Gunniopsis septifraga

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Green pigface
Gunniopsis septifraga.jpg
Gunniopsis septifraga near Binnu
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Caryophyllales
Family: Aizoaceae
Genus: Gunniopsis
Species:
G. septifraga
Binomial name
Gunniopsis septifraga
Synonyms [1]
  • Gunnia drummondii Benth.
  • Gunnia septifragaF.Muell.
  • Neogunnia drummondii(Benth.) Pax & K.Hoffm.
  • Neogunnia septifraga(F.Muell.) Pax & K.Hoffm.

Gunniopsis septifraga, commonly known as green pigface, [2] is a species of flowering plant in the iceplant family, Aizoaceae and is endemic to Australia. It is a prostrate to tuft-forming annual herb, with oblong to lance-shaped leaves and small greenish flowers, that grows around salt lakes.

Contents

Description

Gunniopsis septifrage is a prostrate to tuft-forming, ephemeral, annual herb that typically grows to 5 cm (2.0 in) high and 15 cm (5.9 in) wide. It has thick, yellow, glabrous to sparsely hairy stems and oblong to lance-shaped leaves with the narrower end towards the base, 5–15 mm (0.20–0.59 in) long and 1–5 mm (0.039–0.197 in) wide. The flowers are arranged singly and sessile, or on a short pedicel, with the perianth 2.5–6 mm (0.098–0.236 in) long and fused for about one-third of its length with four triangular lobes. The inside of the perianth is green and the outside greenish yellow, the lobes usually alternating with four stamens. Flowering occurs from July to October and the fruit is a capsule that is more or less spherical with a cylindrical tip, and contains wrinkled, white to transparent, comma-shaped seeds. [3] [4] [5] [6]

Taxonomy

This species was first formally described as Gunnia septifraga by Ferdinand von Mueller in 1859 in Report on the Plants Collected During Mr. Babbage's Expedition into the North West Interior of South Australia in 1858, presented to the Parliament of Victoria. The type specimens were collected near "Stuart's Creek" by Joseph Herrgott. [7] [8]

In 1867 George Bentham described Gunnia drummondii in Flora Australiensis [9] [10] but both Gunnia septifraga and G. drummondii were later reclassified as Neogunnia septifraga and N. drummondii by Ferdinand Pax and Käthe Hoffmann in Adolf Engler and Karl Anton Eugen Prantl's 1934 work Die Naturlichen Pflanzenfamilien . [11] [12]

In 1983, Robert Chinnock changed the name Neogunnia saxifraga to Gunniopsis saxifraga in the Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Gardens , the genus Gunniopsis having been described in 1889 by Pax. Chinnock considered Neogunnia drummondii to be a synonym of N. saxifraga and that interpretation is accepted by the Australian Plant Census. [4] [13] [14] The specific epithet (septifraga) means to break and refers to how the seed pod breaks open. [2] [15]

Distribution

Green pigface grows in extremely saline situations, around the edges and in the damp bottoms of salt lakes and salt pans, often forming dense patches around Tecticornia shrubs. It occurs in the Mid West, Wheatbelt and Goldfields-Esperance regions of Western Australia and in arid inland areas of the Northern Territory, South Australia and New South Wales. [3] [4] [5]

Related Research Articles

Ferdinand Albin Pax

Ferdinand Albin Pax was a German botanist specializing in spermatophytes. A collaborator of Adolf Engler, he wrote several monographs and described several species of plants and animals from Silesia and the Carpathians. He was a professor at Wrocław University from 1893. His son Ferdinand Albert Pax (1885–1964) was a noted zoologist.

Adolf Engler German botanist (1844–1930)

Heinrich Gustav Adolf Engler was a German botanist. He is notable for his work on plant taxonomy and phytogeography, such as Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien, edited with Karl A. E. von Prantl.

One of the prime systems of plant taxonomy, the Engler system was devised by Adolf Engler (1844–1930), and is featured in two major taxonomic texts he authored or coauthored. His influence is reflected in the use of the terms "Engler School" and "Engler Era". Engler's starting point was that of Eichler who had been the first to use phylogenetic principles, although Engler himself did not think that his was.

<i>Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien</i> German textbook on plant systematics, initially published 1887–1915

Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien (1887–1915) by Adolf Engler (1844–1930) and Karl Anton Prantl is a complete revision of plant families down to generic level and often even further. As such it forms part of the Engler system of plant taxonomy.

<i>Sarcomelicope</i>

Sarcomelicope is a genus of about ten species flowering plants in family Rutaceae endemic to the South Pacific. Plants in the genus Sarcomelicope are shrubs to medium-sized trees with simple leaves and flowers arranged in panicles in leaf axils, separate male and female flowers with four sepals and four petals that are free from each other and overlapping at the base. Male flowers have eight stamens that are free from each other and female flowers have four carpels that are fused, at least at the base with two ovules in each carpel. The fruit is a drupe of four carpels, partly or completely fused, and the seeds are dark brown to black.

<i>Disphyma</i>

Disphyma is a genus of flowering plants in the family Aizoaceae that are native to New Zealand, Australia and southern Africa. Plants in this genus are prostrate, annual or short-lived perennial shrubs with succulent leaves and daisy-like flowers arranged singly on the ends of shoots with petal-like staminodes, many stamens and usually five styles.

Disphyma crassifolium, commonly known as round-leaved pigface, is a species of flowering plant in the family Aizoaceae and is native to the Australia and the Cape Provinces of South Africa. It is a prostrate, succulent annual shrub or short-lived Perennial plant with stems up to 2 m long, leaves that are three-sided in cross-section with a rounded lower angle, and purple daisy-like flowers with staminodes up to 30 mm (1.2 in) long.

Corispermoideae

The Corispermoideae are a subfamily of the Amaranthaceae, formerly in family Chenopodiaceae.

<i>Gunniopsis</i>

Gunniopsis is a genus of flowering plants in the iceplant family, Aizoaceae. These plants are found in areas of inland Australia.

Gunniopsis quadrifida, the Sturts pigface, is a plant endemic to Australia that is within the family Aizoaceae. This family consists of a diverse array of species that inhabit arid and/or saline coastal and inland areas, with the plants displaying leaf morphology that is conducive to such harsh environments. Typical features of members of this genus that lie within this family of succulents includes the presence of fleshy-leaves that acts as a water reservoir for the plant with the habit of a smalls shrub.

Gunniopsis calcarea, commonly known as the Nullarbor Gunniopsis or the yellow flowered pigface, is a succulent plant in the iceplant family, Aizoaceae. It is endemic to Australia.

Gunniopsis zygophylloides, commonly known as the twin-leaf pigface, is a succulent plant in the iceplant family, Aizoaceae. It is endemic to Australia.

Gunniopsis divisa is a succulent plant in the iceplant family, Aizoaceae. It is endemic to Western Australia.

Gunniopsis calva, commonly known as the smooth pigface, is a succulent plant in the iceplant family, Aizoaceae. It is endemic to Australia.

Gunniopsis rubra is a succulent plant in the iceplant family, Aizoaceae. It is endemic to Western Australia.

Gunniopsis tenuifolia, commonly known as the narrow-leaf pigface, is a succulent plant in the iceplant family, Aizoaceae. It is endemic to Australia.

<i>Gunniopsis papillata</i> Species of plant

Gunniopsis papillata, commonly known as the twin-leaved pigface, is a species of succulent plant in the iceplant family, Aizoaceae and is endemic to inland areas of Australia. It is an annual herb with pimply, spatula-shaped to egg-shaped leaves and flowers with white or yellow petals.

Gunniopsis kochii, commonly known as the Koch's pigface, is a succulent plant in the iceplant family, Aizoaceae. It is endemic to Australia.

<i>Cololejeunea</i>

Cololejeunea is a genus of liverworts in the family Lejeuneaceae.

<i>Sarcozona</i>

Sarcozona, commonly known as pigfaces, is a genus of two species of flowering plants in the family Aizoaceae, both species endemic to Australia. They are small, erect or low-lying, succulent perennials with leaves that are triangular in cross-section and arranged in opposite pairs, and daisy-like flowers with twenty to eighty petal-like staminodes and up to 150 stamens.

References

  1. 1 2 "Gunniopsis septifraga". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 29 October 2020.
  2. 1 2 "Gunniopsis septifraga (Aizoaceae) Green Pigface". Seeds of South Australia. South Australian Seed Conservation Service. Retrieved 29 October 2020.
  3. 1 2 "Gunniopsis septifraga (F.Muell.) Chinnock". PlantNET. National Herbarium of New South Wales. Retrieved 17 January 2017.
  4. 1 2 3 Chinnock, Robert (1983). "The Australian Genus Gunniopsis Pax (Aizoaceae)". Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Garden. 6 (2): 172–174.
  5. 1 2 "Gunniopsis septifraga". FloraBase . Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.
  6. Venning, Julianne. "Gunniopsis septifraga". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment: Canberra. Retrieved 29 October 2020.
  7. "Gunnia septifraga". APNI. Retrieved 29 October 2020.
  8. von Mueller, Ferdinand (1859). Report on the Plants Collected During Mr Babbage's Expedition into the North Weste Interior of South Australia in 1858. Melbourne: Government Printer. p. 9. Retrieved 29 October 2020.
  9. "Gunnia drummondii". APNI. Retrieved 29 October 2020.
  10. Bentham, George (1867). Flora Australiensis. London: Lovell Reeve & Co. pp. 327–328. Retrieved 29 October 2020.
  11. "Neogunnia septifraga". APNI. Retrieved 29 October 2020.
  12. "Neogunnia drummondii". APNI. Retrieved 29 October 2020.
  13. "Gunniopsis". APNI. Retrieved 29 October 2020.
  14. Pax, Ferdinand; Engler, Adolf (ed.); Prantl, Karl Anton Eugen (ed.) (1889). Die Naturlichen Pflanzenfamilien. Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann. p. 44. Retrieved 29 October 2020.CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link)
  15. Francis Aubie Sharr (2019). Western Australian Plant Names and their Meanings. Kardinya, Western Australia: Four Gables Press. p. 305. ISBN   9780958034180.