The AIM-7 Sparrow is an American medium-range semi-active radar homing air-to-air missile operated by the United States Air Force, United States Navy, United States Marine Corps, and various other air forces and navies. Sparrow and its derivatives were the West's principal beyond visual range (BVR) air-to-air missile from the late 1950s until the 1990s. It remains in service, although it is being phased out in aviation applications in favor of the more advanced AIM-120 AMRAAM.
An air-to-air missile (AAM) is a missile fired from an aircraft for the purpose of destroying another aircraft. AAMs are typically powered by one or more rocket motors, usually solid fueled but sometimes liquid fueled. Ramjet engines, as used on the Meteor, are emerging as propulsion that will enable future medium- to long-range missiles to maintain higher average speed across their engagement envelope.
The HQ-10 is a short range surface-to-air missile designed by China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation (CASC), currently in service as a point defense missile system aboard PLA Navy warships.
The HQ-16 is a medium-range surface-to-air missile (SAM) from the People's Republic of China. It is derived from earlier versions of the Russian Buk missile system.
Aspide is an Italian medium range air-to-air and surface-to-air missile produced by Selenia. It is provided with semi-active radar homing seeker. It is very similar to the American AIM-7 Sparrow, using the same airframe, but uses an inverse monopulse seeker that is far more accurate and much less susceptible to ECM than the original conical scanning version.
The S-75 is a Soviet-designed, high-altitude air defence system. It is built around a surface-to-air missile with command guidance. Following its first deployment in 1957 it became one of the most widely deployed air defence systems in history. It scored the first destruction of an enemy aircraft by a surface-to-air missile, with the shooting down of a Taiwanese Martin RB-57D Canberra over China on 7 October 1959 that was hit by a salvo of three V-750 (1D) missiles at an altitude of 20 km (65,600 ft). This success was credited to Chinese fighter aircraft at the time to keep the S-75 program secret.
The HQ-9 is a long-range semi-active radar homing (SARH) surface-to-air missile (SAM) developed by the People's Republic of China. The naval variant is the HHQ-9.
The PL-9 is a short-range, infrared-homing air-to-air missile (AAM) developed by the People's Republic of China.
The KS-1 or Kaishan-1, military designation HQ-12 is the first Chinese surface-to-air missile to adopt a phased array radar.
The PL-11 is a medium-range semi-active radar homing (SARH) air-to-air missile (AAM) developed by a subsidiary of the Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology in the People's Republic of China. It is a development or copy of the Italian Aspide AAM, which in turn was developed from the American AIM-7 Sparrow. The PRC may have started license production of the Aspide using imported parts but the license was cancelled following the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests. Development started in 1990, and the first live-fire test occurred in 2002 from a Shenyang J-8 IIB.
The DK-10, also known as the Sky Dragon 50 or the Tianlong-50, is a surface-to-air missile system developed by Chinese arms manufacturer Norinco. It was designed to be a competitor to the HQ-16 (LY-80), but has not been adopted by the People's Liberation Army for service as the HQ-16 has been preferred. Instead, it has been exported for use by foreign armed forces.
The HQ-17 is an all-weather, low to medium altitude, short-range surface-to-air missile system derived from the Tor-M1.
The PL-10, formerly known as PL-ASR, is a short-range, infrared-homing air-to-air missile (AAM) developed by the People's Republic of China. It was designed by Dr. Liang Xiaogeng (梁晓庚) at the Luoyang Electro Optical Center, which is also known as the Institute 612 and was renamed in 2002 as the China Air-to-Air Guided Missile Research Institute (中国空空导弹研究院). Development of the missile commenced in 2004 for use on stealth fighters such as the J-20.
5th Anti-Aircraft Missile Division of the Air Force was activated on July 1, 1965, in Shanghai. The division was composed of 9 HQ-2 missile battalion, being responsible for the anti-air defense of the vicinity of Shanghai.
The HQ-22 is a medium- to long-range semi-active radar homing/radio-command guidance air defence system developed and manufactured in China.
HQ-11, export designation FM-3000, is a mobile short-to-medium range air defense missile system designed for terminal air defense. Designated as the "universal terminal defence system" in Zhuhai Airshow 2022, unveiled by China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation (CASIC). The export version, FM-3000, was unveiled by CASIC in 2014.
The CS/MPQ-90 Bee Eye is a Taiwanese active electronically scanned array (AESA) type radar developed by the National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology (NCSIST).
The PL-17 or PL-20 is an active radar-guided beyond-visual-range air-to-air missile developed by the People's Republic of China for the People's Liberation Army Air Force (PLAAF). The missile has claimed range of 400 km (250 mi) and is intended to target larger targets such as tanker and early warning and control (AEW&C) aircraft.
