Dufourea angustata

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Dufourea angustata
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Ascomycota
Class: Lecanoromycetes
Order: Teloschistales
Family: Teloschistaceae
Genus: Dufourea
Species:
D. angustata
Binomial name
Dufourea angustata
(S.Y.Kondr. & Kärnefelt) Frödén, Arup & Søchting (2013)
Dufourea angustata
Holotype site: South of Batemans Bay, New South Wales [1]
Synonyms [2]
  • Xanthoria angustataS.Y.Kondr. & Kärnefelt (2009)
  • Jackelixia angustata(S.Y.Kondr. & Kärnefelt) S.Y.Kondr., Fedorenko, S.Stenroos, Kärnefelt & A.Thell (2009)

Dufourea angustata is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. [3] It is widely distributed across Australia.

Contents

Taxonomy

The lichen was formally described in 2009 by the lichenologists Sergey Kondratyuk and Ingvar Kärnefelt; they initially placed it as a member of genus Xanthoria . The type specimen was collected by the authors from rocky outcrops south of Batemans Bay in New South Wales. The species epithet angustata, derived from the Latin angustatus ("narrow"), alludes to the shape of the thallus lobes . [1]

Description

Dufourea angustata is a lichen that typically forms a reddish-orange to brick orange thallus, spanning 2–3 cm in width. It features narrow and distinct lobes that often interconnect to form a net-like pattern. These lobes are usually 0.4–1 (up to 1.2) mm wide and 5–6 mm long, with frequent and irregular branching. Including the secondary lobules , the lobes can reach up to 3.5 mm in width. [1]

The apothecia of Dufourea angustata are small, measuring 0.5–1 mm in diameter. Initially, they appear flat and lecanorine (with a thalline margin ) and later become slightly convex and biatorine (without a thalline margin). The apothecia are stipitate (having a stalk-like base) and constricted at the base. The cortex of the thalline exciple (the outer layer of the apothecium) is composed of densely packed, palisade-like cells and is up to 15  μm thick. The true exciple (the inner tissue layer of the apothecium) has a well-developed matrix, ranging from mesodermatous paraplectenchymatous to somewhat pseudoprosoplectenchymatous in structure. The hymenium, or spore-bearing layer, is very pale yellow and measures up to 65 μm in height. The subhymenium is about 15 μm thick. [1]

The paraphyses (filamentous structures in the hymenium) often have one or two uppermost cells containing oil droplets or oil cells and widen to about 5–6 μm in diameter. The asci (spore-bearing cells) typically contain eight spores. The ascospores are small and ellipsoid, measuring 7–12 by 5.5–6 μm, with a relatively narrow septum of about 3–4 μm. [1]

Habitat and distribution

Dufourea angustata is predominantly found in the coastal regions of Australia. It thrives on exposed and water-washed rocks such as schists, basalt, rhyolite, quartzite, and granite, particularly on outcrops and pebbles along the shoreline. Though less frequently, it can also be found on calcareous or limestone sea-cliffs and occasionally on man-made structures. It is rare for this species to grow on bark or dead wood, but such occurrences have been noted, for example, on the dead wood of Leptecophylla juniperina and the bark of dead Albizia lophantha . [1]

In its natural habitats, Dufourea angustata often coexists with other lichen species such as Xanthoria ligulata , Filsoniana kiamae , and various members of the Parmeliaceae, as well as other foliose lichens. This species is sometimes affected by lichenicolous fungi including Arthonia sytnikii , Pyrenidium actinellum , and Stigmidium species. [1]

Dufourea angustata is widely distributed across several regions in Australia, including Western Australia, New South Wales, South Australia, Victoria, and Tasmania. [1]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Teloschistaceae</span> Family of lichen-forming fungi

The Teloschistaceae are a large family of mostly lichen-forming fungi belonging to the class Lecanoromycetes in the division Ascomycota. The family has a cosmopolitan distribution, although members occur predominantly in subtropical and temperate regions. Although most members are lichens that either live on rock or on bark, about 40 species are lichenicolous – meaning they are non-lichenised fungi that live on other lichens. Many members of the Teloschistaceae are readily identifiable by their vibrant orange to yellow hue, a result of their frequent anthraquinone content. The presence of these anthraquinone pigments, which confer protection from ultraviolet light, enabled this group to expand from shaded forest habitats to harsher environmental conditions of sunny and arid ecosystems during the Late Cretaceous.

Neobrownliella brownlieae is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is widely distributed in Australia.

<i>Flavoplaca</i> Genus of lichen

Flavoplaca is a genus of crust-like or scaly lichens in the family Teloschistaceae. It has 28 species with a mostly Northern Hemisphere distribution.

<i>Xanthocarpia</i> Genus of lichen

Xanthocarpia is a genus of mostly crustose lichens in the family Teloschistaceae. It has 12 species with a largely Northern Hemisphere distribution.

Sirenophila is a genus of crustose lichens in the subfamily Teloschistoideae of the family Teloschistaceae. It has four species with an Australasian distribution.

<i>Fulgogasparrea appressa</i> Species of lichen

Fulgogasparrea appressa is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It has a widespread distribution in western Mexico, including Baja California. It is characterized by its vibrant colors, unique shape, and specific habitat preferences.

<i>Rusavskia</i> Genus of lichens

Rusavskia is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Teloschistaceae. It has 12 species. It is a member of the subfamily Xanthorioideae. The thallus of Rusavskia is characterized by its foliose (leaf-like) structure with distinct and typically narrow lobes that curve outwards.

Caloplaca aliciae is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is found in Australia. It is characterised by a thallus that can grow up to 2 cm wide, featuring colours from dull pink to dull brown, with small, dispersed, flat areoles that are irregularly shaped and occasionally dissected by cracks, displaying a whitish, dull pink, or dull orange-brown surface. Its apothecia are lecanorine in form, initially immersed but often rising above the areoles, with each areole containing one or two apothecia that have a thalline margin matching the thallus colour.

Caloplaca conranii is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. The lichen has a bright yellow thallus about 1–2 cm wide, featuring a thick texture with convex, pustule-like formations around the edges and occasionally forming clusters in the centre. Its apothecia are quite large and heavy, ranging from 0.4 to 1.5 mm in diameter, with a flat, dull orange or brownish-orange disc, and long, narrow ascospores.

Elixjohnia bermaguiana is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is found in Australia. The lichen is characterised by its varying areoles, which are thin to moderately thick, flat to slightly convex, and range from bright yellow to whitish in colour, sometimes with a greenish-yellow hue. Its apothecia are small, with a distinct orange margin and a raised brownish-orange or yellowish-brown disc.

Elixjohnia gallowayi is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It has a vividly coloured thallus, ranging in hues from bright red to reddish-orange. It is found in Australia.

Filsoniana kiamae is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is found in Australia. The lichen forms small rosettes with brownish-orange areoles, and it occasionally develops isidia. Its rare apothecia are round, with brownish-orange margins and a reddish disc.

Filsoniana rexfilsonii is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. Found in Australia, it was formally described as a new species in 2007. The thallus of Filsoniana rexfilsonii comprises brownish-orange squamules each hosting one to four reproductive structures.

Cerothallia subluteoalba is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. Found in Australia, it was described as a new species in 2009. This species is distinguished by its numerous bright yellow to soft yellow-orange apothecia, tiny spores with slim dividers (septa), and a barely distinguishable thallus that either fades away or grows inside its host.

Sirenophila cliffwetmorei is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is found in Australia. Its thallus can reach up to 1 centimetre in width, has a whitish to whitish-grey colour, and is very thin, sometimes almost merging with the substrate, and has paler edges with a darker grey centre. Its numerous tiny apothecia give the thallus a yellow-orange appearance.

Sirenophila maccarthyi is a species of corticolous/lignicolous, crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It has a thallus that is whitish or greyish, often inconspicuous and not always continuous, which can appear darker or dirty grey near its numerous, clustered apothecia. Sirenophila maccarthyi is distributed across regions including Western Australia, New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania, and New Zealand, in both coastal and inland habitats. It typically grows on the bark and dead wood of a wide range of trees and shrubs such as Acacia sophorae, Araucaria excelsa, and various Eucalyptus species.

Xanthocarpia erichansenii is a species of terricolous (ground-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is found in southwest Greenland, where it grows on loess among mosses.

Fauriea trassii is a lichen species in the family Teloschistaceae, described in 2011. It is primarily found in the Far East of Russia, particularly in the Primorsky Krai region.

Flavoplaca kantvilasii is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. Found in Australia, it was formally described as a new species in 2007.

Kaernefia kaernefeltii is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is widely distributed in Australia.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Kondratyuk, Sergij Ya.; Kärnefelt, Ingvar; Elix, John A.; Thell, Arne (2009). "Contributions to the Teloschistaceae, with particular reference to the Southern Hemisphere". In Thell, Arne; Seaward, Mark R.D.; Feuerer, Tassilo (eds.). Diversity of Lichenology – Anniversary Volume. Bibliotheca Lichenologica. Vol. 100. Berlin/Stuttgart: J. Cramer in der Gebrüder Borntraeger Verlagsbuchhandlung. pp. 207–282 [277]. ISBN   978-3-443-58079-7.
  2. ↑ "Synonymy. Current Name: Dufourea angustata (S.Y. Kondr. & Kärnefelt) Frödén, Arup & Søchting, in Arup, Søchting & Frödén, Nordic Jl Bot. 31(1): 41 (2013)". Species Fungorum . Retrieved 22 December 2023.
  3. ↑ "Dufourea angustata (S.Y. Kondr. & Kärnefelt) Frödén, Arup & Søchting". Catalogue of Life . Species 2000: Leiden, the Netherlands. Retrieved 22 December 2023.
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