CJ-10 | |
---|---|
Type | Land-attack missile Cruise missile Air-launched cruise missile |
Place of origin | China |
Service history | |
Used by | China |
Production history | |
Manufacturer | China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation/China Haiying Electro-Mechanical Technology Academy |
Specifications | |
Warhead | 500 kg (1,100 lb), [1] conventional or nuclear [2] |
Operational range | >1,500–2,000 km (930–1,240 mi; 810–1,080 nmi) |
Guidance system | |
Launch platform |
The CJ-10 (simplified Chinese :长剑-10; traditional Chinese :長劍-10; pinyin :Cháng Jiàn 10; lit.'long sword 10') is a second-generation [1] Chinese land-attack cruise missile. [5] It is derived from the Kh-55 missile. [6] It is reportedly manufactured by the China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation Third Academy and the China Haiying Electro-Mechanical Technology Academy. [1]
Initially, the CJ-10 was identified as the DH-10 (Chinese :东海-10; pinyin :Dong Hai 10; lit.'east sea 10') by Western media and analysts. [7] [8] United States Department of Defense reports used "DH-10" until 2011, [9] [10] and then "CJ-10" from 2012. [11] [12] Publications may use both terms interchangeably. [1] [13] The Center for Strategic and International Studies believes that the CJ-10 is a member of the Hongniao (HN) series of missiles; [14] Ian Easton believes that the CJ-10 is the same missile as the HN-2, and that the HN-3 is the "DH-10A". [15]
In the September 2014 edition of Joint Forces Quarterly, an article reportedly described CJ-10 as a subsonic missile with a range of more than 1,500 km and a 500 kg payload. The article attributes the missile having a guidance package using inertial navigation system, satellite navigation, terrain contour matching, and a likely Digital Scene-Mapping Area Correlator for terminal guidance. Ships and transporter erector launchers were listed as launch platforms. [1]
In 2013, the United States believes that the missile has a range of more than 1,500 km, and can potentially carry either conventional or nuclear payloads. [2] In 2004, the CJ-10 was credited with a CEP of 10 m. [16]
The YJ-100 is a subsonic anti-ship version of the CJ-10 with a range of 800 km (500 mi; 430 nmi). The missile can be air-launched by the H-6 bomber and fired from a vertical launching system of the Type 055 destroyer according to Chinese expert Li Li on Chinese television. [17] The YJ-100 will have an onboard radar. [18]
The development of the CJ-10 could have potentially benefited significantly from Chinese acquisition of NATO and Soviet missile technology in the 1990s, notably the Kh-55 (purchased from Ukraine), and the Tomahawk cruise missiles (that were unexploded and purchased from Iraq and Serbia). [15] The detailed production engineering data packages of the Kh-55 LACM were bought from Ukraine in 2001. [19] A 1995 Russian document suggested a complete production facility had been transferred to Shanghai, for the development of a nuclear-armed cruise missile. Originally it was thought that this was based on the 300 km-range Raduga Kh-15 (AS-16 'Kickback'), but it now appears that it was the Kh-55 that was transferred to China. [6]
Jane's Information Group reported the CJ-10 was tested 2004. [16] An August 2012 report by Jane's indicated that a shipborne variant of the missile may have been tested on Bi Sheng , a Chinese weapons trial ship. [20]
The United States in 2008 estimated that 50–250 missiles were in service, [21] increasing to 150–350 in 2009. [22]
A cruise missile is an unmanned self-propelled guided vehicle that sustains flight through aerodynamic lift for most of its flight path and whose primary mission is to place an ordnance or special payload on a target. Cruise missiles are designed to deliver a large warhead over long distances with high precision. Modern cruise missiles are capable of traveling at high subsonic, supersonic, or hypersonic speeds, are self-navigating, and are able to fly on a non-ballistic, extremely low-altitude trajectory.
The SY, and HY series were early anti-ship cruise missiles (ASCM) developed by the People's Republic of China from the Soviet P-15 Termit missile. They entered service in the late 1960s and remained the main ASCMs deployed by the People's Liberation Army Navy through the 1980s. The missiles were used by the PRC and export customers to develop land-attack missiles.
The People's Republic of China has developed and possesses weapons of mass destruction, including chemical and nuclear weapons. The first of China's nuclear weapons tests took place in 1964, and its first hydrogen bomb test occurred in 1966 at Lop Nur. Tests continued until 1996, when the country signed the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT), but did not ratify it. China acceded to the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC) in 1984 and ratified the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) in 1997. Since 2020, China has been wielding a nuclear triad, alongside four other countries.
The Novator KS-172 was a Russian air-to-air missile project designed as an "AWACS killer" at ranges up to 400 km. The missile had various names during its history, including K-100, Izdeliye 172, AAM-L (RVV-L), KS–172, KS-1, 172S-1 and R-172. The airframe appears to have been derived from the 9K37 Buk surface-to-air missile (SAM) but development stalled in the mid-1990s for lack of funds. It appears to have restarted in 2004 after a deal with India, who wants to produce the missile in India for their Su-30MKI fighters. Development has ceased and the project is closed.
The PL-12 is an active radar-guided beyond-visual-range air-to-air missile developed by the People's Republic of China. It is considered comparable to the US AIM-120 AMRAAM and the Russian R-77.
The Xi'an H-6 is a twin-engine jet bomber of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Air Force (PLAAF). The H-6 is a license-built version of the Soviet Tupolev Tu-16 and remains the primary bomber aircraft of the People's Republic of China.
The Kh-31 is a Soviet and Russian air-to-surface missile carried by aircraft such as the MiG-29, Su-35 and the Su-57. It is capable of Mach 3.5 and was the first supersonic anti-ship missile that could be launched by tactical aircraft.
The Kh-59 Ovod is a Russian cruise missile with a two-stage solid-fuel propulsion system and 200 km range. The Kh-59M Ovod-M is a variant with a bigger warhead and turbojet engine. It is primarily a land-attack missile; the Kh-59MK variant targets ships.
The YJ-7 is a Chinese subsonic anti-ship missile. It is manufactured by the Third Academy of the China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation (CASIC). The export version of the YJ-7 is the C-701.
The YJ-62 is a Chinese subsonic land-attack and anti-ship cruise missile. It is manufactured by the China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation Third Academy.
The YJ-91 is an anti-radiation air-to-surface cruise missile produced by the People's Republic of China. It is a derivative of the Zvezda-Strela Kh-31P anti-radiation variant.
The YJ-12 is a Chinese supersonic anti-ship cruise missile manufactured by China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation (CASIC).
The HN missiles are a series of turbofan powered Chinese land attack cruise missiles, based on the X-600.
The YJ-83 is a Chinese subsonic anti-ship cruise missile. It is manufactured by the China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation Third Academy.
The Type 055 destroyer is a class of stealth guided-missile destroyers constructed for the Chinese People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN). It has a multi-mission design; the combination of sensors and weapons provides a main role of area air defence, with anti-submarine warfare capabilities surpassing previous Chinese surface combatants.
The ASM-3 is a supersonic anti-ship missile being developed by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries to replace the ASM-1 and ASM-2 missiles. The major launch platform is the Mitsubishi F-2. Planned Initial Operational Capability was 2016. The missile will be used by the Japan Air Self-Defense Force. It can attack not only ships, but also ground targets. Since the original model of ASM-3 had a short range of 200 km, it was not deployed immediately, and an improved model was developed from 2017 to 2020, and deployment of ASM-3A with a range of about 300~400 km started in 2021. In the future, it may also have a range of 400 km or more.
The YJ-18 is a Chinese anti-ship cruise missile.
A hypersonic weapon is a weapon capable of travelling at hypersonic speed, defined as between 5 and 25 times the speed of sound.
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