Eucalyptus aquatica

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Broad-leaved sally
Broad-leaved sally (Eucalyptus aquatica).jpg
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Myrtales
Family: Myrtaceae
Genus: Eucalyptus
Species:
E. aquatica
Binomial name
Eucalyptus aquatica
Eucalyptus aquatica.jpg

Eucalyptus aquatica, commonly known as broad-leaved sally, [2] or mountain swamp gum [3] is a tree or mallee that is endemic to a small area of New South Wales in eastern Australia. It has smooth, greyish bark, dull bluish green adult leaves, flower buds arranged in groups of seven, white flowers and conical or hemispherical fruit. It grows in swamps and other places with poor drainage.

Contents

Description

Eucalyptus aquatica is sometimes a mallee, sometimes a single-trunked tree that grows to a height of 7 m (20 ft). It has smooth greyish bark that is shed in long strips. Young plants have glossy green, elliptic to egg-shaped leaves up to 120 mm (5 in) long and 55 mm (2 in) wide. The blade of the adult leaves are dull bluish green, lance-shaped, usually curved, 50–100 mm (2–4 in) long and 20–40 mm (0.8–2 in) wide on a petiole 9–15 mm (0.4–0.6 in) long. The flower buds are arranged in groups of seven, the groups on a peduncle 3–7 mm (0.1–0.3 in) long and the individual flowers on a pedicel 1–3 mm (0.04–0.1 in) long. Both the peduncle and pedicel are up to 3 mm (0.1 in) thick. The buds are top-shaped to diamond-shaped, 6–7 mm (0.2–0.3 in) long and 3–4 mm (0.1–0.2 in) wide with a conical operculum that is about the same length and width as the flower cup. The flowers are white and the fruit is a cone-shaped or hemispherical capsule 4–7 mm (0.2–0.3 in) long and wide 5–7 mm (0.2–0.3 in) wide. [2] [3] [4]

Taxonomy and naming

Broad-leaved sally was first formally described in 1934 by William Blakely who gave it the name Eucalyptus ovata var. aquatica and published the description in his book A key to the eucalypts. [5] In 1990 Lawrie Johnson and Ken Hill raised the variety to species status. [1] The specific epithet (aquatica) is a Latin word meaning "living in or near water". [6]

There is debate about the name of this species, with some authorities regarding Eucalyptus ovata var. aquatica as a synonym of E. camphora subsp. camphora. [7] [8]

Distribution and habitat

Eucalyptus aquatica is mainly known from two swamps in a state forest and adjacent private property near Penrose where it grows in permanently water-logged soil. [2] [7] [9] There is a single record from Morton National Park. [2]

Conservation

Broad-leaved sally is classed as "vulnerable" under the Australian Government Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 and the New South Wales Government Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016. The main threats to the species are inappropriate fire regimes, habitat modification and invasion by weeds and exotic pines. [2]

Related Research Articles

<i>Eucalyptus camphora</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus camphora, commonly known as swamp gum is a flowering plant that is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It is a species of small to medium-sized tree with smooth bark, sometimes rough at the base, broadly lance-shaped to egg-shaped or elliptic adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, white flowers and conical fruit. There are two subspecies, subspecies camphora, commonly known as broad-leaved sally or swamp gum and subspecies humeana, commonly known as mountain swamp gum.

<i>Corymbia henryi</i> Species of plant

Corymbia henryi, commonly known as the large-leaved spotted gum, is a species of small to medium-sized tree that is endemic to north-eastern Australia. It has smooth, mottled bark, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of three, white or lemon yellow flowers and barrel-shaped to urn-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus effusa</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus effusa, commonly known as rough-barked gimlet, is a species of mallee or small tree that is endemic to Western Australia. It has thin, rough bark on the base of the trunk, smooth bark above, linear to narrow lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds arranged in groups of seven, white flowers and cup-shaped to conical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus kessellii</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus kessellii, commonly known as Jerdacuttup mallee, is a species of mallee that is endemic to an area along the south coast of Western Australia. It has very hard, rough bark on the trunk of larger specimens, smooth greyish and brownish bark above, lance-shaped to egg-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of three or seven, creamy white flowers and downturned, conical to cup-shaped fruit.

Eucalyptus luculenta is a species of mallee that is endemic to a small area on the south coast of Western Australia. It has smooth bark, lance-shaped to egg-shaped leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, pale yellow to white flowers and cup-shaped, barrel-shaped or cylindrical fruit.

Eucalyptus misella is a species of mallee that is endemic to a small area of Western Australia. It has smooth, greyish bark, narrow oblong to narrow elliptical leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and eleven, white flowers and flattened spherical fruit.

Eucalyptus × phylacis, commonly known as the Meelup mallee, is a species of tree or a robust mallee that is endemic to a small area in the southwest of Western Australia. It has rough, hard and corky bark on the trunk and larger branches, lance-shaped or curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of eleven, creamy white flowers and hemispherical fruit. It is possibly a hybrid between E. decipiens and E. virginea.

Eucalyptus tephroclada is a species of mallee that is endemic to the southwest of Western Australia. It has smooth bark, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in pendent groups of nine to thirteen, pale lemon yellow flowers and barrel-shaped to cup-shaped fruit.

Eucalyptus ultima is a species of mallee that is endemic to a small area in the Gascoyne region of Western Australia. It has smooth bark, linear to narrow lance-shaped leaves, flower buds in groups of nine to fifteen, white flowers and spherical to cup-shaped fruit.

Eucalyptus vegrandis, commonly known as the Ongerup mallee, is a species of mallee that is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has smooth bark, linear to lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, creamy white flowers and cup-shaped or conical fruit.

<i>Corymbia eremaea</i> Species of plant

Corymbia eremaea, commonly known as mallee bloodwood, hill bloodwood and centre range bloodwood, is a small, mallee-like tree that is endemic to central Australia. Indigenous Australians know the plant as muur-muurpa. It has rough, evenly tessellated bark, lance-shaped leaves, oval to pear-shaped flower buds arranged on a branching peduncle and urn-shaped fruit.

<i>Corymbia ferriticola</i> Species of plant

Corymbia ferriticola, commonly known as the Pilbara ghost gum, is a species of tree or a mallee that is endemic to Western Australia. It has smooth bark, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, creamy white flowers and shortened spherical to cylindrical fruit.

<i>Corymbia foelscheana</i> Species of plant

Corymbia foelscheana, commonly known as the broad-leaved bloodwood, fan-leaved bloodwood or smooth-barked bloodwood, is a species of small tree that is endemic to northern Australia. It has thin, rough, tessellated bark on some or all of the trunk, smooth bark above, broadly egg-shaped to broadly lance- shaped adult leaves, flower buds usually in groups of seven, creamy white flowers and urn-shaped fruit.

Eucalyptus vokesensis, commonly known as the Vokes Hill mallee, is a species of mallee that is endemic to South Australia. It has rough bark on the lower stems and larger branches, broadly lance-shaped to broadly egg-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in group of nine to thirteen, pale yellow flowers and cup-shaped to barrel-shaped fruit.

Eucalyptus atrata, commonly known as the Herberton ironbark or blue-leaved ironbark, is a small tree that is endemic to Queensland. It has hard, black "ironbark" on the trunk and all but the thinnest branches, lance-shaped adult leaves, buds usually arranged in groups of seven, white flowers and cup-shaped to hemispherical fruit. It is characterised by the blue-grey, powdery bloom on its leaves and flower buds.

Eucalyptus foliosa is a species of mallee that is endemic to Western Australia. It has a dense crown with foliage reaching to the ground, smooth greyish bark, linear to narrow lance-shaped or narrow oblong adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven or nine, white flowers and conical to shortened hemispherical fruit. It is only known from a small area near Esperance.

Eucalyptus tephrodes is a species of small tree or mallee that is endemic to Western Australia. It has rough bark on the trunk and larger branches, smooth bark above, egg-shaped to lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of three on the ends of branchlets and cup-shaped to hemispherical fruit.

Eucalyptus × balanopelex is a mallee that is endemic to a small area of the south-west of Western Australia. It has smooth bark, broadly lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, creamy-white flowers and hemispherical fruit. It is thought to be a hybrid between E. kessellii subsp. eugnosta and E. semiglobosa.

<i>Eucalyptus semiglobosa</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus semiglobosa is a species of mallee or small tree that is endemic to the south coast of Western Australia. It has smooth bark, broadly lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, creamy white flowers and ribbed or wrinkled, shortened spherical or hemispherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus socialis <span style="font-style:normal;">subsp.</span> eucentrica</i> Subspecies of plant

Eucalyptus socialis subsp. eucentrica, commonly known as the inland red mallee, is a subspecies of mallee that is endemic to inland Australia. It usually has rough bark on the base of the trunk, smooth bark above, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and eleven, pale creamy yellow flowers and barrel-shaped to urn-shaped or spherical fruit.

References

  1. 1 2 "Eucalyptus aquatica". APC. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 "Broad-leaved Sally - profile". New South Wales Government Office of Environment and Heritage. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
  3. 1 2 Hill, Ken. "Eucalyptus aquatica". Royal Botanic Garden Sydney. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
  4. ↑ Johnson, Lawrence; Hill, Kenneth (26 September 1990). "New taxa and combinations in Eucalyptus and Angophora (Myrtaceae)". Telopea. 4 (1): 56. doi: 10.7751/telopea19904916 .
  5. ↑ "Eucalyptus ovata var. aquatica". APNI. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
  6. ↑ Brown, Roland Wilbur (1956). The Composition of Scientific Words. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. p. 844.
  7. 1 2 "Approved Conservation Advice for Eucalyptus aquatica (Mountain Swamp Gum)" (PDF). Australian Government Department of the Environment. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
  8. ↑ "Eucalyptus camphora subsp. camphora". Euclid: Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
  9. ↑ Shepherd, John; Keyzer, Vanessa (27 May 2014). "Ecology of Eucalyptus aquatica (Myrtaceae), a restricted eucalypt confined to montane swamp (fen) habitat in south-eastern Australia". Cunninghamia. 14 (1): 63-76.
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