Gandaulim Gaundalim | |
---|---|
Village | |
Coordinates: 15°30′44.5″N73°56′28.9″E / 15.512361°N 73.941361°E | |
Country | India |
State | Goa |
District | North Goa |
Sub District | Ilhas |
Government | |
• Type | Panchayat |
• Sarpanch | unknown |
Elevation | 8 m (26 ft) |
Population (2021) | |
• Total | approx. 300 |
Demonym | Gandaulicar |
Languages | |
• Official | Konkani |
• Also spoken (understood) | English, Marathi, Hindi |
• Historical | Portuguese |
Religions | |
• Dominant | Christianity |
• Minor | Hinduism |
• Historical | Roman Catholicism |
Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
Postcode | 403505 |
Telephone code | 08343 |
Gandaulim is a village located on the western bank of the Cumbarjua Canal, within Ilhas in the state of Goa, India. Some Croatian writers have claimed that it was a colonial outpost of the Republic of Ragusa.
Gandaulim might have been a spice trading post of the Republic of Ragusa in the early modern period. [1]
In the annals of 1605, Jakov Lukarević noted that Ragusan merchants invested in decorating a local church. [2] Portuguese traveler Gomes Catão documented the town to have a population of 12,000, where wealthy ladies were carried to the churches by slaves in canopies. [1] Catão also remarked the church to be modeled on an eponymous church in Dubrovnik. [1] These claims have since been adopted into the popular memory of the inhabitants of Gandaulim, and Ragusans are now credited for the very construction of the church; however, the factual accuracy of this remains disputed. [1] [3] [lower-alpha 1]
Some historians have used these arguments to make assumptions about the existence of a Ragusan colony. [2] [1] [lower-alpha 2] Serbian economic historian Nicholas Mirkovich had lamented in 1943 about the lack of contemporary Ragusan sources to draft a history of their exploits in India. [3]
Interest in the connection was revived in 1999, when Croatian Indologist Zdravka Matišić discovered a reference to ties between Ragusa and Goa by chance while studying Sanskrit texts in India. [1] [4] [5] That same year, Croatian author Karmen Bašić noted that while nothing definitive could be said about Ragusan arrival and departure from Goa, there was a "substantial body of evidence and sources vouching for Ragusa’s presence" and its role in the global spice trade, though the notion of a colony linked to the Saint Blaise (São Brás) church at Gandaulim remained "somewhat of a mystery". [1]
In 2016, a bridge was constructed on the outskirts of the village, over the canal. This bridge now links the islands of Ilhas de Goa to Cumbarjua. [6] [7]
Gandaulim was a site of a historical fortress, which was demolished in early 21st century for a road expansion project.
Dubrovnik is a city in southern Dalmatia, Croatia, by the Adriatic Sea. It is one of the most prominent tourist destinations in the Mediterranean, a seaport and the centre of the Dubrovnik-Neretva County. Its total population is 41,562. In 1979, the city of Dubrovnik was added to the UNESCO list of World Heritage Sites in recognition of its outstanding medieval architecture and fortified old town.
Old Goa is a historical site and city situated on the southern banks of the River Mandovi, within the Tiswadi taluka (Ilhas) of North Goa district, in the Indian state of Goa.
The State of India, also referred as the Portuguese State of India or simply Portuguese India, was a state of the Portuguese Empire founded six years after the discovery of a sea route to the Indian subcontinent by Vasco da Gama, a subject of the Kingdom of Portugal. The capital of Portuguese India served as the governing centre of a string of military forts and trading posts scattered all over the Indian Ocean.
Fort Lovrijenac or St. Lawrence Fortress, Italian Fortezza di San Lorenzo, often called "Dubrovnik's Gibraltar", is a fortress and theater outside the western wall of the city of Dubrovnik in Croatia, 37 metres (121 ft) above sea level. Famous for its plays and importance in resisting Venetian rule, it overshadows the two entrances to the city, from the sea, and by land. Early in the 11th century, the Venetians attempted to build a fort on the same spot where Fort Lovrijenac currently stands. If they had succeeded, they would have kept Dubrovnik under their power, but the people of the city beat them to it. The "Chronicles of Ragusa" reveal how the fort was built within just three months and from then on constantly reconstructed. When the Venetian ships arrived, full of materials for the construction of the fort, they were told to return to Venice. The Croatian leg of the Red Bull Cliff Diving World Series takes place in Lovrijenac.
The Republic of Ragusa was an aristocratic maritime republic centered on the city of Dubrovnik in South Dalmatia that carried that name from 1358 until 1808. It reached its commercial peak in the 15th and the 16th centuries, before being conquered by Napoleon's French Empire and formally annexed by the Napoleonic Kingdom of Italy in 1808. It had a population of about 30,000 people, of whom 5,000 lived within the city walls. Its motto was "Non bene pro toto libertas venditur auro", a Latin phrase which can be translated as "Liberty is not well sold for all the gold".
Chorão, also known as Choddnnem or Chodan, is an island along the Mandovi River near Tiswadi, Goa, India. It is the largest among other 17 islands of Goa. It is located 5 kilometres away from the state capital, the city of Panaji and 10 kilometres away from the city of Mapusa.
The island of Divar lies in the Mandovi river in the Indian state of Goa.
Loutolim or Loutulim is a large village of South Goa district in the state of Goa, India. It is an important settlement in the Salcete sub-district.
Tiswadi, formerly known as Ilhas, is a taluka in the district of North Goa, situated in the Indian coastal state of Goa. It is an estuarine island situated on the confluence of the Mandovi and Zuari rivers. It was one of the first territories to be annexed by the Portuguese in the 16th century. Both the state capital Panaji, and the erstwhile capital Old Goa lie within the sub-district. It is the biggest and the most populated of the six major islands between the Mandovi and Zuari rivers.
This article is a comprehensive list of all the actual possessions of the Portuguese Empire.
Gabela is a village in southern Bosnia and Herzegovina, 5 kilometres south of Čapljina and 4 kilometers from Metković, in Croatia. It is situated in the navigable lower course of the Neretva, off the major road linking the coast with the mountainous hinterland.
Libertas is a 2006 Croatian-Italian co-production film directed by Veljko Bulajić. It is a biographical film about the 16th-century playwright Marin Držić and his conflict with authorities of the Republic of Ragusa.
The Walls of Dubrovnik are a series of defensive stone walls surrounding the city of Dubrovnik in southern Croatia. Ramparts were built in the outlying areas of the city, including the mountain slopes as part of a set of statues from 1272. The existing city walls were constructed mainly during the 13th–17th centuries. The walls run an uninterrupted course of approximately 1,940 metres (6,360 ft) in length, encircling most of the old city, and reach a maximum height of about 25 metres (82 ft).
The Diu Fortress is a Portuguese-built fortification located on the west coast of India in Diu. The fortress was built as part of Portuguese India's defensive fortifications at the eastern tip of the island of Diu during the 16th century. The fortress, which borders on the town of Diu, was built in 1535 subsequent to a defense alliance forged by Bahadur Shah, the Sultan of Gujarat and the Portuguese when Humayun, the Mughal Emperor attempted to annex this territory. It was strengthened over the years, till 1546. The Portuguese ruled over this territory from 1537 until the Indian invasion of December 1961. Today it is a landmark of Diu and one of the Seven Wonders of Portuguese Origin in the World.
St Estevam is an estuarine islet in the Tiswadi taluka, Goa state, India. St Estevam is commonly referred as Jūvã (Isle) and has earned the monicker Šākêchô Jūvõ—the island of vegetables—famed for its long, seven-ridged, light green ladyfingers. Therefore, the people of Jūvã came to be nicknamed bhennddem. The island is named after St. Stephen. It is one of Goa's most prosperous villages, often quoted by ex-Chief Minister Pratapsingh Rane for having a high per capita income.
Santa Cruz Assembly constituency is one of the original Goa Legislative Assembly constituency seats in the Tiswadi Taluka of North Goa District in the State of Goa. The other constituencies in Tiswadi are Panaji, Taleigao, St. Andre and Cumbarjua.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Goa:
The Cumbarjua Canal is a distributary channel formed by the merger of the Mandovi and Zuari rivers in Goa, India. Its flow has led to the formation of river deltas; the most prominent of them are Ilhas de Goa, Cumbarjua and St Estevam.
The Gandaulim Fort, also called the Gaudelupchar Fort was a military installation built on the eastern tip of the Ilhas de Goa. It is believed to date from the 16th-century. The fortress was allegedly built to defend the settlement of São Braz. It also housed a chapel dedicated to St. Blaise, which later was elevated into a church in 1563.
Jakov Lukarević or Lukarić was a Ragusan Franciscan prelate of the Catholic Church who served as the bishop of Trebinje-Mrkan from 1563 to his death in 1575. Previously, Lukarević served as the provincial of the Ragusan Franciscan Province on three separate occasions – 1544–47; 1550–53 and 1559–62. He also participated in the final phase of the Council of Trent.
U Goi, na zapadnoj obali indijskoga potkontinenta, trgovci iz Dubrovnika bogato su uresili crkvu Sv. Vlaha (São Braz). Na temelju toga svjedočanstva, koje navodi Jakov Lukarević (1605),[21] neki su istraživači pretpostavili postojanje dubrovačke kolonije São Braz u blizini Goe, ali za potvrdu te tvrdnje za sad nema dovoljno dokaza (Bašić, 1999: 85–93).