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Encyclopedias in Esperanto (Esperanto : Enciklopedioj de Esperanto) are Esperanto-language encyclopedias. There have been several different attempts of creating an encyclopedia of all Esperanto topics.
In 1913, Petro Stojan proposed the Universal Monograph Encyclopedia (Esperanto : Universala Slipa Enciklopedio), which would be continuously published with separate monographs for each subject. The first five monographs ("The encyclopedia and its future", "Cinematic theory on time", the hymn "La Espero", "Transcription of proper names", and "Gathering", a poem by L. Levenzon) were published at that time.
In 1917, Vladimír Szmurlo published another encyclopedia in Petrograd called Ariadne's Thread, with a few references as "A first try of an Encyclopedia of Esperantism; with a firm belief that out of that . . . seed will grow a huge tree of the Universal Esperanto Encyclopedia." The first pages (1–88) were printed in Riga. Due to military circumstances, the next pages of the book appeared infrequently, only after the letter 'E', and with very short content.
From 1933-34, the Encyclopedia of Esperanto, an encyclopedia of the Esperanto movement, appeared in two editions of Literatura Mondo in Budapest. A reprint was published in Hungary by the Hungarian Esperanto Association in 1979 and 1986. The majority of the original articles in this encyclopedia have been made into Wikipedia articles on the Esperanto Wikipedia.
In 1996, the Enciklopedio Kalblanda , an Internet Esperanto Wikipedia, was founded by Stephen Kalb. Kalb edited the encyclopedia until 2001, when he donated all 139 of the encyclopedia's articles to the Esperanto Wikipedia.
In 2001, the Esperanto Wikipedia was launched and is today the most expansive Esperanto encyclopedia. A number of articles concerning the Esperanto movement are based on Enciklopedio de Esperanto.
The Encyclopedia of Esperanto, the 1933–34 Encyclopedia of Esperanto in its original form
Esperanto is the world's most widely spoken constructed international auxiliary language. Created by the Warsaw-based ophthalmologist L. L. Zamenhof in 1887, it is intended to be a universal second language for international communication, or "the international language". Zamenhof first described the language in Dr. Esperanto's International Language, which he published under the pseudonym Doktoro Esperanto. Early adopters of the language liked the name Esperanto and soon used it to describe his language. The word esperanto translates into English as "one who hopes".
L. L. Zamenhof developed Esperanto in the 1870s and '80s. Unua Libro, the first print discussion of the language, appeared in 1887. The number of Esperanto speakers have increased gradually since then, without much support from governments and international organizations. Its use has, in some instances, been outlawed or otherwise suppressed.
Esperanto culture refers to the shared cultural experience of the Esperantujo, or Esperanto-speaking community. Despite being a constructed language, Esperanto has a history dating back to the late 19th century, and shared socio-cultural norms have developed among its speakers. Some of these can be traced back to the initial ideas of the language's creator, Ludwig Zamenhof, including the theory that a global second language would foster international communication. Others have developed over time, as the language has allowed different national and linguistic cultures to blend together. Some Esperanto speakers have also researched the language's ideologies.
Ido is a constructed language derived from Reformed Esperanto, and similarly designed with the goal of being a universal second language for people of diverse backgrounds. To function as an effective international auxiliary language, Ido was specifically designed to be grammatically, orthographically, and lexicographically regular. It is the most successful of the many Esperanto derivatives, called Esperantidoj.
Volapük is a constructed language created between 1879 and 1880 by Johann Martin Schleyer, a Catholic priest in Baden, Germany, who believed that God had told him in a dream to create an international language. Notable as the first major constructed international auxiliary language, the grammar comes from European languages and the vocabulary mostly from English. However, the roots are often distorted beyond recognition.
The Universal Esperanto Association, also known as the World Esperanto Association, is the largest international organization of Esperanto speakers, with 5501 individual members in 121 countries and 9215 through national associations and in official relations with the United Nations. In addition to individual members, 70 national Esperanto organizations are affiliated with UEA. Its current president is the professor Duncan Charters. The magazine Esperanto is the main organ used by UEA to inform its members about everything happening in the Esperanto community.
Kálmán Kalocsay was a Hungarian Esperantist poet, translator, and editor who significantly influenced Esperanto culture, both in its literature and in the language itself, through his original poetry and his translations of literary works from his native Hungarian and other languages of Europe. His name is sometimes Esperantized as Kolomano Kaloĉajo, and some of his work was published under various pseudonyms, including C.E.R. Bumy, Kopar, Alex Kay, K. Stelov, Malice Pik and Peter Peneter.
The Esperanto Wikipedia is the Esperanto version of Wikipedia, which was started on 11 May 2001, alongside the Basque Wikipedia. With over 349,000 articles as of January 2024, it is the 36th-largest Wikipedia as measured by the number of articles, and the largest Wikipedia in a constructed language.
Julio Baghy was a Hungarian actor and one of the leading authors of the Esperanto movement. He is the author of several famous novels but it is particularly in the field of poetry that he proved his mastery of Esperanto.
Lidia Zamenhof was a Jewish Polish writer, publisher, translator and the youngest daughter of Klara (Silbernik) and L. L. Zamenhof, the creator of Esperanto. She was an active promoter of Esperanto as well as of Homaranismo, a form of religious humanism first defined by her father.
William Main Page was a British lawyer and Esperantist.
Enciklopedio Kalblanda was the first online encyclopedia written in the Esperanto language. It was founded on January 11, 1996 by Stephen Kalb, who was the general editor. The encyclopedia contained 139 articles linked to 85 other themes. The text of the encyclopedia is under the GFDL.
Amerika Esperantisto was a North American Esperanto-language monthly publication founded in January 1907 as Amerika Esperantista Revuo. It was originally published by the American Esperanto Association, a national association formed by Boston Esperantists in March 1905.
Petro Evstaf'evic Stojan was a Russian esperantist, bibliographer and lexicographer and a member of the Esperanto Language Committee from 1914.
The World Esperantist Vegetarian Association is a voluntary association of Esperanto-speaking vegetarians. Founded in 1908, the group's working language is Esperanto, and it is the oldest international organization of vegetarians that is currently active. TEVA published a journal, Vegetarano ("Vegetarian") from 1914 to 1932, revived in 2009 as Esperantista Vegetarano, and has also operated a spirited Internet mailing list through Yahoo! Groups since 2005.
Andreo Cseh was a Hungarian-Dutch Roman Catholic priest and Esperantist known for inventing the Cseh method of Esperanto instruction.
The Esperanto workers movement has the goal of taking practical advantage of the international language Esperanto for advancing the goals of the labour movement, especially the fight against unrestrained capitalism. It is not only a political movement in the strict sense but also a cultural and educational one. Currently the principal Esperanto associations active in the Esperanto workers movement at the global level are the Sennacieca Asocio Tutmonda and the Internacia Komunista Esperantista Kolektivo, and in a wider sense, the Monda Asembleo Socia.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Esperanto: