| Gyalolechia flavovirescens | |
|---|---|
 | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Lecanoromycetes |
| Order: | Teloschistales |
| Family: | Teloschistaceae |
| Genus: | Gyalolechia |
| Species: | G. flavovirescens |
| Binomial name | |
| Gyalolechia flavovirescens (Wulfen) Søchting, Frödén & Arup (2013) | |
| Synonyms [1] | |
| |
Gyalolechia flavovirescens is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. [2]
The species was first formally described by Franz Xaver von Wulfen in 1787, as Lichen flavovirescens. [3] During its taxonomic history it has been proposed for transfers into the genera Blastenia , Lecanora , Lecidea , and Caloplaca by various authors. [1] In 2013, Ulrik Søchting, Patrik Frödén, and Ulf Arup transferred it to the genus Gyalolechia as part of a molecular phylogenetics-led restructuring of the Teloschistaceae. [4]
A variety of this species, Gyalolechia flavovirescens var. persica, was described by Ödön Szatala in 1940 based on a specimen collected in Iran. This variety is characterised by a yellow thallus with tall, convex areoles and orange apothecia (fruiting bodies) measuring 0.3–0.5 mm in diameter. It has been found growing on calcareous rock alongside Caloplaca bullata and Candelariella oleaginescens . [5]
A study published in 2019 examined the survivability of Gyalolechia flavovirescens under high doses of helium-beam radiation, simulating aspects of the space environment. The researchers measured respiration and photosynthetic rates as indicators of the lichen's vital signs. They found that while photosynthetic rates decreased with increased radiation doses, respiration rates remained relatively constant even at doses above 10 Gy. This suggests that G. flavovirescens may be able to survive in cosmic radiation environments even after losing photosynthetic ability. The study's authors posit that these findings have implications for theories of panspermia and the potential for interplanetary transfer of life. [6]
Fulgensia is a fungal genus in the family Teloschistaceae. The genus was circumscribed by Abramo Bartolommeo Massalongo and Giuseppe De Notaris in 1853, with Fulgensia vulgaris assigned as the type species. Although the genus has had several species in it at times in its taxonomic history, it is now monotypic, as most of its former species have been transferred to Gyalolechia or other Teloschistaceae genera.
Gyalolechia is a genus of lichen-forming fungi belonging to the family Teloschistaceae. It contains 18 species of crustose lichens.
Athallia is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Teloschistaceae. It was circumscribed in 2013 by Ulf Arup, Patrik Frödén, and Ulrik Søchting, and the type species is Athallia holocarpa. The genus name means "without a thallus".
Villophora is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the subfamily Teloschistoideae of the family Teloschistaceae. It has 9 species. The genus was circumscribed in 2013 by Ulrik Søchting, Ulf Arup, and Patrik Frödén. They assigned Villophora isidioclada as the type, and at that time, only species in the genus. This lichen, previously classified in Caloplaca, is found in South America, Antarctica, and some subantarctic islands. Several additional species were added to the genus in 2021. The generic name Villophora means "carrying filaments".
Calogaya pusilla is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It was originally formally described in 1852 by Italian lichenologist Abramo Bartolommeo Massalongo, who placed it in genus Physcia. The type specimen was collected in Veneto, Italy. It has undergone several changes of genus in its taxonomic history, including transfers to Caloplaca, Placodium, and Teloschistes. In 2013, it was placed in the newly circumscribed genus Calogaya.
Calogaya arnoldii is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen that is common and widespread in Europe and Asia. It is in the family Teloschistaceae. It was first formally described as a new species in 1876 by Hugh Algernon Weddell, as a species of Lecanora. After being transferred to Caloplaca in 1915, it was considered as a member of that genus for nearly a century. Molecular phylogenetic studies showed Caloplaca to be polyphyletic, and it was divided up into several smaller genera in 2013. Calogaya arnoldii was one of eight species transferred to the newly circumscribed Calogaya by Ulf Arup, Patrik Frödén, and Ulrik Søchting. The lichen is part of a species complex with complicated taxonomy, and in which intermediate phenotypes are frequently observed, making it difficult to reliably distinguish them. Calogaya saxicola is one such similar species, and it has often been confused with C, arnoldii in areas where they co-occur, as the differences between them are subtle.
Xanthocarpia feracissima is a species of saxicolous, crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It was first formally described as a new species in 1953 by Swedish lichenologist Adolf Hugo Magnusson, as a member of the genus Caloplaca. The type specimen was collected in 1939 by John Walter Thomson in Lake Koshkonong, Wisconsin. In the original description, Magnusson notes a similarity to the lichen now known as Gyalolechia flavovirescens, but distinguishes the new species by its lack of a visible thallus, the sordid-reddish color of its discs, and the "unusually narrow" septa of the spores. Patrik Frödén, Ulf Arup, and Ulrik Søchting transferred the taxon to Xanthocarpia in 2013, following molecular phylogenetic analysis of the family Teloschistaceae.
Xanthocarpia crenulatella is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae.
Austroplaca hookeri is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It was originally described by Carroll William Dodge in 1965, as Gasparrinia hookeri. The type specimen was originally collected by British botanist and explorer Joseph Dalton Hooker on Cockburn Island; the species is named in his honour. The taxon was transferred to the large genus Caloplaca in 2004, and again to the genus Austroplaca in 2013 as part of a restructuring of the family Teloschistaceae.
Stellarangia namibensis is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It was first formally described in 1988 by Ingvar Kärnefelt, as a member of the genus Caloplaca. The type specimen was collected by the author from the gravel flats east of Cape Cross, in Omaruru, Namibia. The same species was collected from Angola by Austrian botanist Friedrich Welwitsch in 1859. The taxon was transferred to the genus Stellarangia in 2013 by Ulrik Søchting and colleagues, as part of a molecular phylogenetics-based restructuring of the Teloschistaceae.
Sirenophila gintarasii is a species of lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. Found in Australia, it was formally described as a new species in 2009 by lichenologists Sergey Kondratyuk and Ingvar Kärnefelt, as a member of the genus Caloplaca. The type specimen was collected by the authors from the Camel Rock reserve. There it was found growing on coastal rock outcrops, along with the crustose species Sirenophila eos and Dufourea ligulata, some of which had been deformed by the lichenicolous fungus species Arthonia sytnikii and Pyrenidium actinellum. The species epithet honours Tasmanian lichen lichenologist Gintaras Kantvilas. Ulf Arup and colleagues transferred the taxon to the genus Sirenophila in 2013, following a molecular phylogenetics-based restructuring of the family Teloschistaceae. Sirenophila gintarasii occurs in New South Wales and Victoria.
Sirenophila eos is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It was first formally described as a new species in 2007 by Sergey Kondratyuk and Ingvar Kärnefelt, as Caloplaca eos. The type specimen was collected from rhyolite outcrops in New South Wales. Ulf Arup and colleagues transferred the taxon to the newly circumscribed genus Sirenophila in 2013, following a molecular phylogenetics-based restructuring of the Teloschistaceae.
Squamulea squamosa is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), squamulose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. Found in southwestern North America, it was first formally described by Maurice Bouly de Lesdain in 1933, as Placodium squamosum. Alexander Zahlbruckner proposed a transfer to genus Caloplaca in 1940, and the lichen was known as a member of that genus for more than seven decades. Ulf Arup and colleagues transferred the taxon to the genus Squamulea in 2013, following a molecular phylogenetics-based restructuring of the family Teloschistaceae.
Athallia scopularis is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It was first formally described by Finnish lichenologist William Nylander in 1883 as a member of the genus Lecanora. After having been shuffled to several genera in its taxonomic history, it was transferred to the genus Athallia in 2013 following a molecular phylogenetics-led restructuring of the Teloschistaceae. This lichen grows on sun-lit seaside siliceous rocks, particularly those covered with guano from resting birds. It has been recorded from the Atlantic coasts of North America, Northern Europe, and Greenland.
Flavoplaca austrocitrina is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is widely distributed in Europe, and has also been recorded in South America.
Flavoplaca limonia is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It was first formally described as a new species in 1994 by lichenologists Pier Luigi Nimis and Josef Poelt. Ulf Arup and colleagues transferred the taxon to the genus Flavoplaca in 2013, following a molecular phylogenetics-based restructuring of the family Teloschistaceae.
Flavoplaca arcisproxima is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is found primarily in the coastal regions of the Crimean Peninsula and the eastern Mediterranean, particularly in Crete, Greece.
Scutaria is a single-species fungal genus in the family Teloschistaceae. It contains the species Scutaria andina, found in South America. The thallus of this lichen has a form that is intermediate between crustose and foliose.
Austroplaca soropelta is a species of saxicolous and muscicolous, crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It has a bipolar distribution, meaning it occurs in polar areas of both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.
Haloplaca suaedae is a species of epiphytic (plant-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It was formally described as a new species in 2001 by the lichenologists Oliver L. Gilbert and Brian John Coppins, who initially classified it in the genus Caloplaca. Ulf Arup and colleagues transferred it to the newly created genus Haloplaca in 2013, as part of a larger molecular phylogenetics-informed restructuring of the Teloschistaceae. The type specimen was collected in Dorset, at The Fleet along Chesil Beach at sea level. It was found growing epiphytically on Suaeda vera beside a saline lagoon on 19 September 2000. The species name suaedae refers to its only known host. In addition to England, it also occurs in Greece, Morocco, and Turkey.