Hakea lorea

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Bootlace oak
Hakea lorea flowers.jpg
Hakea lorea growing near Gascoyne Junction
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Proteales
Family: Proteaceae
Genus: Hakea
Species:
H. lorea
Binomial name
Hakea lorea
Hakea loreaDistMap78.png
Occurrence data from AVH

Hakea lorea, commonly known as bootlace oak or cork tree, [2] is a species of shrub or small tree in the family Proteaceae found in central and northern Australia. It has needle-shape leaves, yellow, white or green flowers and hard corky bark.

Contents

Hakea lorea habit Hakea lorea habit.jpg
Hakea lorea habit

Description

Hakea lorea grows as a gnarled tree to 10 metres (33 ft) high, or shrub from 1 to 5 m (3 to 16 ft) high and forms a lignotuber. The branchlet and leaves are thickly covered in flattened, soft, silky hairs to woolly short, soft, matted hairs. The hairs more less remain but eventually branchlets become smooth. The trunk bears thick cork like bark with many furrows. The needle-shaped leaves are either single or forked, and measure from 15 to 70 centimetres (6 to 28 in) long, 1 to 2.5 millimetres (0.039 to 0.098 in) wide and may be upright or drooping. The inflorescence consists of 15 to 200 individual small yellow, white or green flowers. Flowering occurs mostly from April to September. The rachis is usually 50–250 mm (2.0–9.8 in) long, thickly covered with short, soft, silky hairs. The perianth is 5–12 mm (0.20–0.47 in) long, the pistil 15–33 mm (0.59–1.30 in) long and both covered with soft, short hairs. The fruit are 2.5–5.4 cm (0.98–2.13 in) long, 0.9–2.8 cm (0.35–1.10 in) wide with a long, curved, tapering beak. [2] [3] [4]

Taxonomy and naming

The species was first formally described by Robert Brown as Grevillea lorea in 1810 in Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae et Insulae Van Diemen after being collected in Shoalwater Bay, Queensland in September 1802, before reclassifying it in the genus Hakea in 1830, in his Supplementum primum prodromi florae Novae Hollandiae . [5] Its name lorea is derived from Latin "made from thin strips of leather" and relates to its leaves. [4] It belongs to a group of related species known as the corkbarks, or lorea group, within the genus Hakea, most of which are found across Australia's arid interior. [6] Two subspecies are currently recognised. The nominate subspecies lorea is found over much of central and northern Australia, while the subspecies borealis is found in the Kimberley and northern Northern Territory. [3] The species as it currently stands includes four species described over central and northern Australia which have been found to blend into one another evenly H. lorea, H. suberea, H. cunninghamii and the Queensland populations of H. fraseri (note that one remaining rare population of Hakea fraseri in New South Wales is considered a valid species). [3]

Distribution and habitat

Cork tree ranges across the interior of central and northern Australia, from the southern Cape York Peninsula in the northeast, south to the Darling Downs in the southeast to northern South Australia and the Pilbara in the west. [3]

It is a slow growing but attractive plant in cultivation, its leaves and bark a feature. Full sun and good drainage are helpful. [4]

Related Research Articles

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<i>Hakea eriantha</i> Species of plant in the family Proteaceae endemic to the east coast of Australia

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<i>Hakea tuberculata</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae, endemic to Western Australia

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<i>Hakea macrocarpa</i> Species of plant in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Hakea macrocarpa, commonly known as flat-leaved hakea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to northern Australia. It is a tree or shrub with furrowed bark, woolly-hairy branchlets, narrowly linear leaves and cream-coloured to greenish-yellow flowers.

<i>Hakea stenophylla</i> Species of plant in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Hakea stenophylla is a shrub or tree in the family Proteaceae, with sweetly scented creamy-white flowers. It is endemic to Western Australia.

<i>Hakea fraseri</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to northern New South Wales

Hakea fraseri, the corkwood oak, is a species of shrub or small tree in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to northern New South Wales. It has furrowed bark, pendulous foliage and creamy-white flowers in spring.

<i>Grevillea pyramidalis</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea pyramidalis, commonly known as the caustic bush, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to north-western Australia. It is an erect, spindly shrub or small tree with simple linear or pinnatisect leaves with linear to narrowly egg-shaped lobes, and white to yellow or cream-coloured flowers.

References

  1. ↑ "Hakea lorea". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 18 December 2019.
  2. 1 2 Holliday, Ivan (2005). Hakeas a Field and Garden Guide. Reed New Holland. ISBN   1-877069-14-0.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Barker WR, Barker RM, Haegi L (1999). "Hakea". In Wilson, Annette (ed.). Flora of Australia: Volume 17B: Proteaceae 3: Hakea to Dryandra. CSIRO Publishing / Australian Biological Resources Study. pp. 1–170. ISBN   0-643-06454-0.
  4. 1 2 3 Wrigley, John; Fagg, Murray (1991). Banksias, Waratahs and Grevilleas. Sydney: Angus & Robertson. p. 387. ISBN   0-207-17277-3.
  5. ↑ "Hakea lorea (R.Br.) R.Br". Australian Plant Name Index (APNI), IBIS database. Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government.
  6. ↑ "Lorea group". Flora of Australia. Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water: Canberra. Retrieved 6 July 2024.
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