F. Dean Toste

Last updated
Dean Toste
Born
Francisco Dean Toste

1971 (age 5253)
Alma mater University of Toronto B.Sc. (1993) M.Sc. (1995)
Stanford University Ph.D. (2000)
Known for Organogold chemistry
asymmetric ion-pairing catalysis
Scientific career
FieldsChemistry
Institutions University of California, Berkeley
Thesis Part A. Phenols in palladium catalyzed reactions. Enantioselective total syntheses of (-)-galanthamine, (-)-aflatoxin B(1) and (-)-calanolide A and B. Part B. Ruthenium catalyzed carbon-carbon bond forming reactions  (2001)
Doctoral advisor Barry Trost
Other academic advisors Robert H. Grubbs
Ian Still
Website www.cchem.berkeley.edu/toste/index.html

F. Dean Toste (born 1971 in Terceira, Azores, Portugal) is the Gerald E. K. Branch Distinguished Professor of Chemistry at the University of California, Berkeley and faculty scientist at the chemical sciences division of Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. He is a prominent figure in the field of organic chemistry and is best known for his contributions to gold chemistry [1] and asymmetric ion-pairing catalysis. [2] Toste was elected a member of the National Academy of Sciences in 2020, [3] [4] and a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2018. [5]

Contents

Education and training

Toste attended the University of Toronto for his undergraduate and masters studies in the group of Ian Still. [6] With Still, Toste developed several novel reactions of thiocyanates [7] [8] [9] [10] that were then applied towards the synthesis of the natural product Varacin. [11] He earned his B.Sc. in 1993 and his M.Sc. in 1995. Toste attended graduate school at Stanford University, earning his PhD under the supervision of Barry Trost in 2000 [12] While at Stanford, Toste published twenty-four publications on a range of topics, including phenols in palladium-catalyzed reactions, [13] [14] [15] and ruthenium-catalyzed carbon-carbon bond forming reactions. [16] [17] He also completed the enantioselective total syntheses of the natural products (−)-galanthamine, [18] (−)-aflatoxin B1 [19] [20] and (−)-calanolide A and B. [21]

From 2001 to 2002, Toste conducted postdoctoral studies at the California Institute of Technology with Robert H. Grubbs, where he worked on ruthenium-catalyzed cross-metathesis variants of the olefin metathesis reaction. [22] [23] [24]

Independent career

Toste joined the faculty at Berkeley in 2002 as an assistant professor. He was promoted to associate professor in 2006, and professor in 2009. In 2017, Toste was appointed the Gerald E. K. Branch Distinguished Professor. He has served as a faculty scientist at the chemical sciences division of Lawrence Berkeley National Lab since 2007. [25]

Awards and honors

Toste is the recipient of numerous awards for his work, including the Janssen Prize for Creativity in Organic Synthesis in 2018, [26] the Humboldt Research Award in 2016, [27] the Catalysis in Organic Chemistry Award from the Royal Society of Chemistry in 2018, and the American Chemical Society Cope Scholar and E. J. Corey Awards. [25]

Related Research Articles

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aflatoxin total synthesis</span> Total synthesis of the group of organic compounds

Aflatoxin total synthesis concerns the total synthesis of a group of organic compounds called aflatoxins. These compounds occur naturally in several fungi. As with other chemical compound targets in organic chemistry, the organic synthesis of aflatoxins serves various purposes. Traditionally it served to prove the structure of a complex biocompound in addition to evidence obtained from spectroscopy. It also demonstrates new concepts in organic chemistry and opens the way to molecular derivatives not found in nature. And for practical purposes, a synthetic biocompound is a commercial alternative to isolating the compound from natural resources. Aflatoxins in particular add another dimension because it is suspected that they have been mass-produced in the past from biological sources as part of a biological weapons program.

The Negishi coupling is a widely employed transition metal catalyzed cross-coupling reaction. The reaction couples organic halides or triflates with organozinc compounds, forming carbon-carbon bonds (C-C) in the process. A palladium (0) species is generally utilized as the metal catalyst, though nickel is sometimes used. A variety of nickel catalysts in either Ni0 or NiII oxidation state can be employed in Negishi cross couplings such as Ni(PPh3)4, Ni(acac)2, Ni(COD)2 etc.

A carbometallation is any reaction where a carbon-metal bond reacts with a carbon-carbon π-bond to produce a new carbon-carbon σ-bond and a carbon-metal σ-bond. The resulting carbon-metal bond can undergo further carbometallation reactions or it can be reacted with a variety of electrophiles including halogenating reagents, carbonyls, oxygen, and inorganic salts to produce different organometallic reagents. Carbometallations can be performed on alkynes and alkenes to form products with high geometric purity or enantioselectivity, respectively. Some metals prefer to give the anti-addition product with high selectivity and some yield the syn-addition product. The outcome of syn and anti- addition products is determined by the mechanism of the carbometallation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Barry Trost</span> American chemist

Barry M. Trost is an American chemist who is the Job and Gertrud Tamaki Professor Emeritus in the School of Humanities and Sciences at Stanford University. The Tsuji-Trost reaction and the Trost ligand are named after him. He is prominent for advancing the concept of atom economy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Liebeskind–Srogl coupling</span>

The Liebeskind–Srogl coupling reaction is an organic reaction forming a new carbon–carbon bond from a thioester and a boronic acid using a metal catalyst. It is a cross-coupling reaction. This reaction was invented by and named after Jiri Srogl from the Academy of Sciences, Czech Republic, and Lanny S. Liebeskind from Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. There are three generations of this reaction, with the first generation shown below. The original transformation used catalytic Pd(0), TFP = tris(2-furyl)phosphine as an additional ligand and stoichiometric CuTC = copper(I) thiophene-2-carboxylate as a co-metal catalyst. The overall reaction scheme is shown below.

Metal carbon dioxide complexes are coordination complexes that contain carbon dioxide ligands. Aside from the fundamental interest in the coordination chemistry of simple molecules, studies in this field are motivated by the possibility that transition metals might catalyze useful transformations of CO2. This research is relevant both to organic synthesis and to the production of "solar fuels" that would avoid the use of petroleum-based fuels.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hydrogen auto-transfer</span>

Hydrogen auto-transfer, also known as borrowing hydrogen, is the activation of a chemical reaction by temporary transfer of two hydrogen atoms from the reactant to a catalyst and return of those hydrogen atoms back to a reaction intermediate to form the final product. Two major classes of borrowing hydrogen reactions exist: (a) those that result in hydroxyl substitution, and (b) those that result in carbonyl addition. In the former case, alcohol dehydrogenation generates a transient carbonyl compound that is subject to condensation followed by the return of hydrogen. In the latter case, alcohol dehydrogenation is followed by reductive generation of a nucleophile, which triggers carbonyl addition. As borrowing hydrogen processes avoid manipulations otherwise required for discrete alcohol oxidation and the use of stoichiometric organometallic reagents, they typically display high levels of atom-economy and, hence, are viewed as examples of Green chemistry.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Josiphos ligands</span>

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Catellani reaction</span>

The Catellani reaction was discovered by Marta Catellani and co-workers in 1997. The reaction uses aryl iodides to perform bi- or tri-functionalization, including C-H functionalization of the unsubstituted ortho position(s), followed a terminating cross-coupling reaction at the ipso position. This cross-coupling cascade reaction depends on the ortho-directing transient mediator, norbornene.

In organic chemistry, the Fujiwara–Moritani reaction is a type of cross coupling reaction where an aromatic C-H bond is directly coupled to an olefinic C-H bond, generating a new C-C bond. This reaction is performed in the presence of a transition metal, typically palladium. The reaction was discovered by Yuzo Fujiwara and Ichiro Moritani in 1967. An external oxidant is required to this reaction to be run catalytically. Thus, this reaction can be classified as a C-H activation reaction, an oxidative Heck reaction, and a C-H olefination. Surprisingly, the Fujiwara–Moritani reaction was discovered before the Heck reaction.

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References

  1. Johansson, Magnus J.; Gorin, David J.; Staben, Steven T.; Toste, F. Dean (2005-12-01). "Gold(I)-Catalyzed Stereoselective Olefin Cyclopropanation". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 127 (51): 18002–18003. doi:10.1021/ja0552500. ISSN   0002-7863. PMID   16366541.
  2. Hamilton, Gregory L.; Kang, Eun Joo; Mba, Miriam; Toste, F. Dean (2007-07-27). "A Powerful Chiral Counterion Strategy for Asymmetric Transition Metal Catalysis". Science. 317 (5837): 496–499. Bibcode:2007Sci...317..496H. doi:10.1126/science.1145229. ISSN   0036-8075. PMID   17656720. S2CID   14368583.
  3. "2020 NAS Election".
  4. "F. Dean Toste". www.nasonline.org. Retrieved 2021-05-24.
  5. "F. Dean Toste". American Academy of Arts & Sciences. Retrieved 2021-05-24.
  6. Toste, Francisco Dinarco (1995). The total synthesis of varacin: novel applications of thiocyanate in organic synthesis (M.Sc. Thesis). University of Toronto. ISBN   0612075486.
  7. Toste, F. Dean; Stefano, Vittorio De; Still, Ian W. J. (2006-09-23). "A Versatile Procedure for the Preparation of Aryl Thiocyanates Using N-Thiocyanatosuccinimide (NTS)". Synthetic Communications. 25 (8): 1277–1286. doi:10.1080/00397919508012691.
  8. Toste, F.Dean; Laronde, Frank; Still, Ian W.J. (1995-04-24). "Thiocyanate as a versatile synthetic unit: Efficient conversion of ArSCN to aryl alkyl sulfides and aryl thioesters". Tetrahedron Letters. 36 (17): 2949–2952. doi:10.1016/0040-4039(95)00445-I. ISSN   0040-4039.
  9. Toste, F.Dean; Still, Ian W.J. (1995-06-19). "Preparation of t-butyl sulfides by a novel ligand-transfer reaction of aryl thiocyanates". Tetrahedron Letters. 36 (25): 4361–4364. doi:10.1016/0040-4039(95)00798-H. ISSN   0040-4039.
  10. Still, Ian W. J.; Toste, F. Dean (1996-01-01). "Reduction of Aryl Thiocyanates with SmI2 and Pd-Catalyzed Coupling with Aryl Halides as a Route to Mixed Aryl Sulfides". The Journal of Organic Chemistry. 61 (22): 7677–7680. doi:10.1021/jo961029h. ISSN   0022-3263. PMID   11667721.
  11. Toste, F. Dean; Still, Ian W. J. (1995). "A New Route to the Synthesis of the Naturally Occurring Benzopentathiepin Varacin". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 117 (27): 7261–7262. doi:10.1021/ja00132a033. ISSN   0002-7863.
  12. Toste, Francisco Dean (2001). Part A : phenols in palladium catalyzed reactions. Enantioselective total syntheses of (--)-galanthamine, (--)-aflatoxin B₁ and (--)-calanolide A and B. Part B : ruthenium catalyzed carbon-carbon bond forming reactions (3 vols., Ph.D. Thesis). Stanford University.
  13. Trost, Barry M.; Toste, F. Dean (1998). "Asymmetric O- and C-Alkylation of Phenols". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 120 (4): 815–816. doi:10.1021/ja972453i. ISSN   0002-7863.
  14. Trost, B. M.; Toste, F. D. (1999-04-30). "Regio- and Enantioselective Allylic Alkylation of an Unsymmetrical Substrate: A Working Model". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 121 (19): 4545–4554. doi:10.1021/ja9828713. ISSN   0002-7863.
  15. Trost, Barry M.; Toste, F. Dean; Greenman, Kevin (2003-03-20). "Atom Economy. Palladium-Catalyzed Formation of Coumarins by Addition of Phenols and Alkynoates via a Net C−H Insertion". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 125 (15): 4518–4526. doi:10.1021/ja0286573. ISSN   0002-7863. PMID   12683822.
  16. Trost, Barry M.; Toste, F. Dean (2000). "Ruthenium-Catalyzed Cycloisomerizations of 1,6- and 1,7-Enynes". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 122 (4): 714–715. doi:10.1021/ja993401r. ISSN   0002-7863.
  17. Trost, Barry M.; Toste, F. Dean; Shen, Hong (2000-02-25). "Ruthenium-Catalyzed Intramolecular [5 + 2] Cycloadditions". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 122 (10): 2379–2380. doi:10.1021/ja993400z. ISSN   0002-7863.
  18. Trost, Barry M.; Toste, F. Dean (2000-10-25). "Enantioselective Total Synthesis of (−)-Galanthamine". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 122 (45): 11262–11263. doi:10.1021/ja002231b. ISSN   0002-7863.
  19. Trost, Barry M.; Toste, F. Dean (1999-04-01). "Palladium-Catalyzed Kinetic and Dynamic Kinetic Asymmetric Transformation of 5-Acyloxy-2-(5H)-furanone. Enantioselective Synthesis of (−)-Aflatoxin B Lactone". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 121 (14): 3543–3544. doi:10.1021/ja9844229. ISSN   0002-7863.
  20. Trost, Barry M.; Toste, F. Dean (2003). "Palladium Catalyzed Kinetic and Dynamic Kinetic Asymmetric Transformations of γ-Acyloxybutenolides. Enantioselective Total Synthesis of (+)-Aflatoxin B1and B2a". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 125 (10): 3090–3100. doi:10.1021/ja020988s. ISSN   0002-7863. PMID   12617676.
  21. Trost, Barry M.; Toste, F. Dean (1998-09-01). "A Catalytic Enantioselective Approach to Chromans and Chromanols. A Total Synthesis of (−)-Calanolides A and B and the Vitamin E Nucleus". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 120 (35): 9074–9075. doi:10.1021/ja981142k. ISSN   0002-7863.
  22. Toste, F. Dean; Chatterjee, Arnab K.; Grubbs, Robert H. (2002-01-01). "Functional group diversity by ruthenium-catalyzed olefin cross-metathesis". Pure and Applied Chemistry (in German). 74 (1): 7–10. doi: 10.1351/pac200274010007 . ISSN   1365-3075. S2CID   96948773.
  23. Chatterjee, Arnab K.; Toste, F. Dean; Choi, Tae-Lim; Grubbs, Robert H. (2002). "Ruthenium-Catalyzed Olefin Cross Metathesis of Styrenes as an Alternative to the Heck and Cross-Coupling Reactions". Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis. 344 (6–7): 634–637. doi:10.1002/1615-4169(200208)344:6/7<634::AID-ADSC634>3.0.CO;2-K. ISSN   1615-4169.
  24. Chatterjee, A. K.; Toste, F. D.; Goldberg, S. D.; Grubbs, Robert H. (2003-01-01). "Synthesis of coumarins by ring-closing metathesis". Pure and Applied Chemistry (in German). 75 (4): 421–425. doi: 10.1351/pac200375040421 . ISSN   1365-3075. S2CID   98121109.
  25. 1 2 "Dean Toste CV (2020)" (PDF).
  26. "Janssen Prize for Creativity in Organic Synthesis - Prof. F. D. Toste". www.janssenpharmaceuticaprize.com. Retrieved 2021-05-24.
  27. "Professor Dean Toste recipient of prestigious Humboldt Research Award | College of Chemistry". chemistry.berkeley.edu. Retrieved 2021-05-24.