Echinarachnius parma

Last updated

Common sand dollar
Echinarachnius parma (6806969731).jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Echinodermata
Class: Echinoidea
Order: Clypeasteroida
Family: Echinarachniidae
Genus: Echinarachnius
Species:
E. parma
Binomial name
Echinarachnius parma
Lamarck, 1816
Synonyms
  • Echinarachinus parma(Lamarck, 1816) (misspelling)
  • Echinarachnius atlanticusL. Agassiz, 1841 (subjective junior synonym)
  • Echinarachnius australiaeMichelin, 1859 (subjective junior synonym)
  • Echinarachnius rumphiiL. Agassiz, 1841 (subjective junior synonym)
  • Echinarachnius undulatusMichelin, 1859 (subjective junior synonym)
  • Echinodiscus parma(Lamarck, 1816) (transferred to Echinarachnius)
  • Phelsumaster parma(Lamarck, 1816) (transferred to Echinarachnius)
  • Phelsumia parma(Lamarck, 1816) (transferred to Echinarachnius)
  • Scutella parmaLamarck, 1816 (transferred to Echinarachnius)
  • Scutella trifaraSay, 1826 (subjective junior synonym)

Echinarachnius parma, the common sand dollar, is a species of sand dollar native to the Northern Hemisphere. [1]

Contents

Subspecies

Distribution

It is found in the North Pacific and Northwest Atlantic, on the North American east coast from New Jersey north, as well as in Alaska, Siberia, British Columbia, and Japan. It inhabits isolated areas on sandy bottoms below the low tide level down to a depth of 5,000 feet (1,500 m).

Description

The tests (shells) of these sand dollars are round, flat and disc-like, typically measuring 3 inches (7.6 cm) in diameter. The entire shell is also covered with maroon-colored moveable spines. The color is a purplish brown, becoming bleached white when washed ashore. As in other echinoderms, five radial furrows branch from the mouth on the animal's underside.

This and other species of Echinarachnius have been around since the Pliocene epoch.

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References

  1. Kroh, A.; Mooi, R. (2020). World Echinoidea Database. Echinarachnius parma (Lamarck, 1816). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=158062 on 2020-12-31