Golling an der Salzach

Golling an der Salzach
Golling an der Salzach
	Town centre
	; Coat of arms
	Golling an der Salzach Location within Austria
	Coordinates: 47°36′00″N13°10′00″E / 47.60000°N 13.16667°E Coordinates: 47°36′00″N13°10′00″E / 47.60000°N 13.16667°E
Country	Austria
State	Salzburg
District	Hallein
Government
• Mayor	Anton Kaufmann (ÖVP)
Area [1]
• Total	82.2 km2 (31.7 sq mi)
Elevation	476 m (1,562 ft)
Population (2018-01-01) [2]
• Total	4,271
• Density	52/km2 (130/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code	5440
Area code	0 62 44
Vehicle registration	HA
Website	www.golling.salzburg.at

Last updated April 04, 2019

Golling an der Salzach is a market town in the Hallein district of Salzburg, Austria.

Market town or market right is a legal term, originating in the Middle Ages, for a European settlement that has the right to host markets, distinguishing it from a village and city. On the European continent, a town may be correctly described as a "market town" or as having "market rights", even if it no longer holds a market, provided the legal right to do so still exists.

Salzburg is a state (Land) of Austria. It is officially named Land Salzburg, colloquially Salzburgerland, to distinguish it from its eponymous capital Salzburg city and as such is the only state to be named after its capital. By its centuries-long history as an independent Prince-Bishopric, Salzburg's tradition differs from the other Austrian lands.

Austria, officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in Central Europe comprising 9 federated states. Its capital, largest city and one of nine states is Vienna. Austria has an area of 83,879 km² (32,386 sq mi), a population of nearly 9 million people and a nominal GDP of $477 billion. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Hungary and Slovakia to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west. The terrain is highly mountainous, lying within the Alps; only 32% of the country is below 500 m (1,640 ft), and its highest point is 3,798 m (12,461 ft). The majority of the population speaks local Bavarian dialects as their native language, and German in its standard form is the country's official language. Other regional languages are Hungarian, Burgenland Croatian, and Slovene.

Geography

It is located on the southern rim of the Tennengau region south of the city of Salzburg. Here at the confluence of the Salzach and its Lammer tributary, the river leaves the Salzachöfen Gorge between the Berchtesgaden Alps and the Tennen Mountains ranges of the Northern Limestone Alps and flows northwards into the broad Salzburg basin. The Hoher Göll massif of the Berchtesgaden Alps in the west comprise the Schwarzbachfall Cave and the 76 m (249 ft) high Golling Waterfall, a natural monument.

The Salzach is a river in Austria and Germany. It is a right tributary of the Inn and is 227 kilometres (141 mi) in length, its flow eventually joins the Danube. Its drainage basin of 6,829 km² (2,637 sq mi) comprises large parts of the Northern Limestone and Central Eastern Alps. 83% of its drainage basin lies in Austria, the remainder in Germany (Bavaria). Its largest tributaries are Lammer, Berchtesgadener Ache, Saalach, Sur and Götzinger Achen.

The Lammer river is a right tributary of the Salzach in Salzburg and is located below Hallein. The river rises in the Tennengebirge and flows from east to west, joining with the Salzach at Golling an der Salzach.

Berchtesgaden Alps mountain range of the Northern Limestone Alps

The Berchtesgaden Alps are a mountain range of the Northern Limestone Alps, named after the market town of Berchtesgaden located in the centre. The central part belongs to the Berchtesgadener Land district of southeastern Bavaria, Germany, while the adjacent area in the north, east and south is part of the Austrian state of Salzburg.

Parallel to the Salzach River, the historic Salzachtal Straße enters the narrow gorge at Lueg Pass. Golling station is a stop on the Salzburg-Tyrol Railway, served by ÖBB trains and the Salzburg suburban S-Bahn network. The market town also has access to the Tauern Autobahn (A10) from Salzburg to Villach.

Lueg Pass is a mountain pass or defile above the Salzachöfen Gorge in Salzburg State, Austria. The pass is at the western edge of the Tennen Mountains and is approximately 100 m (330 ft) above the Salzach river where Salzachöfen is at its narrowest. The terms Lueg Pass and Salzachöfen are sometimes used interchangeably to refer to the whole canyon. Lueg Pass, providing a natural access through the narrow gap, was historically one of the primary routes across the Northern Limestone Alps.

The Salzburg-Tyrol Railway is a main line railway in Austria. It runs through the states of Salzburg and Tyrol from the city of Salzburg to Wörgl and belongs to the core network (Kernnetz) of the Austrian Federal Railways (ÖBB). The section between Salzburg and Schwarzach-Sankt Veit is part of the Salzburg S-Bahn urban railway network.

The Austrian Federal Railways is the national railway system of Austria, and the administrator of Liechtenstein's railways. The ÖBB group is owned entirely by the Republic of Austria and is divided into several separate businesses that manage the infrastructure and operate passenger and freight services.

The municipal area comprises the cadastral communities of Golling, Torren, and Obergäu. Golling proper is colloquially just called Markt ("market").

A cadastral community or cadastral municipality, is a cadastral subdivision of municipalities in the nations of Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Serbia, Slovakia, the Italian provinces of South Tyrol, Trentino, Gorizia and Trieste, Slovenia, and the Netherlands. A cadastral community records property ownership in a cadastre, which is a register describing property ownership by boundary lines of the real estate.

History

The area on the road to the copper mines in the Pongau region in the south had been settled at least since the Bronze Age. Here a Roman road led from the city of Iuvavum (Salzburg) across the Eastern Alps to Aquileia in Italy.

Copper Chemical element with atomic number 29

Copper is a chemical element with symbol Cu and atomic number 29. It is a soft, malleable, and ductile metal with very high thermal and electrical conductivity. A freshly exposed surface of pure copper has a pinkish-orange color. Copper is used as a conductor of heat and electricity, as a building material, and as a constituent of various metal alloys, such as sterling silver used in jewelry, cupronickel used to make marine hardware and coins, and constantan used in strain gauges and thermocouples for temperature measurement.

The Bronze Age is a historical period characterized by the use of bronze, and in some areas proto-writing, and other early features of urban civilization. The Bronze Age is the second principal period of the three-age Stone-Bronze-Iron system, as proposed in modern times by Christian Jürgensen Thomsen, for classifying and studying ancient societies.

Eastern Alps is the name given to the eastern half of the Alps, usually defined as the area east of a line from Lake Constance and the Alpine Rhine valley up to the Splügen Pass at the Alpine divide and down the Liro River to Lake Como in the south. The peaks and mountain passes are lower compared to the Western Alps, while the range itself is broader and less arched.

Formerly held by the Bavarian counts of Plain, Golingen first appeared in a 1241 deed. It was the site of Golling Castle erected at the behest of the Salzburg Archbishop Eberhard II on a hill above the town. It served as seat of the local administration and to control the trade route passing the narrow Salzach Valley between Golling and Hohenwerfen Castle. The name is probably derived from Slavic golica ("bald mountain"). A market beneath the castle was already mentioned in 1284, market rights were officially granted about 1390. Golling was heavily devastated by the insurgents of the German Peasants' War in 1526.

The Duchy of Bavaria was a frontier region in the southeastern part of the Merovingian kingdom from the sixth through the eighth century. It was settled by Bavarian tribes and ruled by dukes (duces) under Frankish overlordship. A new duchy was created from this area during the decline of the Carolingian Empire in the late ninth century. It became one of the stem duchies of the East Frankish realm which evolved as the Kingdom of Germany and the Holy Roman Empire.

Burg Golling is a castle in Golling an der Salzach, in the Austrian state of Salzburg, erected by the Prince-Archbishops of Salzburg in the 13th century. The large fortress is located on a rock above the Salzach valley near the strategically important narrows between the Hagen and Tennen Mountains, at 469 metres (1,539 ft) above sea level.

Hohenwerfen Castle is a medieval rock castle, situated on a 623 metres (2,044 ft) precipice overlooking the Austrian market town of Werfen in the Salzach valley, approximately 40 kilometres (25 mi) south of Salzburg. The fortress is surrounded by the Berchtesgaden Alps and the adjacent Tennen Mountains. Hohenwerfen is a "sister" of Hohensalzburg Fortress, both built by the Archbishops of Salzburg in the 11th century.

The Pass Lueg ravine south of the town was further fortified by the Salzburg prince-archbishops during the Thirty Years' War. In September 1809, it was the site of heavy fighting, when Salzburg rebels made a stand against united Franco-Bavarian occupation forces during the War of the Fifth Coalition. They could however not prevent the annexation by the Kingdom of Bavaria according to the Treaty of Schönbrunn. With Salzburg, Golling finally passed to the Austrian Empire in 1816 by resolution of the Vienna Congress.

Politics

Seats in the municipal assembly (Gemeinderat) as of 2009 elections:

Austrian People's Party (ÖVP): 13
Social Democratic Party of Austria (SPÖ): 5
Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ): 3

Notable people

Joseph Mohr (1792–1848), who wrote the words to the Silent Night Christmas carol, served as priest of the Golling parish church from 1820 to 1821.

References

↑ "Dauersiedlungsraum der Gemeinden Politischen Bezirke und Bundesländer - Gebietsstand 1.1.2018". Statistics Austria. Retrieved 10 March 2019.
↑ "Einwohnerzahl 1.1.2018 nach Gemeinden mit Status, Gebietsstand 1.1.2018". Statistics Austria. Retrieved 9 March 2019.

External links

Municipal website (in German)
Tourist site

This Salzburg state location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.

[wikidata-f3373d889b3e667af72d1979ec2c3615f4e35537-v3-1] "Dauersiedlungsraum der Gemeinden Politischen Bezirke und Bundesländer - Gebietsstand 1.1.2018". Statistics Austria. Retrieved 10 March 2019.

[wikidata-e49e74cba12ebc857db3ff1e3141c6ab850aaa31-v3-2] "Einwohnerzahl 1.1.2018 nach Gemeinden mit Status, Gebietsstand 1.1.2018". Statistics Austria. Retrieved 9 March 2019.