Entoloma sinuatum is a poisonous mushroom found across Europe and North America. Some guidebooks refer to it by its older scientific names of Entoloma lividum or Rhodophyllus sinuatus. The largest mushroom of the genus of pink-spored fungi known as Entoloma, it is also the type species. Appearing in late summer and autumn, fruit bodies are found in deciduous woodlands on clay or chalky soils, or nearby parklands, sometimes in the form of fairy rings. Solid in shape, they resemble members of the genus Tricholoma. The ivory to light grey-brown cap is up to 20 cm (7.9 in) across with a margin that is rolled inward. The sinuate gills are pale and often yellowish, becoming pink as the spores develop. The thick whitish stem has no ring.
Entoloma is a genus of fungi in the order Agaricales. Called pinkgills in English, basidiocarps are typically agaricoid, though a minority are gasteroid. All have salmon-pink basidiospores which colour the gills at maturity and are angular (polyhedral) under a microscope. The genus is large, with almost 2000 species worldwide. Most species are saprotrophic, but some are ectomycorrhizal, and a few are parasitic on other fungi. The type, Entoloma sinuatum, is one of several Entoloma species that are poisonous, typically causing mild to severe gastrointestinal illness.
The Entolomataceae are a family of fungi in the order Agaricales. The family contains eight genera and 2250 species, the majority of which are in Entoloma. Basidiocarps are typically agaricoid, but a minority are cyphelloid. secotioid, or gasteroid. All produce pink basidiospores that are variously angular (polyhedral), ridged, or nodulose. Species are mostly saprotrophic, though a few are parasitic on other fungi. The family occurs worldwide.
Nolanea is a subgenus of fungi in the order Agaricales. Called pinkgills in English, basidiocarps are agaricoid, mostly mycenoid with slender stems. All have salmon-pink basidiospores which colour the gills at maturity and are angular (polyhedral) under a microscope. Recent DNA evidence has shown that at least 87 species belong to the subgenus Nolanea which has a worldwide distribution.
Inonotus arizonicus is a plant pathogen. I. arizonicus is a locally common saprotrophic polypore that induces white rot in sycamore trees in southwestern North America. Host species include Platanus wrightii and Platanus racemosa. The fruiting bodies, shaped like hooves or a plate or a stack of plates, can appear on trunks, at the base of living trees, or on stumps or snags. In California this species is generally found south of the San Francisco Bay Area.
Clitopilus prunulus, commonly known as the miller or the sweetbread mushroom, is an edible pink-spored basidiomycete mushroom found in grasslands in Europe and North America. Growing solitary to gregarious in open areas of conifer/hardwood forests; common under Bishop pine along the coast north of San Francisco; fruiting shortly after the fall rains. It has a grey to white cap and decurrent gills.
Boletus barrowsii, also known in English as the white king bolete after its pale colored cap, is an edible and highly regarded fungus in the genus Boletus that inhabits western North America. Found under ponderosa pine and live oak in autumn, it was considered a color variant of the similarly edible B. edulis for many years.
Entoloma hochstetteri, also known as the blue pinkgill, sky-blue mushroom or similar names, is a species of mushroom that is native to New Zealand. The small mushroom is a distinctive all-blue colour, while the gills have a slight reddish tint from the spores. The blue colouring of the fruit body is due to azulene pigments. Whether Entoloma hochstetteri is poisonous or not is unknown.
Entoloma abortivum, commonly known as the aborted entoloma or shrimp of the woods, is an edible mushroom in the Entolomataceae family of fungi. Caution should be used in identifying the species before eating. First named Clitopilus abortivus by Miles Joseph Berkeley and Moses Ashley Curtis, it was given its current name by the Dutch mycologist Marinus Anton Donk in 1949.
Mushrooms can be used to create color dyes via color-extraction with a solvent as well as particulation of raw material. The shingled hedgehog mushroom and related species contain blue-green pigments, which are used for dyeing wool in Norway. The fruiting body of Hydnellum peckii can be used to produce a beige color when no mordant is used, and shades of blue or green depending on the mordant added. Phaeolus schweinitzii produces green, yellow, gold, or brown colors, depending on the material dyed and the mordant used.
Entoloma murrayi, commonly known as the yellow unicorn Entoloma or the unicorn pinkgill, is a species of fungus in the Entolomataceae family. First described from New England (USA) in 1859, the species is found in eastern North America, Central and South America, and southeast Asia, where it grows on the ground in wet coniferous and deciduous forests. The fungus produces yellow mushrooms that have a characteristic sharp umbo on the top of a conical cap. The mushroom is inedible and may be poisonous. Other similar species can be distinguished from E. murrayi by differences in color, morphology, or microscopic characteristics.
Cortinarius smithii, also known as the western red dye mushroom, is an agaric fungus of the genus Cortinarius. Originally named Cortinarius phoeniceus var. occidentalis by American mycologist Alexander H. Smith in 1939, it was renamed to honor Smith in 2012, after molecular analysis revealed that it was genetically different from Cortinarius phoeniceus. It is found in North America.
Entoloma holoconiotum is a mushroom in the family Entolomataceae. It was originally described as Nolanea holoconiota by David Largent and Harry Thiers in 1972. Machiel Noordeloos and Co-David transferred it to the genus Entoloma in 2009. The species can be found in conifer forests in western North America.
Nolanea claviformis, or Entoloma claviforme, is a mushroom in the family Entolomataceae. Described as new to science in 2014, it is found in Guyana, where it fruits on humus under Dicymbe corymbosa. The type was collected in the Potaro-Siparuni region, in the Pakaraima Mountains, at an elevation of 710–750 metres (2,330–2,460 ft). The specific epithet claviformis/claviforme (club-shaped) refers to the shape of its stipe.
Entoloma medianox is a species of agaric in the family Entolomataceae. It is known from western North America, where it was previously referred to the European species Entoloma bloxamii or E. madidum. Molecular research, based on cladistic analysis of DNA sequences, has, however, shown that Entoloma medianox is distinct.
Aureoboletus flaviporus, commonly known as the viscid bolete, is a species of bolete fungus found in western North America, where it grows in ectomycorrhizal association with coast live oak, madrone, manzanita, and possibly with tanoak. In California, this mushroom appears during the rainy season in locations south of Mendocino County. This mushroom is "fairly common" but does not appear in large groupings, only as one-offs or small clusters in scattered locations.
Lepiota decorata, also known as the pink parasol, is an uncommon species of gilled mushroom found in North America. The cap of L. decorata usually has a speckled violet pattern, stains orange when scratched, and is about 4 to 8 cm in diameter.
Calonarius viridirubescens is a species of gilled mushroom. First described to science in 1997, this species was previously classified as Cortinarius viridirubescens, and is thus commonly known as the yellow-green cort.
Craterellus atrocinereus, also known as the Californiablack chanterelle, is a species of edible fungus native to western North America. This uncommon species is a mycorrhizal associate of live oak, tanoak, and Oregon white oak in Oregon and northern California, where it is found most often in the vicinity of Monterey Bay. This species has a "fruity-cheesy" odor, and fruits in winter and spring. This bluish-gray to black chanterelle was previously considered to be Craterellus cinereus but was recognized as a distinct species in 2015. The specific name is a nod to C. cinereus, with the Latin prefix atro meaning dark and cinereus referring to its smoky gray coloration.
