| Dufourea | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Dufourea ligulata | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Lecanoromycetes |
| Order: | Teloschistales |
| Family: | Teloschistaceae |
| Genus: | Dufourea Ach. (1809) |
| Type species | |
| Dufourea flammea (L.f.) Ach. (1810) | |
| Synonyms [1] | |
| |
Dufourea is a genus of mostly foliose lichen species in the subfamily Xanthorioideae of the family Teloschistaceae. [2] Species in the genus are found in the Southern Hemisphere.
The genus was originally circumscribed by Swedish lichenologist Erik Acharius in Johann Albert Luyken's 1809 publication Tentamen historiae lichenum, although he did not assign any species to the genus. [3] The following year, Acharius included Dufourea in his influential work Lichenographia Universalis and included six species. [4] Luyken had studied under Acharius in Sweden and had access to Acharius's work before it was published; because his text about the genus is a partial transcription of Acharius's work (and he acknowledged Acharius), Acharius is credited as the author of the name as well as the description. [5] All six species that Acharius included in Dufourea are now classified in different genera. [6] A type species for the genus, Dufourea flammea , was selected by Giuseppe De Notaris in 1846. [7] The genus was resurrected for use in 2013 following a large-scale molecular phylogenetic analysis of the family Teloschistaceae. Dufourea species are grouped in a clade with a sister taxon relationship to genus Xanthoria . [6]
The generic name Dufourea honours French medical doctor and naturalist Léon Jean Marie (or Jean-Marie Léon) Dufour (1780–1865). [8]
Dufourea lichens occur in the Southern Hemisphere, with several species from South Africa and Australia. Most species are foliose (bushy) and relatively large, and lack true rhizines, although some species have short rhizine-like structures. [6]
As of May 2024 [update] , Species Fungorum accepts 22 species of Dufourea. [9]
The Teloschistaceae are a large family of mostly lichen-forming fungi belonging to the class Lecanoromycetes in the division Ascomycota. The family has a cosmopolitan distribution, although its members occur predominantly in temperate regions. Most members are lichens that either live on rock or on bark, but about 40 species are lichenicolous – meaning they are non-lichenised fungi that live on other lichens. Many members of the Teloschistaceae are readily identifiable by their vibrant orange to yellow hue, a result of their frequent anthraquinone content. The presence of these anthraquinone pigments, which confer protection from ultraviolet light, enabled this group to expand from shaded forest habitats to harsher environmental conditions of sunny and arid ecosystems during the Late Cretaceous.
Xanthoria is a genus of lichenized fungi in the family Teloschistaceae. Common names include orange lichen, orange wall lichen, and sunburst lichen. They can be identified by their characteristic squamulose morphology with distinctive "fairy cups".
Xanthomendoza is a genus of small, bright orange foliose lichens with lecanorine apothecia. It is in the family Teloschistaceae. Members of the genus are commonly called sunburst lichens or orange lichens because of their bright orange color.
Blastenia is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Teloschistaceae. The genus was circumscribed in 1852 by Abramo Bartolommeo Massalongo.
Calogaya is a genus of lichen-forming fungi belonging to the family Teloschistaceae. It has 19 species. The genus was circumscribed in 2013 by Ulf Arup, Ulrik Søchting, and Patrik Frödén. The generic name Calogaya honours Dr. Ester Gaya, a Spanish botanist from the University of Barcelona.
Flavoplaca is a genus of crust-like or scaly lichens in the family Teloschistaceae. It has 28 species with a mostly Northern Hemisphere distribution.
Xanthocarpia is a genus of mostly crustose lichens in the family Teloschistaceae. It has 12 species with a largely Northern Hemisphere distribution.
Polycauliona is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Teloschistaceae.
Squamulea is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Teloschistaceae. It has 15 species. The genus was circumscribed in 2013 by Ulf Arup, Ulrik Søchting, and Patrik Frödén, with Squamulea subsoluta assigned as the type species. Five species were included in the original account of the genus. The genus name alludes to the squamulose growth form of most of its species. Squamulea has a worldwide distribution; when the genus was originally created, the centre of distribution was thought to be in southwestern North America.
Cerothallia is a genus of crustose lichens in the family Teloschistaceae. It has four species, all of which occur in the Southern Hemisphere. The genus was circumscribed in 2013 by Ulf Arup, Patrik Frödén, and Ulrik Søchting, with Cerothallia luteoalba assigned as the type species. The type is more widely distributed, as it is also found in Europe and North America. The generic name Cerothallia means "with waxy thallus".
Sirenophila is a genus of crustose lichens in the subfamily Teloschistoideae of the family Teloschistaceae. It has four species with an Australasian distribution.
Wetmoreana is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Teloschistaceae. It has two crustose, saxicolous (rock-dwelling) species.
Rusavskia is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Teloschistaceae. It has 12 species. It is a member of the subfamily Xanthorioideae. The thallus of Rusavskia is characterized by its foliose (leaf-like) structure with distinct and typically narrow lobes that curve outwards.
Gondwania is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the subfamily Xanthorioideae of the family Teloschistaceae. It has five species.
Sirenophila gintarasii is a species of lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. Found in Australia, it was formally described as a new species in 2009 by lichenologists Sergey Kondratyuk and Ingvar Kärnefelt, as a member of the genus Caloplaca. The type specimen was collected by the authors from the Camel Rock reserve. There it was found growing on coastal rock outcrops, along with the crustose species Sirenophila eos and Dufourea ligulata, some of which had been deformed by the lichenicolous fungus species Arthonia sytnikii and Pyrenidium actinellum. The species epithet honours Tasmanian lichen lichenologist Gintaras Kantvilas. Ulf Arup and colleagues transferred the taxon to the genus Sirenophila in 2013, following a molecular phylogenetics-based restructuring of the family Teloschistaceae. Sirenophila gintarasii occurs in New South Wales and Victoria.
Sirenophila eos is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It was first formally described as a new species in 2007 by Sergey Kondratyuk and Ingvar Kärnefelt, as Caloplaca eos. The type specimen was collected from rhyolite outcrops in New South Wales. Ulf Arup and colleagues transferred the taxon to the newly circumscribed genus Sirenophila in 2013, following a molecular phylogenetics-based restructuring of the Teloschistaceae.
Dufourea ligulata is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), foliose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. The German lichenologist Gustav Wilhelm Körber first formally described the species in 1862, as a member of the genus Physcia. Patrik Frödén, Ulf Arup, and Ulrik Søchting transferred it to the genus Dufourea in 2013 as part of a molecular phylogenetics-based restructuring of the family Teloschistaceae.
Dufourea angustata is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is widely distributed across Australia.
Honeggeria is a single-species fungal genus in the family Teloschistaceae. It contains the species Honeggeria rosmarieae, a corticolous (bark-dwelling), foliose lichen found in the United States. Characteristic features of the lichen include its isidia-like soredia, rhizines that are relatively broad and short, slender ascospores, and a rudimentary true exciple with a textura intricata tissue structure.