Eucolaspis

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Eucolaspis
COLE Chrysomelidae Eucolaspis brunnea.png
Eucolaspis brunnea
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Coleoptera
Family: Chrysomelidae
Subfamily: Eumolpinae
Tribe: Eumolpini
Genus:Eucolaspis
Sharp, 1886 [1]
Type species
Colaspis puncticollis
(= Colaspis pallidipennis White, 1846)
Broun, 1880 [2]

Eucolaspis is a genus of leaf beetles in the subfamily Eumolpinae. It is native to New Zealand, where it is a serious pest of apple trees and other fruit crops. [3] The genus has also been reported from Fiji. [4] [5]

A genus is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms, as well as viruses, in biology. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus.

Leaf beetle Family of beetles

The insects of the beetle family Chrysomelidae are commonly known as leaf beetles, and include over 37,000 species in more than 2,500 genera, making up one of the largest and most commonly encountered of all beetle families. Numerous subfamilies are recognized, but only some of them are listed below. The precise taxonomy and systematics are likely to change with ongoing research.

Eumolpinae Subfamily of leaf beetles

The Eumolpinae are a subfamily of the leaf beetles, or Chrysomelidae. It is one of the largest subfamilies of leaf beetles, including more than 500 genera and 7000 species. They are oval, and convex in form, and measure up to 10 mm in size. Typical coloration for this subfamily of beetles ranges from bright yellow to dark red. Many species are iridescent or brilliantly metallic blue or green in appearance.

Contents

Taxonomy

The taxonomy of the genus is generally considered to be unresolved, as it is ambiguous how many species the genus contains. [3]

Fifteen species were described from New Zealand by Fabricius (1781), White (1846) and Broun (1880, 1893, 1909). In 1957, Shaw revised the genus, reducing the number of species in New Zealand to five (including two newly described species of his own). [2] However, later entomologists ignored Shaw's synonymy. [3] In the same year, two species of the genus were described from Fiji by Bryant and Gressitt. [4]

Johan Christian Fabricius Danish zoologist

Johan Christian Fabricius was a Danish zoologist, specialising in "Insecta", which at that time included all arthropods: insects, arachnids, crustaceans and others. He was a student of Carl Linnaeus, and is considered one of the most important entomologists of the 18th century, having named nearly 10,000 species of animals, and established the basis for the modern insect classification.

Adam White (zoologist) Scottish zoologist

Adam White was a Scottish zoologist.

Thomas Broun Soldier, farmer, teacher, entomologist

Thomas Broun was a New Zealand soldier, farmer, teacher and entomologist. He was born in Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland on 15 July 1838.

In 2015, using morphological and genetic evidence, several researchers proposed instead just three lineages (or putative species) of the genus in the mainland of New Zealand, using the names Eucolaspis puncticollis(Broun, 1880), Eucolaspis picticornis Broun, 1893 and Eucolaspis jucunda(Broun, 1880). [3] However, in 2019, Spanish entomologist Jesús Gómez-Zurita analysed the diversity and distribution of the genus, and his observations generally agreed with the conclusions of Shaw's 1957 revision, identifying at least five species of Eucolaspis in New Zealand. In addition, he described a new species, Eucolaspis kotatou , from Te Paki, near Cape Reinga. [6]

Cape Reinga cape

Cape Reinga / Te Rerenga Wairua (Māori) is the northwesternmost tip of the Aupouri Peninsula, at the northern end of the North Island of New Zealand. Cape Reinga is more than 100 km north of the nearest small town of Kaitaia. State Highway 1 extends all the way to the cape, but until 2010 was unsealed gravel road for the last 19 km. Suitable vehicles can also travel much of the way via Ninety Mile Beach and Kauaeparaoa Stream stream bed.

Species

New Zealand species, according to Shaw (1957) [2] and Gómez-Zurita (2019): [6]

Fiji species, according to Bryant & Gressitt (1957): [4]

Related Research Articles

Colaspoides is a genus of leaf beetles in the subfamily Eumolpinae. It is one of the largest genera in the subfamily, containing over 100 species worldwide. It is an extant genus but there is at least one species, C. eocenicus, found in Baltic amber from the Upper Eocene of Russia, and the genus has also been reported from the Miocene of the Dominican Republic.

Afroeurydemus is a genus of leaf beetles in the subfamily Eumolpinae, found in Africa. The genus was separated from Eurydemus in 1965 by Brian J. Selman, who moved all African species of Eurydemus he had seen to this genus or related African genera and considered it likely that Eurydemus was restricted to Fiji. Many species were also originally placed in Syagrus.

Acronymolpus is a genus of leaf beetles in the subfamily Eumolpinae. They are endemic to New Caledonia. There are two species placed in the genus, both of which are sexually dimorphic; the females are large and reddish, and the males are small and black.

Eumolpini Tribe of leaf beetles

Eumolpini is a tribe of leaf beetles in the subfamily Eumolpinae.

<i>Demotina</i> Genus of leaf beetles

Demotina is a genus of leaf beetles in the subfamily Eumolpinae. There are over 50 described species in Demotina. The genus is native to Asia, Australia and Oceania, though one species is an adventive species in the southeastern United States in North America. Some species are known to be parthenogenetic.

Hyperaxis is a genus of leaf beetles in the subfamily Eumolpinae. It is distributed in East and Southeast Asia.

Rhyparida is a genus of leaf beetles in the subfamily Eumolpinae. It is distributed in the Australasian and Indomalayan realms, though some species are also known from the African islands of Madagascar and Seychelles.

Dumbea is a genus of leaf beetles in the subfamily Eumolpinae. It is known from the South Province of New Caledonia, and is named after Dumbéa, a town nearby Nouméa. This name was originally used by the French entomologist Charles Adolphe Albert Fauvel to house several species of Eumolpinae from New Caledonia, but Fauvel's Dumbea was unpublished and is currently a nomen nudum. The genus was established based on general proportions and body size, and may be polyphyletic or paraphyletic.

Pagria is a genus of leaf beetles in the subfamily Eumolpinae. It is known from Africa, Asia and Australia.

Basilepta is a genus of leaf beetles in the subfamily Eumolpinae. It is generally distributed in Asia. A single species is also known from central Africa.

Stethotes is a genus of leaf beetles in the subfamily Eumolpinae.

Aulexis is a genus of leaf beetles in the subfamily Eumolpinae. It is distributed in East and Southeast Asia.

Dematochroma is a genus of leaf beetles in the subfamily Eumolpinae. It is mostly distributed in New Caledonia, though it is also found on Lord Howe Island, Norfolk Island and Timor. It is possibly polyphyletic or paraphyletic.

Cleoporus is a genus of leaf beetles in the subfamily Eumolpinae. It is known from Asia.

Kumatoeides is a genus of leaf beetles in the subfamily Eumolpinae. The genus is endemic to New Caledonia. The genus was first erected in 2018 by Spanish entomologist Jesús Gómez-Zurita. The generic name is the Latin transliteration of the Greek adjective κυματοειδής, meaning "corrugated", referring to the regular striae on the elytra of the beetles.

Nodina is a genus of leaf beetles in the subfamily Eumolpinae. It is distributed in Asia.

Damelia is a genus of leaf beetles in the subfamily Eumolpinae. It is known from Fiji and Solomon Islands.

Phytorus is a genus of leaf beetles in the subfamily Eumolpinae. It is distributed in Southeast Asia.

Callisina is a genus of leaf beetles in the subfamily Eumolpinae. It is distributed in Asia.

References

  1. ↑ Sharp, D. (1886). "On New Zealand Coleoptera, with descriptions of new genera and species". The Scientific transactions of the Royal Dublin Society. 2. 3: 351–454, plates XII-XIII.
  2. 1 2 3 Shaw, S. (1957). "A revision of the New Zealand genera Eucolaspis Sharp and Atrichatus Sharp (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) with descriptions of two new species". Annals and Magazine of Natural History . 12. 10 (117): 641–655. doi:10.1080/00222935708656008.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Doddala, P.R.C.; Minor, M.A.; Rogers, D.J.; Trewick, S.A. (2015). "Fifteen into Three Does Go: Morphology, Genetics and Genitalia Confirm Taxonomic Inflation of New Zealand Beetles (Chrysomelidae: Eucolaspis)". PLOS One . 10 (11): e0143258. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143258 . PMC   4657921 . PMID   26600380.
  4. 1 2 3 Bryant, G. E.; Gressitt, J. L. (1957). "Chrysomelidae of Fiji (Coleoptera)" (PDF). Pacific Science . 11 (1): 2–91. hdl:10125/8611.
  5. ↑ Evenhuis, Neal L. (2013). "Fiji Coleoptera Checklist". hbs.bishopmuseum.org. Retrieved 20 July 2018.
  6. 1 2 Gómez-Zurita, Jesús (2019). "Comments on the taxonomy and distribution of Eucolaspis Sharp and Atrichatus Sharp in New Zealand and description of E. kotatou sp. nov. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae, Eumolpinae)". New Zealand Entomologist. Latest articles. doi:10.1080/00779962.2019.1660451.


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