Edward Feigenbaum

Last updated
Ed Feigenbaum
27. Dr. Edward A. Feigenbaum 1994-1997.jpg
Born
Edward Albert Feigenbaum

(1936-01-20) January 20, 1936 (age 88)
NationalityAmerican
Alma mater Carnegie Mellon University (BS, PhD)
Known for Expert systems
EPAM
DENDRAL project
Feigenbaum test
Awards Turing Award (1994)
Computer Pioneer Award
AAAI Fellow (1990) [1]
ACM Fellow (2007)
Scientific career
Fields Computer science
Artificial intelligence
Institutions Stanford University
United States Air Force
Doctoral advisor Herbert A. Simon
Doctoral students
Website ksl-web.stanford.edu/people/eaf

Edward Albert Feigenbaum (born January 20, 1936) is a computer scientist working in the field of artificial intelligence, and joint winner of the 1994 ACM Turing Award. [4] He is often called the "father of expert systems." [5] [6] [7] [8]

Contents

Education and early life

Feigenbaum was born in Weehawken, New Jersey in 1936 to a culturally Jewish family, and moved to nearby North Bergen, where he lived until the age of 16, when he left to start college. [9] [10] His hometown did not have a secondary school of its own, and so he chose Weehawken High School for its college preparatory program. [10] [11] He was inducted into his high school's hall of fame in 1996. [12]

Feigenbaum completed his undergraduate degree (1956), and a Ph.D. (1960), [2] [13] [14] at Carnegie Institute of Technology (now Carnegie Mellon University). In his PhD thesis, carried out under the supervision of Herbert A. Simon, he developed EPAM, one of the first computer models of how people learn. [15]

Career and research

Feigenbaum completed a Fulbright Fellowship at the National Physical Laboratory (United Kingdom) and in 1960 went to the University of California, Berkeley, to teach in the School of Business Administration. He joined the Stanford University faculty in 1965 as one of the founders of its computer science department. [16] He was the director of the Stanford Computation Center from 1965 to 1968. He established the Knowledge Systems Laboratory at Stanford University. Important projects that Feigenbaum was involved in include systems in medicine, as ACME, MYCIN, SUMEX, and Dendral. He also co-founded companies IntelliCorp and Teknowledge.

Since 2000 Feigenbaum is a Professor Emeritus of Computer Science at Stanford University. His former doctoral students include Peter Karp, [3] Niklaus Wirth, [2] and Alon Halevy. [2]

Honors and awards

Works

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Expert system</span> Computer system emulating the decision-making ability of a human expert

In artificial intelligence, an expert system is a computer system emulating the decision-making ability of a human expert. Expert systems are designed to solve complex problems by reasoning through bodies of knowledge, represented mainly as if–then rules rather than through conventional procedural code. The first expert systems were created in the 1970s and then proliferated in the 1980s. Expert systems were among the first truly successful forms of artificial intelligence (AI) software. An expert system is divided into two subsystems: the inference engine and the knowledge base. The knowledge base represents facts and rules. The inference engine applies the rules to the known facts to deduce new facts. Inference engines can also include explanation and debugging abilities.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Douglas Lenat</span> Computer scientist and AI pioneer

Douglas Bruce Lenat was an American computer scientist and researcher in artificial intelligence who was the founder and CEO of Cycorp, Inc. in Austin, Texas.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Raj Reddy</span> Indian-American computer scientist (born 1937)

Dabbala Rajagopal "Raj" Reddy is an Indian-American computer scientist and a winner of the Turing Award. He is one of the early pioneers of artificial intelligence and has served on the faculty of Stanford and Carnegie Mellon for over 50 years. He was the founding director of the Robotics Institute at Carnegie Mellon University. He was instrumental in helping to create Rajiv Gandhi University of Knowledge Technologies in India, to cater to the educational needs of the low-income, gifted, rural youth. He was the founding chairman of International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad. He is the first person of Asian origin to receive the Turing Award, in 1994, known as the Nobel Prize of Computer Science, for his work in the field of artificial intelligence.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Symbolic artificial intelligence</span> Methods in artificial intelligence research

In artificial intelligence, symbolic artificial intelligence is the term for the collection of all methods in artificial intelligence research that are based on high-level symbolic (human-readable) representations of problems, logic and search. Symbolic AI used tools such as logic programming, production rules, semantic nets and frames, and it developed applications such as knowledge-based systems, symbolic mathematics, automated theorem provers, ontologies, the semantic web, and automated planning and scheduling systems. The Symbolic AI paradigm led to seminal ideas in search, symbolic programming languages, agents, multi-agent systems, the semantic web, and the strengths and limitations of formal knowledge and reasoning systems.

Dendral was a project in artificial intelligence (AI) of the 1960s, and the computer software expert system that it produced. Its primary aim was to study hypothesis formation and discovery in science. For that, a specific task in science was chosen: help organic chemists in identifying unknown organic molecules, by analyzing their mass spectra and using knowledge of chemistry. It was done at Stanford University by Edward Feigenbaum, Bruce G. Buchanan, Joshua Lederberg, and Carl Djerassi, along with a team of highly creative research associates and students. It began in 1965 and spans approximately half the history of AI research.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Judea Pearl</span> Computer scientist (born 1936)

Judea Pearl is an Israeli-American computer scientist and philosopher, best known for championing the probabilistic approach to artificial intelligence and the development of Bayesian networks. He is also credited for developing a theory of causal and counterfactual inference based on structural models. In 2011, the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) awarded Pearl with the Turing Award, the highest distinction in computer science, "for fundamental contributions to artificial intelligence through the development of a calculus for probabilistic and causal reasoning". He is the author of several books, including the technical Causality: Models, Reasoning and Inference, and The Book of Why, a book on causality aimed at the general public.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Robert Kowalski</span> British computer scientist (born 1941)

Robert Anthony Kowalski is an American-British logician and computer scientist, whose research is concerned with developing both human-oriented models of computing and computational models of human thinking. He has spent most of his career in the United Kingdom.

Synthetic intelligence (SI) is an alternative/opposite term for artificial intelligence emphasizing that the intelligence of machines need not be an imitation or in any way artificial; it can be a genuine form of intelligence. John Haugeland proposes an analogy with simulated diamonds and synthetic diamonds—only the synthetic diamond is truly a diamond. Synthetic means that which is produced by synthesis, combining parts to form a whole; colloquially, a human-made version of that which has arisen naturally. A "synthetic intelligence" would therefore be or appear human-made, but not a simulation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tim Finin</span> American computer scientist

Timothy Wilking Finin is the Willard and Lillian Hackerman Chair in Engineering and is a Professor of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering at the University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC). His research has focused on the applications of artificial intelligence to problems in information systems and has included contributions to natural language processing, expert systems, the theory and applications of multiagent systems, the semantic web, and mobile computing.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Austin Tate</span>

Austin Tate is Emeritus Professor of Knowledge-based systems in the School of Informatics at the University of Edinburgh. From 1985 to 2019 he was Director of AIAI in the School of Informatics at the University of Edinburgh.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nils John Nilsson</span> American computer scientist (1933–2019)

Nils John Nilsson was an American computer scientist. He was one of the founding researchers in the discipline of artificial intelligence. He was the first Kumagai Professor of Engineering in computer science at Stanford University from 1991 until his retirement. He is particularly known for his contributions to search, planning, knowledge representation, and robotics.

Arthur Lee Samuel was an American pioneer in the field of computer gaming and artificial intelligence. He popularized the term "machine learning" in 1959. The Samuel Checkers-playing Program was among the world's first successful self-learning programs, and as such a very early demonstration of the fundamental concept of artificial intelligence (AI). He was also a senior member in the TeX community who devoted much time giving personal attention to the needs of users and wrote an early TeX manual in 1983.

This is a timeline of artificial intelligence, sometimes alternatively called synthetic intelligence.

IEEE Intelligent Systems is a bimonthly peer-reviewed academic journal published by the IEEE Computer Society and sponsored by the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI), British Computer Society (BCS), and European Association for Artificial Intelligence (EurAI).

William Aaron Woods, generally known as Bill Woods, is a researcher in natural language processing, continuous speech understanding, knowledge representation, and knowledge-based search technology. He is currently a Software Engineer at Google.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Eric Horvitz</span> American computer scientist, and Technical Fellow at Microsoft

Eric Joel Horvitz is an American computer scientist, and Technical Fellow at Microsoft, where he serves as the company's first Chief Scientific Officer. He was previously the director of Microsoft Research Labs, including research centers in Redmond, WA, Cambridge, MA, New York, NY, Montreal, Canada, Cambridge, UK, and Bangalore, India.

Henry A. Kautz is a computer scientist, Founding Director of Institute for Data Science and Professor at University of Rochester. He is interested in knowledge representation, artificial intelligence, data science and pervasive computing.

Sheila McIlraith is a Canadian computer scientist specializing in Artificial Intelligence (AI). She is a Professor in the Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto. She is a Canada CIFAR AI Chair, a faculty member of the Vector Institute, and Associate Director and Research Lead of the Schwartz Reisman Institute for Technology and Society.

Michael Genesereth is an American logician and computer scientist, who is most known for his work on computational logic and applications of that work in enterprise management, computational law, and general game playing. Genesereth is professor in the Computer Science Department at Stanford University and a professor by courtesy in the Stanford Law School. His 1987 textbook on Logical Foundations of Artificial Intelligence remains one of the key references on symbolic artificial intelligence. He is the author of the influential Game Description Language (GDL) and Knowledge Interchange Format (KIF), the latter of which led to the ISO Common Logic standard.

Houbing Herbert Song (FIEEE) is the Director of the Security and Optimization for Networked Globe Laboratory at the University of Maryland, Baltimore County in Baltimore, USA. He received a Ph.D. degree in Electrical Engineering from the University of Virginia in 2012.

References

  1. Elected AAAI Fellows
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 Edward Albert Feigenbaum at the Mathematics Genealogy Project
  3. 1 2 Karp, Peter Dornin (1988). Hypothesis Formation and Qualitative Reasoning in Molecular Biology. dtic.mil (PhD thesis). Stanford University. doi:10.1609/aimag.v11i4.859. OCLC   20463112. Archived from the original on June 9, 2017.
  4. David Alan Grier. (Oct.-Dec. 2013). "Edward Feigenbaum [interview]." Annals of the History of Computing . p. 74-81.
  5. "Edward Feigenbaum 2012 Fellow". Archived from the original on 2013-05-09. Retrieved 2012-01-30.
  6. Feigenbaum, Edward A.; McCorduck, Pamela (1983). The Fifth Generation: Artificial Intelligence and Japan's Computer Challenge to the World . Addison Wesley Publishing Company. ISBN   9780201115192.
  7. "The Age of Intelligent Machines: Knowledge Processing--From File Servers to Knowledge Servers by Edward Feigenbaum". Archived from the original on 2016-06-10. Retrieved 2013-05-29.
  8. Feigenbaum, Edward A. (2003). "Some challenges and grand challenges for computational intelligence". Journal of the ACM . 50 (1): 32–40. doi:10.1145/602382.602400. S2CID   15379263.
  9. Len Shustek. "An Interview with Ed Feigenbaum". Communications of the ACM . Retrieved 14 October 2013.
  10. 1 2 Knuth, Don. "Oral History of Edward Feigenbaum, Computer History Museum, 2007. Accessed October 23, 2015. "I was born in Weehawken, New Jersey, which is a town on the Palisades opposite New York. In fact, it’s the place where the Lincoln Tunnel dives under the water and comes up in New York. Then my parents moved up the Palisades four miles to a town called North Bergen, and there I lived until I was 16 and went off to Carnegie Tech."
  11. Lederberg, Joshua. "How DENDRAL was conceived and born", United States National Library of Medicine, November 5, 1987. Accessed October 23, 2015. "I became an expert on its use. I even remember dragging it with me miles on the bus to Weehawken High School, heavy as it was, just to show off my skill with this marvelous technology that no other kid in the high school knew anything about."
  12. Hague, Jim. "Academic awards aplenty; Weehawken honors top students, inducts Pasquale into Hall of Fame", Hudson Reporter , May 13, 2000. Accessed October 23, 2015. "Edward Feigenbaum (Class of '53) in 1996"
  13. Edward A. Feigenbaum at the AI Genealogy Project.
  14. "ProQuest Document ID 301899261". ProQuest Dissertations and Theses . ProQuest   301899261.
  15. "Guide to the Edward A. Feigenbaum Papers" (PDF). Stanford University. 2010. p. 2. Retrieved September 12, 2011.
  16. "Edward A. Feigenbaum Papers". Stanford University. 2012.
  17. "Edward A Feigenbaum". awards.acm.org. Retrieved 2019-08-24.
  18. "Edward Feigenbaum on Artificial Intelligence | Entitled Opinions". entitledopinions.stanford.edu. Archived from the original on 2022-11-09. Retrieved 2019-08-24.
  19. "AI's Hall of Fame" (PDF). IEEE Intelligent Systems . IEEE Computer Society. 26 (4): 5–15. 2011. doi:10.1109/MIS.2011.64. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-12-16. Retrieved 2015-01-06.
  20. "Edward Feigenbaum". Computer History Museum. Archived from the original on 2013-05-09. Retrieved 2013-05-23.
  21. "This week in The History of AI at AIWS.net – Edward Feigenbaum and Julian Feldman published "Computers and Thought"". AIWS.net. Retrieved 5 May 2022.
  22. "Feigenbaum & Feldman Issue "Computers and Thought," the First Anthology on Artificial Intelligence". History of Information. Retrieved 5 May 2022.
  23. Feigenbaum, Edward A.; Feldman, Julian (1963). Computers and Thought. McGraw-Hill, Inc. ISBN   9780070203709 . Retrieved 5 May 2022.{{cite book}}: |website= ignored (help)