Glaucocharis harmonica

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Glaucocharis harmonica
Glaucocharis harmonica male.jpg
Male
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Crambidae
Subfamily: Crambinae
Tribe: Diptychophorini
Genus: Glaucocharis
Species:
G. harmonica
Binomial name
Glaucocharis harmonica
(Meyrick, 1888) [1]
Synonyms [2]
  • Diptychophora harmonicaMeyrick, 1888
  • Pareromene harmonica(Meyrick, 1888)

Glaucocharis harmonica is a moth in the family Crambidae. [1] This species was described by Edward Meyrick in 1888. It is endemic to New Zealand and is found in the North and South Islands. It inhabits lowland to subalpine native forest. It has been hypothesised that there are two broods per year. The larval hosts are unknown. Adults are on the wing from October until January.

Contents

Taxonomy

This species was first described by Edward Meyrick in 1888 using specimens collected in the Waitākere Ranges in December and named Diptychophora harmonica. [3] George Hudson discussed and illustrated this species under that name in his 1928 book The butterflies and moths of New Zealand. [4] In 1929 Alfred Philpott studied the male genitalia of this species. [5] However the labelling of the male genitalia drawing is confused with P. auriscriptella as the captions have been reversed. [6] In 1971 David Gaskin placed this species in the genus Pareromene. [6] In 1985 Gaskin again discussed this species and placed it in the genus Glaucocharis. [7] The lectotype specimen is held at the Natural History Museum, London. [2]

Description

Illustration of the female Fig 38 MA I437618 TePapa Plate-XIX-The-butterflies full (cropped).jpg
Illustration of the female

Meyrick described the species as follows:

Male. — 12-13 mm. Head white. Palpi white, externally ochreous-tinged, towards apex slightly infuscated. Antennae whitish. Thorax white, with a few fuscous scales. Abdomen light grey. Legs white. Forewings triangular, costa slightly arched, apex obtuse, hindmargin oblique, twice sinuate-indented on upper half ; white, suffused with pale ochreous-greyish except towards inner margin ; lines very slender, dark fuscous, thickened at extremities ; first from beyond 1⁄4 of costa to middle of inner margin, strongly curved, nearly preceded on costa by a small dark fuscous oblique mark, and on lower half by a wedge-shaped dark fuscous streak from inner margin ; a transverse leaden-grey-metallic discal spot, lower extremity becoming obscurely whitish- ochreous ; a small dark fuscous spot on costa above this ; second line from 2⁄3 of costa to 3⁄4 of inner margin, very strongly curved outwards on upper 2⁄3, below this slightly sinuate, margined on costa with white wedge-shaped streaks, on lower half followed by a fainter similar line enclosing a white line ; a yellow-ochreous space extending from discal spot to hindmargin, interrupting second line, cut by three parallel longitudinal leaden-grey-metallic purplish-tinged streaks, not reaching discal spot, upper alone reaching hindmargin ; a white almost apical oblique mark from costa, separated from white margin of second line by a fuscous suffusion ; space between lower half of second line and hindmargin, yellow-ochreous, suffusedly irrorated with dark fuscous ; three black dots on hindmargin below middle, central subquadrate : cilia shining metallic bronzy-grey, with a strong black basal line. Hindwings grey ; cilia whitish, with a grey basal line, and a faint cloudy grey median shade. [3]

Gaskin stated that this species can be differentiated from G. bipunctella as G. harmonica has metallic markings on the subterminal costa of the forewing as well as silvery markings on the veins in the subterminal region. [6]

Distribution

G. harmonica is endemic to New Zealand. [8] It is found both in the North and South Islands. [4]

Habitat and hosts

This species inhabits lowland to subalpine native forest. [6] The larval host is unknown but is likely to be species of moss. [9]

Behaviour

Gaskin hypothesised that there were two broods per year. [6] The adults of this species are on the wing from October until January. [6]

Related Research Articles

<i>Maoricrambus</i> Genus of moths

Maoricrambus is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae. It contains only one species, Maoricrambus oncobolus, which is endemic to New Zealand. This species is classified as Nationally Endangered by the Department of Conservation.

<i>Glaucocharis chrysochyta</i> Species of moth

Glaucocharis chrysochyta is a species of moth in the family Crambidae. This species was first described by Edward Meyrick in 1882. It is endemic to New Zealand and is found throughout the country. It inhabits native forest. Larvae appear to feed on moss and likely pupate there. Adult moths are on the wing from November to March. They fly at night and are attracted to light.

<i>Heterocrossa gonosemana</i> Species of moth

Heterocrossa gonosemana is a species of moth in the family Carposinidae. It is endemic to New Zealand.

<i>Gadira leucophthalma</i> Species of moth

Gadira leucophthalma, the beaked moss moth, is a moth in the family Crambidae. It is endemic to New Zealand. It is found in the south eastern side of the South Island down to Banks Peninsula. G. leucophthalma inhabits the foredunes of coastal areas. The larval host is unknown but it has been hypothesised that the larvae feed on moss. The adult moths are day flying although some specimens have been trapped at night via light traps. Adults are commonly on the wing from March to April. This species has been classified as Nationally Vulnerable by the Department of Conservation.

<i>Glaucocharis bipunctella</i> Species of moth

Glaucocharis bipunctella is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Francis Walker in 1866. This species is endemic to New Zealand and has been found in the Auckland region, in the southern parts of the North Island and in the Nelson region. It inhabits dense native forest. Larvae of this species have been raised on liverworts. Adults are on the wing in November to January and are attracted to light.

<i>Glaucocharis elaina</i> Species of moth

Glaucocharis elaina is a species of moth in the family Crambidae. This species was described by Edward Meyrick in 1882. It is endemic to New Zealand and is found throughout the North and South Island with the exception of the extreme south of the South Island. The preferred habitat of this species is lowland native forest and as adults the species is attracted to broken ground including road or rail cuttings. Larvae feed on moss species including those in the genus Funaria. This species has two distinct broods during each year. Adults are on the wing from October to April, are nocturnal and are attracted to light.

<i>Glaucocharis auriscriptella</i> Species of insect

Glaucocharis auriscriptella, also known as the yellow silverling, is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was first described by Francis Walker in 1864 and is endemic to New Zealand. This species can be found in the North, South, Stewart and Great Barrier Islands. The preferred habitat of this moth is lowland and subalpine native forest as well as wetlands. The larvae feed on moss. The adult moth is day flying and is on the wing from November to February. It can be observed in colonies and can be attracted to light at night. This species likely has only one generation per year.

<i>Glaucocharis lepidella</i> Species of moth

Glaucocharis lepidella is a species of moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Francis Walker in 1866. It is endemic to New Zealand and is found in both the North and South Island. The species inhabits lowland to subalpine native forest. Larvae may feed on mosses. Adults are on the wing from November to February and are attracted to light.

<i>Glaucocharis epiphaea</i> Species of moth

Glaucocharis epiphaea is a species of moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1885. It is endemic to New Zealand and has been observed in both the North and South Islands. G. epiphaea prefers mountainous habitat and frequents very damp spots including alpine and subalpine moss bogs. Larvae feed on the moss Dawsonia superba. Adults are on the wing from September until March and are diurnal.

<i>Glaucocharis pyrsophanes</i> Species of moth

Glaucocharis pyrsophanes is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1882. It is endemic to New Zealand.

<i>Antiscopa acompa</i> Species of moth, endemic to New Zealand

Antiscopa acompa is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was first described by Edward Meyrick in 1884. It is endemic to New Zealand and is found both the North and South Islands. The species inhabits native forest and adult moths are attracted to light.

<i>Tingena chloritis</i> Species of moth, endemic to New Zealand

Tingena chloritis is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and has been found in the South Island. Larvae of this species feed on leaf litter. The adults of this species are light flyers and are attracted to light.

<i>Tingena crotala</i> Species of moth, endemic to New Zealand

Tingena crotala is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and is found both in the North and South Islands. This species inhabits native forest and is on the wing in November and December.

<i>Tingena hemimochla</i> Species of moth, endemic to New Zealand

Tingena hemimochla is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and has been observed in the North Island. Adults of this species are on the wing from December until March.

<i>Tingena horaea</i> Species of moth, endemic to New Zealand

Tingena horaea is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and have been observed in both the North and South Islands. The adults are on the wing in January.

<i>Tingena letharga</i> Species of moth, endemic to New Zealand

Tingena letharga is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and has been observed in Otago. Adults are on the wing in December and January.

<i>Tingena siderota</i> Species of moth, endemic to New Zealand

Tingena siderota is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and has been observed at Mount Arthur, Arthur's Pass and in the Hawkes Bay. The adults of this species are on the wing in January and are said to be abundant on the flowers of species in the genus Aciphylla.

<i>Trachypepla leucoplanetis</i> Species of moth endemic to New Zealand

Trachypepla leucoplanetis is a moth of the family Oecophoridae first described by Edward Meyrick in 1883. It is endemic to New Zealand and has been collected in both the North and South Islands. It is the smallest moth species in the genus Trachypepla and the patterns on the forewings of adults are variable in appearance. It inhabits native forest and bush and the larvae feed on leaf litter. Adults are on the wing from October until February. T. leucoplanetis is regarded as being rarely observed and has been collected via the beating of foliage.

<i>Trachypepla photinella</i> Species of moth endemic to New Zealand

Trachypepla photinella is a moth of the family Oecophoridae first described by Edward Meyrick in 1883. It is endemic to New Zealand and has been collected in Wellington, Wainuiomata, D'Urville Island and Christchurch. The preferred habitat of this species is native forest and adults are on the wing from December until February.

<i>Trachypepla protochlora</i> Species of moth endemic to New Zealand

Trachypepla protochlora is a moth of the family Oecophoridae first described by Edward Meyrick in 1883. It is endemic to New Zealand and is found in both the North and South Islands. The preferred habitat of this species is native forest and adults are on the wing from October until February. Adults can be variable in their green shaded colour as well as in the intensity of markings on their forewings. The greenish ground colouration of this moth ensures they are well camouflaged when at rest on green mosses and lichens.

References

  1. 1 2 Gordon, Dennis P., ed. (2010). New Zealand Inventory of Biodiversity. Vol. 2 Kingdom Animalia: Chaetognatha, Ecdysozoa, Ichnofossils. Christchurch, N.Z.: Canterbury University Press. p. 457. ISBN   9781877257933. OCLC   973607714.
  2. 1 2 John Stewart Dugdale (23 September 1988). "Lepidoptera - annotated catalogue, and keys to family-group taxa". Fauna of New Zealand. Department of Scientific and Industrial Research. 14: 144. doi:10.7931/J2/FNZ.14. ISSN   0111-5383. Wikidata   Q45083134.
  3. 1 2 Edward Meyrick (May 1888). "Notes on New Zealand Pyralidina". Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand . 20: 71. ISSN   1176-6166. Wikidata   Q124059700.
  4. 1 2 George Vernon Hudson (1928), The butterflies and moths of New Zealand, Illustrator: George Hudson, Wellington: Ferguson and Osborn Limited, p. 175, LCCN   88133764, OCLC   25449322, Wikidata   Q58593286
  5. ↑ Alfred Philpott (1929). "The male genitalia of the New Zealand Crambidae". Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute. 60 (3): 491–514. ISSN   1176-6158. Wikidata   Q124044081.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 David Edward Gaskin (1971). "A revision of New Zealand Diptychophorini (Lepidoptera; Pyralidae; Crambinae)". New Zealand Journal of Science. 14: 779–780. ISSN   0028-8365. Wikidata   Q110236267.
  7. ↑ David E. Gaskin (20 December 1985). "Morphology and reclassification of the Australasian, Melanesian and Polynesian Glaucocharis Meyrick (Lepidoptera : Crambinae : Diptychophorini)". Australian Journal of Zoology. Supplementary Series. 33 (115): 1. doi:10.1071/AJZS115. ISSN   0310-9089. Wikidata   Q54618937.
  8. ↑ "Glaucocharis harmonica (Meyrick, 1888)". www.nzor.org.nz. Landcare Research New Zealand Ltd. Retrieved 2018-01-20.
  9. ↑ Gaskin, David Edward (1968), Systematics and biogeography of the New Zealand sub-family Crambinae (Lepidoptera Pyralidae), Massey Research Online, hdl:10179/3748, Wikidata   Q112030018
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