Epoicotheriinae

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Epoicotheriinae
Temporal range: 53.0–30.9  Ma
Ꞓ
O
S
D
C
P
T
J
K
Pg
N
early Eocene - early Oligocene
Xenocranium NT.jpg
Artist reconstruction of
Xenocranium pileorivale
compared to the size of a human hand.
Pentapassalus pearcei.jpg
skull of Pentapassalus pearcei
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order:† Palaeanodonta
Family:† Epoicotheriidae
Subfamily:† Epoicotheriinae
Simpson, 1927 [1]
Type genus
† Epoicotherium
Simpson, 1927
Genera
[see classification]

Epoicotheriinae ("strange beasts") is an extinct paraphyletic subfamily of insectivorous placental mammals within extinct paraphyletic family Epoicotheriidae in extinct order Palaeanodonta, that lived in North America and Europe from the early Eocene to early Oligocene. [2] Epoicotheriins were fossorial mammals. Late Eocene/early Oligocene genera were highly specialized animals that were convergent with the talpids, golden moles and marsupial mole in the structure of their skulls and forelimbs, and would have had a similar lifestyle as subterranean burrowers. [3]

Contents

Classification and phylogeny

Classification

  • Subfamily: †Epoicotheriinae(paraphyletic subfamily)(Simpson, 1927)
    • Genus: † Pentapassalus (Gazin, 1952)
      • †Pentapassalus pearcei(Gazin, 1952)
      • †Pentapassalus woodi(Guthrie, 1967)
    • Genus: † Tetrapassalus (Simpson, 1959)
      • †Tetrapassalus mckennai(Simpson, 1959)
      • †Tetrapassalus proius(West, 1973)
      • †Tetrapassalus sp. A [AMNH 10215] (Rose, 1978)
      • †Tetrapassalus sp. B (Robinson, 1963)
    • (unranked): †Epoicotherium/Xenocranium clade
      • Genus: † Epoicotherium (Simpson, 1927)
        • †Epoicotherium unicum(Douglass, 1905)
      • Genus: † Molaetherium (Storch & Rummel, 1999)
        • †Molaetherium heissigi(Storch & Rummel, 1999)
      • Genus: † Xenocranium (Colbert, 1942)
        • †Xenocranium pileorivale(Colbert, 1942)

See also

References

  1. ↑ G. G. Simpson (1927.) "In North American Oligocene edentate." Annals of Carnegie Museum 17 (2): 283-299
  2. ↑ R. M. Schoch (1984.) "Revision of Metacheiromys (Wortman, 1903) and a review of the Palaeanodonta." Postilla 192:1-28
  3. ↑ Kenneth D. Rose, Robert J. Emry (1983) "Extraordinary fossorial adaptations in the oligocene palaeanodonts Epoicotherium and Xenocranium (Mammalia)" Journal of Morphology 175(1):33 - 56
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