Bad (Michael Jackson song)

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Michael Jackson wrote and recorded "Bad" in 1986. It was co-produced by Jackson and Quincy Jones, and included on his seventh studio album, Bad , in 1987.

Jackson planned to duet on "Bad" with Prince, but Prince declined the invitation; [2] [3] in a later interview, Prince said: "The first line of that song is 'your butt is mine'. Then I said 'Who's going to sing that to who?' ... because you sure aren't singing that to me, and I sure ain't singing it to you." [4] Prince instead submitted his song "Wouldn't You Love to Love Me", but Jackson rejected it, so it was instead given to Taja Sevelle.

In Jackson's 1988 autobiography Moonwalk , Jackson wrote:

"Bad" is a song about the street. It's about this kid from a bad neighborhood who gets to go away to a private school. He comes back to the old neighborhood when he's on a break from school and the kids from the neighborhood start giving him trouble. He sings, "I'm bad, you're bad, who's bad, who's the best?" He's saying when you're strong and good, then you're bad. [5]

In a 1988 interview with Ebony and Jet magazines, Jackson said he was inspired by a true story that he had read about in either Time or Newsweek . [6] Jackson stated that the story was about a student who went to school in upstate New York, who was "from the ghetto", had tried to make something of his life and planned to leave all of his friends behind when he returned from Thanksgiving break. [6] He added that the student's friends' jealousy resulted in them killing the student; Jackson stated that the student's death was not included in the music video. [6] Various Jackson biographers have concluded that the story he was referring was that of Edmund Perry. However, Perry was not killed by kids in his neighborhood; he was killed by a plainclothes police officer when Perry and his brother allegedly attacked and badly beat the officer in a mugging attempt. [7] [8]

Composition

The song is written in the key of B♭ minor with a time signature in common time. [9] The pitch is raised almost a quarter of a whole tone from standard pitch, A440 Hz, up to circa A454 Hz. Jackson's vocal range spans from A♭3 to B♭ 5. [9] The track has a tempo of 114 beats per minute. [9] The main bassline is based in the pentatonic blues scale.

"Bad" was viewed as a revived "Hit the Road Jack" progression. [10] Davitt Sigerson wrote in Rolling Stone magazine, "When Jackson declares that 'the whole world has to answer right now,' he is not boasting but making a statement of fact regarding his extraordinary stardom. If anything, he is scorning the self-coronation of lesser funk royals and inviting his fickle public to spurn him if it dare." [10] Sigerson compared the track to material by James Brown, whose "It's a Man's Man's Man's World" is openly referenced by the four chromatic note brass introduction to the song. [10] Lyrically, "Bad" pertains to proving to people that you are tough by boasting, with Jackson asking "who's bad?" [10]

Chart performance

"Bad" charted within the top ten, at number eight, on the Billboard Hot 100 on October 10, 1987 [11] and peaked at number one on October 24, 1987. [12] "Bad" stayed at the top position for two consecutive weeks. [13] "Bad" was Jackson's Bad album's second number one single on the Billboard Hot 100, and Jackson's eighth number one entry on the chart. The track also charted on the Billboard Hot R&B Singles and Billboard Hot Dance Club Play at number one. [14] "Bad" was commercially successful internationally, generally charting within the top ten, and reaching the top position on some charts. "Bad" debuted at number five on the United Kingdom charts on September 26, 1987. The following week, the song charted at its peak position of number three, where it remained for two weeks. "Bad" remained within the chart's top ten positions for four weeks, and charted within the top 100 for a total of eleven weeks in 1987. "Bad" peaked at number five on Canadian music charts on November 7, 1987. "Bad" peaked at number four in Sweden on October 14, 1987. The song spent four weeks within the chart's top ten. On October 3, "Bad" debuted at number nine in France, and after six weeks of charting within the top ten, the song peaked at number four on November 14. [15] "Bad" debuted on New Zealand music charts at number four on October 18, and the following week moved to its peak position of number two. The song then stayed within the top ten for the next five weeks. The track charted within the top fifty positions for fifteen weeks in 1987 and 1988.

The song also charted at number two in Norway in the thirty-ninth week of 1987, and charted within the top ten positions for eight weeks in 1987. [15] The song was also very successful on the Australian music charts, peaking at number four. [15] "Bad" debuted on Austrian charts at number ten on November 1, 1987. The following week the song charted out of the top ten and the next week returned to the top ten at number nine, which was its peak position. The song debuted at number eighty-seven in Dutch on September 9, 1987. The following week, the song moved up to number eleven, which was seventy-three positions higher than its previous week. The song peaked at number one, and remained at the top position for two consecutive weeks. In 2006, Jackson's music re-entered charts following his music being re-issued for his Visionary album. The track entered Spanish charts for the first time on April 4, 2006, and debuted at the top position. "Bad" remained within the top twenty positions for nine consecutive weeks. The song debuted at its peak position at number five in Italy on April 6. After Jackson's death in June 2009, his music re-entered charts again worldwide. In July, the track peaked at number eleven in Italy, number twenty in Spain, number twenty-five in Sweden, number thirty-seven in Denmark [15] and number forty in the United Kingdom.

Critical reception

"Bad" was well received by contemporary music critics. Some critics noted that the song helped Jackson's image become more edgy. Davitt Sigerson, a writer for Rolling Stone magazine, commented that the track" needs no "defense" and he generally praised Jackson's vocal performance in the song. [10] Stephen Thomas Erlewine of AllMusic listed "Bad", along with two other songs from the album, as being top picks from the album's eleven tracks. [16] In separate review of the song, Erlewine commented that Jackson's vocals "sounded like [he was] the love child of James Brown and Mavis Staples" and added that "musically speaking, in this case, 'Bad' is very good". [17] He also noted that the track's "authority and boasting helped to humanize" Jackson and "changed his image", remarking that it was "fun hearing him talking trash and being his own bigger booster". [17] Jennifer Clay of Yahoo Music noted that while Jackson's new edgier image was a "little hard to swallow", the image worked musically on the album's songs "Bad", "Man in the Mirror", and "Dirty Diana". [18]

Music video

Jackson and background dancers in the "Bad" music video. Wearing clothing with a noticeable amount of buckles, Jackson showcased his "street-tough and edgy" image for the first time. The video was heavily influenced by the 1961 film West Side Story. MJBadVideo.jpg
Jackson and background dancers in the "Bad" music video. Wearing clothing with a noticeable amount of buckles, Jackson showcased his "street-tough and edgy" image for the first time. The video was heavily influenced by the 1961 film West Side Story .

The full music video for "Bad" is an 18-minute short film written by novelist and screenwriter Richard Price, shot by Michael Chapman, and directed by Martin Scorsese. The video was shot in Brooklyn over a 6-week period during November and December 1986. [20] [21] The video has many references to the 1961 film West Side Story , especially the "Cool" sequence. [22] The video used a different version of the song as opposed to the commercially released version. This version, using a different organ solo in the middle, hasn't been commercially released as of yet.

In the video, Jackson portrays a teenager named Darryl, who has just completed a term at an expensive private school. He returns to the city and takes the subway back to his neglected neighborhood. Darryl finds his home empty, but is later greeted by his old gang-friends, led by "Mini Max" (a then mostly unknown Wesley Snipes). At first, relations are friendly but slightly awkward, as the gang starts to realize how much Darryl has changed and how uncomfortable he has become with their criminal activities. Darryl later takes the gang to the subway station (Hoyt–Schermerhorn Streets in Brooklyn) in an attempt to show them that he is still "bad" by attempting to rob an elderly man. He has a change of heart at the last minute and Max chastises him, telling Darryl he is no longer bad. With Darryl provoked, the video then cuts to him and a group of street youths dancing while he sings the song "Bad". Darryl insists that Max is headed for a fall which is nearly Darryl's undoing. Eventually, Max accepts that Darryl is better off without him and leaves him in peace after a final handshake.

The video was not commercially released until it was included in the video albums; Video Greatest Hits – HIStory (long version on DVD and short version in VHS), Number Ones (short version), Michael Jackson's Vision (long version) and the Target version DVD of Bad 25 (short version). The full video was introduced in a TV special, Michael Jackson: The Magic Returns, on Primetime, a CBS television show on August 31, 1987. [23] The full video won awards at various prestigious award ceremonies including Favorite Single (Soul/R&B) at the American Music Awards and Biggest Selling Album by a Male Soloist in the UK from the Guinness Book of World Records . The video has been praised by critics as one of the most iconic and greatest videos of all time; Jackson's outfit has been cited as an influence on fashion. [24] [19] [25]

After Jackson's death in June 2009, Letitia James, of the New York City Council, began trying to convince the agency to rename or co-name the Hoyt–Schermerhorn Streets station or to hang a plaque at the station in Jackson's honor. However, her request was denied by the Metropolitan Transportation Authority in September 2009. [26] [27] James commented, "Having Michael Jackson visit and moonwalk at this station was a huge deal not only for Brooklyn, but all of New York in the '80s ... And renaming this station in his honor would put it on the map and help ensure that people don't forget." [26] [27] A source from the MTA commented that no subway stations in the MTA system are named or co-named after individuals, mostly because it could confuse riders. [26] [27] The MTA also declined to put a plaque in the station, due to MTA guidelines forbidding such a thing. [27] [28]

Choreography

The video's choreographers Jackson, Jeffrey Daniel, and Gregg Burge were influenced by West Side Story when designing the dance routines but wanted to keep the scene more contemporary and incorporated the "moonwalk" into the movements. [29] Assistant choreographer Jeffrey Daniel commented, "It's like a train coming across the screen ... and that's the effect I was looking for and it worked". [22] The music video received a nomination for choreography at the 1988 MTV Video Music Awards Ceremony. [30] The video for "Bad" and Michael Jackson's "The Way You Make Me Feel" video were both nominated for Best Choreography. However, Janet Jackson's video "The Pleasure Principle" won the award. [30]

Live performances

"Bad" was performed during Jackson's Bad world tour concert series from 1987 to 1989, in both the first and second leg, as the final song in the first leg and sixteenth song in the second leg in the setlist. The song was also included on the first leg only of Jackson's Dangerous World Tour. A live version of the song at Wembley 1988 and Yokohama 1987 are available on the DVD Live at Wembley July 16, 1988 .

Covers and parodies

In 1987, UK actor and comedian Lenny Henry made a spoof of this song and gave it a title "Mad". [31]

"Weird Al" Yankovic recorded a parody of the song, titled "Fat", for his 1988 album Even Worse . [32] Jackson granted Yankovic permission to film the music video for "Fat" on the same subway set from the "Bad" music video. [33]

In 1989, John Oswald released an expanded version of his original Plunderphonics album containing "Bad", cut up, layered, and rearranged as "Dab". In 1990, notice was given to Oswald by the Canadian Recording Industry Association on behalf of several of their clients that all undistributed copies of Plunderphonics be destroyed under threat of legal action. [34] [35]

The American TV series Glee did a Michael Jackson tribute episode in 2012 titled "Michael", which included an a cappella version of "Bad" featuring the Beelzebubs as part of The Warblers. This cover debuted and peaked at number 80 at Billboard Hot 100, number 48 at Billboard Digital Songs, number 90 at Billboard Canadian Hot 100, and number 29 at Billboard Adult Pop Songs chart at the week of February 18, 2012. [36]

In February 2018, Billie Eilish covered the song with her brother Finneas O'Connell for Like a Version . [37]

Charts

"Bad"
Michael Jackson - Bad.jpg
Single by Michael Jackson
from the album Bad
B-side "I Can't Help It"
ReleasedSeptember 7, 1987
RecordedOctober 1986 [1]
Genre
Length
  • 4:07 (album version)
  • 8:22 (extended dance mix)
Label Epic
Songwriter(s) Michael Jackson
Producer(s)
Michael Jackson singles chronology
"I Just Can't Stop Loving You"
(1987)		"Bad"
(1987)		"Twenty-Five Miles"
(1987)
Music videos
"Bad" (short version) on YouTube

Certifications and sales

Certifications and sales for "Bad"
RegionCertification Certified units/sales
Australia (ARIA) [82] Platinum70,000^
Canada (Music Canada) [83] 2× Platinum160,000‡
France (SNEP) [84] Silver250,000*
Japan (RIAJ) [85]
Full-length ringtone 		Gold100,000*
United Kingdom (BPI) [86] Platinum491,000 [87]
United States (RIAA) [88] Platinum1,000,000‡

* Sales figures based on certification alone.
^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.
‡ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.

Track listings and formats

Official versions

Personnel

2012 remix

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  3. ↑ Hyden, Steven (April 21, 2016). "The Four Signature Moments of the Prince–Michael Jackson Rivalry". Slate.
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  5. ↑ Jackson 1988
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  8. ↑ Taraborrelli, J. Randy. Michael Jackson: The Magic, The Madness, The Whole Story, 1958-2009. New York: Hachette Book Group, 2009.
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General and cited references

"Bad (Afrojack Remix) [DJ Buddha Edit]"
Cover of Digital Single - Bad (Afrojack Remix) (DJ Buddha Edit).jpg
Single by Michael Jackson featuring Pitbull
from the album Bad 25
ReleasedAugust 14, 2012
Recorded
  • 1986 (original)
  • 2012 (additional overdubs and mixes)
Genre
Length4:29
Label Epic
Songwriter(s)
Producer(s)
Michael Jackson singles chronology
"I Just Can't Stop Loving You"
(2012)		"Bad (Afrojack Remix) [DJ Buddha Edit]"
(2012)		"I'm So Blue"
(2012)
Side one
Side two
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"Rock with You" is a song by American singer Michael Jackson, written by Rod Temperton and produced by Quincy Jones. It was first offered to Karen Carpenter, while she was working on her first solo album, but she turned it down. It was released in October 1979, by Epic Records as the second single from Jackson's fifth solo studio album Off the Wall (1979). It was also the third number-one hit of the 1980s, a decade in which the pop singles chart would quickly be dominated by Jackson.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Off the Wall (Michael Jackson song)</span> 1979 single by Michael Jackson

"Off the Wall" is a song by American singer Michael Jackson, from his fifth album of the same name (1979). It was written by English songwriter Rod Temperton and produced by Quincy Jones, and released by Epic Records as the album's second single in the UK on November 16, 1979 and as the third single in the US on January 31, 1980. The song was first offered to Karen Carpenter, while she was working on her first solo album, but she turned it down. Lyrically, the song is about getting over troubles.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">I Just Can't Stop Loving You</span> 1987 single by Michael Jackson

"I Just Can't Stop Loving You" is a 1987 duet ballad by American singers Michael Jackson and Siedah Garrett, and was released as the first single on July 20, 1987, by Epic Records from his seventh album, Bad. The song was written by Jackson, and co-produced by Jackson and Quincy Jones. The presence of Garrett on the track was a last-minute decision by Jackson and Jones, after Jackson's first two choices for the duet both decided against participating. Garrett, a protégé of Jones's who co-wrote another song on Bad, "Man in the Mirror", did not know that she would be singing the song until the day of the recording session. It became her first hit since Dennis Edwards' 1984 song "Don't Look Any Further". Garrett remains known primarily for her work with Jackson to this day.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The Way You Make Me Feel</span> 1987 single by Michael Jackson

"The Way You Make Me Feel" is a song by American singer Michael Jackson. It was released by Epic Records on November 9, 1987, as the third single from his seventh studio album, Bad. It was written and composed by Jackson and produced by Quincy Jones and Jackson.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dirty Diana</span> 1988 single by Michael Jackson

"Dirty Diana" is a song by American singer-songwriter Michael Jackson. It is the ninth track on Jackson's seventh studio album, Bad (1987). The song was released by Epic Records on April 18, 1988, as the fifth single from the album. It presents a harder rock sound similar to "Beat It" from Thriller (1982) and a guitar solo played by Steve Stevens. "Dirty Diana" was written and co-produced by Jackson, and produced by Quincy Jones. The song's lyrics pertain to groupies. "Dirty Diana" has a moderate tempo and is played in the key of G minor.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Michael Jackson singles discography</span>

American singer Michael Jackson released 67 singles as a lead artist, and 10 as a featured artist. One of the best-selling artists of all time, Michael Jackson has sold over 500 million records worldwide. In the United States, Jackson amassed 13 Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles and was the first artist to have a top-ten single in the Billboard Hot 100 in five different decades. In 2012, Jackson was ranked the fifth best selling singles artist in the United Kingdom with 15.3 million singles sold.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pitbull discography</span>

Cuban-American rapper Pitbull has released twelve studio albums, four compilation albums, one soundtrack album, four official mixtapes, over 300 singles, over 1,000 songs, and over 200 music videos.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">I Like It (Enrique Iglesias song)</span> 2010 single by Enrique Iglesias

"I Like It" is a song performed by Spanish singer Enrique Iglesias taken from his first bilingual studio album, Euphoria. It features guest vocals from American rapper Pitbull. Both artists co-wrote the electropop song with RedOne, who produced it. It also interpolates Lionel Richie's 1983 single "All Night Long ", with vocals re-recorded by Richie himself. I Like It was released on 3 May 2010 as the debut English single and second single overall. The song was also included on the official soundtrack to MTV reality series Jersey Shore. A version of the song without Pitbull is also found on the international version of Euphoria. The song also serves as the first single from the Jersey Shore soundtrack. The song was the official song of Airtel 2010 Champions League Twenty20. Commercially, the song reached number one in Canada and the top ten in nineteen additional countries, including the United States and the United Kingdom, where it reached number four. The song has sold 4 million copies in the US alone.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hey Baby (Drop It to the Floor)</span> 2010 single by Pitbull

"Hey Baby (Drop It to the Floor)" is a song by American rapper Pitbull featuring American singer T-Pain. It was released on September 14, 2010, as the lead single from Pitbull's sixth studio album Planet Pit. The song was written by Pitbull, T-Pain, and Sandy Vee; the latter is also the producer. The song interpolates the line "Ooh, baby, baby" from the 1987 song "Push It" by American hip hop group Salt-N-Pepa.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Give Me Everything</span> 2011 single by Pitbull

"Give Me Everything" is a song by American rapper Pitbull featuring Dutch DJ Afrojack and American singers Ne-Yo and Nayer. Written by the former three and produced by Afrojack, it was released on March 18, 2011, through Polo Grounds Music, Mr. 305 Entertainment, and J Records as the second single from Pitbull's sixth studio album, Planet Pit (2011). Rolling Stone described the song as a "club-pop cut with a plaintive Ne-Yo chorus".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rain Over Me</span> 2011 single by Pitbull

"Rain Over Me" is a song by Cuban-American rapper Pitbull from his sixth studio album, Planet Pit. It features vocals from Puerto Rican-American singer Marc Anthony. The song was written by Pitbull, RedOne, Marc Anthony, Bilal "The Chef" Hajji, AJ Janussi and Rachid "Rush" Aziz. It was also produced by RedOne, Rush and Jimmy Joker. It was released on June 10, 2011, as the third promotional single from the album and received a full release as the album's third official single on June 8, 2011.

Nayer Regalado, known mononymously as Nayer, is an American singer. She gained recognition in 2011 after being featured on Pitbull's hit single "Give Me Everything", and releasing her single "Suave " featuring Pitbull and Mohombi which was a success in Europe and the Middle East. Her other known collaborations include songs with Ne-Yo, Enrique Iglesias, Lil Wayne, Usher, Fonseca, Juan Magan, Yomil, Jean-Roch and Melissa.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">I Like How It Feels</span> Enrique Iglesias single

"I Like How It Feels" is a song by Spanish recording artist Enrique Iglesias. The song was originally intended to be the lead single from a reissue of Iglesias' album Euphoria, however, the release was canceled. The song was later included on the international deluxe edition of his tenth studio album and second bilingual album Sex and Love. The song also features guest appearances from American rapper Pitbull and Swedish musical project The WAV.s. It is produced by Enrique's longtime collaborator RedOne. It is the third collaboration between Enrique and Pitbull following "I Like It" and Pitbull's song "Come 'n' Go" off his then latest album, Planet Pit. The song was released as a digital download in Australia and some European countries on 23 September 2011. The song was released as a digital download in the United States on 4 October 2011, although as of 2020, the song has been removed from most digital storefronts in the U.S.

<i>Bad 25</i> 2012 studio album (reissue) by Michael Jackson

Bad 25 is the 25th anniversary edition reissue of American singer-songwriter Michael Jackson's seventh studio album Bad (1987). This is the second album by Jackson re-released on its 25th anniversary, the first being Thriller 25 (2008). Bad has sold 35 million copies worldwide, making it one of the best-selling albums of all time. Bad 25 was released on September 18, 2012, with co-operation with Epic, Legacy Recordings and MJJ Productions. Along with the original album, Bad 25 contains demo recordings recorded during the Bad era, with the deluxe edition also containing a live CD and DVD of Live at Wembley July 16, 1988, Jackson's performance at Wembley Stadium in the United Kingdom during his Bad world tour.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Don't Stop the Party (Pitbull song)</span> 2012 single by Pitbull

"Don't Stop the Party" is a song recorded by American rapper Pitbull for his seventh studio album, Global Warming. The song features TJR and includes samples of the song "Funky Kingston" by Toots and the Maytals replayed by Mark Summers at Scorccio Sample Replays. It was released on September 26, 2012, as the album's third single by RCA Records.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Afrojack discography</span>

This is the discography of Dutch DJ and record producer Afrojack. His song "Take Over Control", which features Dutch singer Eva Simons, charted in 10 different countries. He released his debut EP Lost & Found on December 22, 2010. In 2011, he was featured on Pitbull's number 1 hit single "Give Me Everything" along with Ne-Yo and Nayer. He also contributed to the single "Run the World (Girls)" by Beyoncé, who initially did not include his credits on the track but was eventually forced to do so after Afrojack filed a case against her. His debut album, Forget the World, was released on 16 May 2014.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hey Mama (David Guetta song)</span> 2015 single by David Guetta featuring Nicki Minaj, Bebe Rexha and Afrojack

"Hey Mama" is a song recorded by French record producer David Guetta featuring Trinidadian rapper Nicki Minaj, American singer Bebe Rexha and co-production by Dutch record producer Afrojack. The song was released on 16 March 2015, as the fourth single from Guetta's sixth studio album, Listen (2014). It was produced by David Guetta, Afrojack, and Giorgio Tuinfort, who also wrote the song with Rexha, Minaj, Ester Dean, and Sean Douglas. American ethnomusicologist Alan Lomax is also credited as a writer, as the track samples his recording of "Rosie", a field holler sung by an Afro-American chain gang at the Mississippi State Penitentiary.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">SummerThing!</span> 2015 single by Afrojack featuring Mike Taylor

"SummerThing!" is a 2015 song by Afrojack featuring vocals by Mike Taylor. It has charted in the Netherlands, Austria, the Flanders region of Belgium, France and on assorted American charts including the Hot Dance/Electronic Songs. The song was used in a McDonald's advert.

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