↑ "Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs – Year-End 1992". Billboard. January 2, 2013. Retrieved October 22, 2020.
  113. ↑ "ultratop.be - Ultratop Nineties500". www.ultratop.be. Archived from the original on February 11, 2018.
  114. ↑ Lwin, Nanda. "Top 100 singles of the 1990s". Jam! . Archived from the original on August 29, 2000. Retrieved March 26, 2022.
  115. ↑ Geoff Mayfield (December 25, 1999). "1999 The Year in Music Totally '90s: Diary of a Decade – The listing of Top Pop Albums of the '90s & Hot 100 Singles of the '90s". Billboard . Retrieved October 15, 2010.
  116. ↑ Ryan, Gavin (2011). Australia's Music Charts 1988–2010 (PDF ed.). Mt Martha, Victoria, Australia: Moonlight Publishing. p. 140.
  117. ↑ "Canadian single certifications – Michael Jackson – Black or White". Music Canada . Retrieved December 24, 2024.
  118. ↑ "Danish single certifications – Michael Jackson – Black or White". IFPI Danmark . Retrieved May 30, 2023.
  119. ↑ "French single certifications – Michael Jackson – Black or White" (in French). InfoDisc. Retrieved November 9, 2021.Select MICHAEL JACKSON and click OK. 
  120. ↑ "Gold-/Platin-Datenbank (Michael Jackson; 'Black or White')" (in German). Bundesverband Musikindustrie . Retrieved December 30, 2020.
  121. ↑ "Italian single certifications – Michael Jackson – Black or White" (in Italian). Federazione Industria Musicale Italiana . Retrieved August 23, 2021. Select "2021" in the "Anno" drop-down menu. Type "Black or White" in the "Filtra" field. Select "Singoli" under "Sezione".
  122. ↑ "Japanese ringtone certifications – Michael Jackson – Black or White" (in Japanese). Recording Industry Association of Japan . Retrieved December 30, 2020.Select 2010年3月 on the drop-down menu
  123. ↑ "New Zealand single certifications – Michael Jackson – Black or White". Radioscope. Retrieved December 16, 2024.Type Black or White in the "Search:" field.
  124. ↑ "Spanish single certifications – Michael Jackson – Black or White". El portal de Música. Productores de Música de España . Retrieved January 17, 2024.
  125. ↑ "British single certifications – Michael Jackson – Black or White". British Phonographic Industry . Retrieved December 30, 2020.
  126. ↑ "British single certifications – Michael Jackson – Black or White". British Phonographic Industry . Retrieved May 5, 2023.
  127. ↑ "American single certifications – Michael Jackson – Black or White". Recording Industry Association of America . Retrieved May 19, 2022.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.