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Ross 248, also called HH Andromedae or Gliese 905, is a small star approximately 10.30 light-years from Earth in the northern constellation of Andromeda. Despite its proximity it is too dim to be seen with the naked eye. It was first catalogued by Frank Elmore Ross in 1926 with his second list of proper-motion stars; on which count it ranks 261st in the SIMBAD database. It was too dim to be included in the Hipparcos survey. In about 40,000 years, Voyager 2 will pass 1.7 light-years from the star.
Gliese 876 is a red dwarf star 15.2 light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Aquarius. It is one of the closest known stars to the Sun confirmed to possess a planetary system with more than two planets, after GJ 1061, YZ Ceti, Tau Ceti, and Wolf 1061; as of 2018, four extrasolar planets have been found to orbit the star. The planetary system is also notable for the orbital properties of its planets. It is the only known system of orbital companions to exhibit a near-triple conjunction in the rare phenomenon of Laplace resonance. It is also the first extrasolar system around a normal star with measured coplanarity. While planets b and c are located in the system's habitable zone, they are giant planets believed to be analogous to Jupiter.
Gliese 436 is a red dwarf located 31.9 light-years away in the zodiac constellation of Leo. It has an apparent visual magnitude of 10.67, which is much too faint to be seen with the naked eye. However, it can be viewed with even a modest telescope of 2.4 in (6 cm) aperture. In 2004, the existence of an extrasolar planet, Gliese 436 b, was verified as orbiting the star. This planet was later discovered to transit its host star.
61 Virginis is the Flamsteed designation of a G-type main-sequence star (G7V) slightly less massive than the Sun, located 27.8 light-years away in the constellation of Virgo. The composition of this star is nearly identical to the Sun.
Struve 2398 is a binary star system in the northern constellation of Draco. Struve 2398 is star number 2398 in the Struve Double Star Catalog of Russian-German astronomer Friedrich Georg Wilhelm von Struve. The astronomer's surname, and hence the star identifier, is sometimes indicated by a Greek sigma, Σ; hence, this system can be listed with the identifier Σ 2398. Although the components are too faint to be viewed with the naked eye, this star system is among the closest to the Sun. Parallax measurements by the Gaia spacecraft give them an estimated distance of 11.5 light-years away.
DX Cancri is a variable star in the northern zodiac constellation of Cancer. With an apparent visual magnitude of 14.81, it is much too faint to be seen with the naked eye. Visually viewing this star requires a telescope with a minimum aperture of 16 in (41 cm). Based upon parallax measurements, DX Cancri is located at a distance of 11.8 light-years from Earth. This makes it the 18th closest star to the Sun.
Gliese 687, or GJ 687 (Gliese–Jahreiß 687) is a red dwarf in the constellation Draco. This is one of the closest stars to the Sun and lies at a distance of 14.84 light-years. Even though it is close by, it has an apparent magnitude of about 9, so it can only be seen through a moderately sized telescope. Gliese 687 has a high proper motion, advancing 1.304 arcseconds per year across the sky. It has a net relative velocity of about 39 km/s. It is known to have a Neptune-mass planet. Old books and articles refer to it as Argelander Oeltzen 17415.
Gliese 849, or GJ 849, is a small, solitary star in the equatorial constellation of Aquarius. It has a reddish hue and is invisible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 10.41. The distance to this star is 28.8 light-years based on parallax, but it is drifting closer to the Sun with a radial velocity of −15.3 km/s. It has a pair of confirmed gas giant companions.
Gliese 832 is a red dwarf of spectral type M2V in the southern constellation Grus. The apparent visual magnitude of 8.66 means that it is too faint to be seen with the naked eye. It is located relatively close to the Sun, at a distance of 16.2 light years and has a high proper motion of 818.16 milliarcseconds per year. Gliese 832 has just under half the mass and radius of the Sun. Its estimated rotation period is a relatively leisurely 46 days. The star is roughly 6 billion years old.
Gliese 412 is a pair of stars that share a common proper motion through space and are thought to form a binary star system. The pair have an angular separation of 31.4″ at a position angle of 126.1°. They are located 15.8 light-years distant from the Sun in the constellation Ursa Major. Both components are relatively dim red dwarf stars.
GJ 3379 is the nearest star in the Orion constellation, located at a distance of 17 light years from the Sun based on parallax. It is a single star with an apparent visual magnitude of +11.31 and an absolute magnitude of +12.71, therefore, the star is not visible with the naked eye. It is positioned in the upper left part of the Orion constellation, to the SSE of Betelgeuse. This star is drifting further away with a radial velocity of +30.0 kilometers per second. In the past, this star had a relatively close encounter with the Solar System. Some 161,000±6,000 years ago, it achieved a minimum distance of 4.08 ± 0.20 ly (1.25 ± 0.06 pc).
Gliese 433 is a dim red dwarf star with multiple exoplanetary companions, located in the equatorial constellation of Hydra. The system is located at a distance of 29.6 light-years from the Sun based on parallax measurements, and it is receding with a radial velocity of +18 km/s. Based on its motion through space, this is an old disk star. It is too faint to be viewed with the naked eye, having an apparent visual magnitude of 9.81 and an absolute magnitude of 10.07.
Gliese 806 is a star in the northern constellation of Cygnus, located about a degree to the southeast of the bright star Deneb. It is invisible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of +10.79. The star is located at a distance of 39.3 light years from the Sun based on stellar parallax. It is drifting closer with a radial velocity of −24.6 km/s, and is predicted to come to within 30.1 light-years in ~198,600 years. The star hosts two known planetary companions.
Gliese 521 is a double star in the northern constellation of Canes Venatici. The system is located at a distance of 43.6 light-years from the Sun based on parallax measurements, but is drawing closer with a radial velocity of −65.6 km/s. It is predicted to come as close as 15.70 light-years from the Sun in 176,900 years. This star is too faint to be visible to the naked eye, having an apparent visual magnitude of +10.26 and an absolute magnitude of 10.24.
Gliese 754 is a dim star in the southern constellation of Telescopium. It has an apparent visual magnitude of 12.25, which requires a telescope to view. The star is located at a distance of 19.3 light-years from the Sun based on parallax, and it is drifting further away with a radial velocity of +6 km/s. It is one of the hundred closest stars to the Solar System. Calculations of its orbit around the Milky Way showed that it is eccentric, and indicate that it might be a thick disk object.
Gliese 408 is a star located 22.0 light-years from the Solar System, located in the constellation of Leo. The stars nearest to Gliese 408 are Gliese 402, at 6.26 light years, and AD Leonis, at 6.26 light years.
Gliese 402 is a star located 22.7 light years from the Solar System. Located in the constellation of Leo, it is also known as Wolf 358 from its entry in Max Wolf's star catalogue. The stars nearest to Gliese 402 are Gliese 393, at 3.43 light years, Gliese 408, at 6.26 light years, and Gliese 382 at 6.66 light years.
Gliese 49 is a star in the northern constellation of Cassiopeia. Visually, it is located 106 arcminutes north of the bright star γ Cassiopeiae. With an apparent visual magnitude of 9.56, it is not observable with the naked eye. It is located, based on the reduction of parallax data of Gaia, 32.1 light-years away from the Solar System. The star is drifting closer to the Sun with a radial velocity of −6 km/s.
Gliese 686 is a star in the constellation of Hercules, with an apparent magnitude +9.577. Although it is close to the Solar System – at 26.6 light-years – it is not the closest known star in its constellation, since Gliese 661 is 20.9 light years away. The closest system to this star is the bright μ Herculis, at 4.5 light years. They are followed by GJ 1230 and Gliese 673, at 7.2 and 7.6 light years respectively.
Gliese 569 is a ternary star system composed of a main-sequence star orbited by a pair of brown dwarfs in the constellation of Boötes about 32 light years away.
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 Vallenari, A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2023). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 674: A1. arXiv: 2208.00211 . Bibcode:2023A&A...674A...1G. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202243940 . S2CID 244398875. Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Jenkins, J. S.; Ramsey, L. W.; Jones, H. R. A.; Pavlenko, Y.; Gallardo, J.; Barnes, J. R.; Pinfield, D. J. (October 2009), "Rotational Velocities for M Dwarfs", The Astrophysical Journal, 704 (2): 975–988, arXiv: 0908.4092 , Bibcode:2009ApJ...704..975J, doi:10.1088/0004-637X/704/2/975, S2CID 119203469.
- ↑ Nidever, David L.; et al. (August 2002), "Radial Velocities for 889 Late-Type Stars", The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, 141 (2): 503–522, arXiv: astro-ph/0112477 , Bibcode:2002ApJS..141..503N, doi:10.1086/340570, S2CID 51814894.
- 1 2 3 4 "Gliese 809 (HIP 103096)". Ashland Astronomy Studio. Archived from the original on 15 April 2014. Retrieved 28 March 2014.
- 1 2 Houdebine, E. R. (September 2010), "Observation and modelling of main-sequence star chromospheres - XIV. Rotation of dM1 stars", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 407 (3): 1657–1673, Bibcode:2010MNRAS.407.1657H, doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.16827.x .
- 1 2 "GJ 809". SIMBAD . Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg . Retrieved 2015-07-06.
