| Dufourea africana | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Lecanoromycetes |
| Order: | Teloschistales |
| Family: | Teloschistaceae |
| Genus: | Dufourea |
| Species: | D. africana |
| Binomial name | |
| Dufourea africana (Almb.) Frödén, Arup & Søchting (2013) | |
 | |
| Holotype: Kisumu-Londiani, Kenya [1] | |
| Synonyms [2] | |
| |
Dufourea africana is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), foliose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. [3] It occurs in Kenya and Uganda.
The lichen was first described by the Swedish lichenologist Ove Almborn in 1963, who classified it in the genus Xanthoria . The type specimen was collected in 1949 by the Dutch mycologist Rudolf Arnold Maas Geesteranus from the Tinderer Forest Reserve in Kisumu-Londiani (Kenya) at an elevation of 3,200 m (10,500 ft); there, it was found growing on an isolated and sun-exposed Podocarpus milanjianus . [1] Patrik Frödén and colleagues transferred the taxon to the genus Dufourea in 2013, following a molecular phylogenetics-led reorganisation of the Teloschistaceae. [4]
The lichen has an orange thallus that usually spreads irregularly on its substrate , with lobes up to 1 mm wide. The thallus surface has regions of soralia that are both laminal and marginal , and makes orange-coloured soredia; apothecia (fruiting bodies) have not been observed to occur in this species. [5] The photobiont partners of the lichen are members of the green algal genus Trebouxia . They have roundish cells measuring about 10–15 μm, situated in an algal layer that is about 30–40 μm thick. [1] Like most Teloschistaceae members, it contains parietin, a secondary metabolite (lichen product). [5]
It occurs on the trunks of trees, particularly wayside and isolated ones, in open woodland and shrubland at elevations from 2,500 to 3,000 metres (8,200 to 9,800 ft). Found in Kenya and Uganda, it is considered an uncommon species. [5]
Athallia is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Teloschistaceae. It was circumscribed in 2013 by Ulf Arup, Patrik Frödén, and Ulrik Søchting, and the type species is Athallia holocarpa. The genus name means "without a thallus".
Xanthocarpia is a genus of mostly crustose lichens in the family Teloschistaceae. It has 12 species with a largely Northern Hemisphere distribution.
Dufourea is a genus of mostly foliose lichen species in the subfamily Xanthorioideae of the family Teloschistaceae. Species in the genus are found in the Southern Hemisphere.
Variospora aegaea is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. First identified from Greek islands in the Aegean Sea, and has since been recorded in Italy and Spain.
Variospora cancarixiticola is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is found in southeastern Spain, where it grows on cancarixite, a volcanic rock known only to occur in that country.
Austroplaca hookeri is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It was originally described by Carroll William Dodge in 1965, as Gasparrinia hookeri. The type specimen was originally collected by British botanist and explorer Joseph Dalton Hooker on Cockburn Island; the species is named in his honour. The taxon was transferred to the large genus Caloplaca in 2004, and again to the genus Austroplaca in 2013 as part of a restructuring of the family Teloschistaceae.
Solitaria is a fungal genus in the family Teloschistaceae. It contains a single species, the corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen Solitaria chrysophthalma.
Usnochroma is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Teloschistaceae. It has two species of crustose lichens. The genus was circumscribed in 2013 by lichenologists Ulrik Søchting, Ulf Arup, and Patrik Frödén, with Usnochroma carphineum assigned as the type species. The genus name refers to the yellowish-green colour of the thallus, which is caused by the substance usnic acid. Usnochroma species occur in Macaronesia, South Africa, the Mediterranean Basin, and Algeria.
Leproplaca cirrochroa is a widespread and common species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It grows up to 5 cm across, featuring a placodioid thallus with narrow, finger-like lobes that adhere closely to the surface, showing intricate division and ranging in colour from dirty orange to brownish orange, often with paler, pruinose orange ends.
Dufourea ligulata is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), foliose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. The German lichenologist Gustav Wilhelm Körber first formally described the species in 1862, as a member of the genus Physcia. Patrik Frödén, Ulf Arup, and Ulrik Søchting transferred it to the genus Dufourea in 2013 as part of a molecular phylogenetics-based restructuring of the family Teloschistaceae.
Xanthocarpia erichansenii is a species of terricolous (ground-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is found in southwest Greenland, where it grows on loess among mosses.
Flavoplaca austrocitrina is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is widely distributed in Europe, and has also been recorded in South America.
Flavoplaca maritima is a species of crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is found in costal areas of Northern, Western, and Southern Europe. It mostly occurs on rocks, but has also been recorded growing on wood.
Polycauliona bolacina, the waxy firedot lichen, is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is found in western North America.
Flavoplaca kantvilasii is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. Found in Australia, it was formally described as a new species in 2007.
Dufourea angustata is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is widely distributed across Australia.
Variospora thallincola is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae.
Flavoplaca oasis is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is widely distributed across Europe, and has been reported in Western Asia, China, and North Africa.
Austroplaca soropelta is a species of saxicolous and muscicolous, crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It has a bipolar distribution, meaning it occurs in polar areas of both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.
Teloschistopsis bonae-spei is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), fruticose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It occurs in South Africa, where it grows on maritime and coastal rocks.