Harshad Bhadeshia

Last updated

Sir Harshad Bhadeshia
FRS FREng FIMMM
Harshad Bhadeshia.jpg
Born
Harshad Kumar Dharamshi Hansraj Bhadeshia

(1953-11-27) 27 November 1953 (age 70) [1]
Kenya
Other namesHarry Bhadeshia
Alma mater
Awards Armourers and Brasiers' Company Prize (1997)
Knight Bachelor (2015)
Scientific career
Fields
Institutions University of Cambridge, Queen Mary University of London
Thesis Theory and significance of retained austenite in steels  (1980)
Doctoral advisor David V. Edmonds [2]
Doctoral students Roger Reed [3]
Rachel Thomson [4]
Website www.phase-trans.msm.cam.ac.uk/Bhadeshia.html

Sir Harshad"Harry"Kumar Dharamshi Hansraj Bhadeshia FRS FREng FIMMM (born 27 November 1953) is an Indian-British metallurgist and Emeritus Tata Steel Professor of Metallurgy at the University of Cambridge. [1] In 2022 he joined Queen Mary University of London as Professor of Metallurgy. [5]

Contents

Education and early life

Bhadeshia was born in Kenya to Indian parents, [6] [7] who were carpenters. During the 19th century, many Indian workers emigrated to Kenya for building bridges, railway tracks, shops etc. Bhadeshia's interest in science started when he visited the battery shop where his father worked. He was educated at the Kongoni Primary School [8] . During the time that Kenya was a colony and protectorate of Britain, this was the Nairobi South Primary School, but in 1963 morphed to its new name under the auspices of the Government of Kenya (kongoni is a Swahili word referring to an African antelope). He then went on to the Highway Secondary School, also in Nairobi. [9]

He moved with his family to the United Kingdom in 1970 [10] and joined the British Oxygen Company in Edmonton as a technician in their metallurgical quality control laboratory. [11] This allowed him to study part-time at the East Ham College of Technology in London, for the Ordinary National Certificate in Science. He then moved to the quality control laboratory at Murex Welding Processes, and they sponsored him to study at the City of London Polytechnic where he graduated with a Bachelor of Science degree in 1976. [1] Professor Robert Honeycombe was at the time the external examiner for the course at the Polytechnic and encouraged him to join his research group at the University of Cambridge. He was admitted to the University of Cambridge to work on the theory and significance of retained austenite in steels and obtained his PhD in 1980 supervised by David V. Edmonds, in Honeycombe's Steel Research Group. [2] The nature of austenite that is retained depends on the preceding phase transformations – as a research student he focused therefore on unravelling the choreography of atoms when austenite undergoes bainitic or martensitic transformation.

Career and research

Bhadeshia's research is concerned with the theory of solid-state transformations in metals, particularly multicomponent steels, with the goal of creating novel alloys and processes with the minimum use of resources. [12]

Following his PhD, he worked as a Science Research Council Research Fellow until 1981 and has been part of the academic staff at the University of Cambridge since then. He is the author or co-author of more than 650 published papers in the field of metallurgy [13] [14] and several books. [15] [16] [17] [18] [19] [20] [21] [22] [23]

In the 1990s, he worked with British Steel plc on a carbide-free, silicon-rich bainitic steel that was used for rails in the Channel Tunnel [24] and later on a high-performance armour steel for the British Ministry of Defence. [25]

In 2006, he was awarded the Bessemer Gold Medal by the Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining for "outstanding services to the Steel Industry". [26] In November 2008, he was appointed the first Tata Steel Professor of Metallurgy following a donation by Tata Steel to endow this chair on a permanent basis at the University of Cambridge [27] and he established and took the lead of the new "SKF University Technology Centre", between SKF and the University of Cambridge to conduct research in the field of the physical metallurgy of bearing steels, over the period 2009–2019. [28]

During 2005–18, as the Founding Director of the Computational Metallurgy Laboratory, he helped create the Graduate Institute for Ferrous Technology at POSTECH [29] in the Republic of Korea.

There exists a BBC podcast on the topics covered here, The Life Scientific. [30]

Teaching

Bhadeshia has developed a wide range of freely accessible teaching materials on metallurgy and associated subjects. [31] The subject matters cover crystallography, metals and alloys, steels in particular, phase transformation theory, thermodynamics, kinetics, mathematical modelling in materials science, information theory, process modelling, thermal analysis, ethics and natural philosophy.

The resources include lecture notes, slides, videos, algorithms, review articles, books, cartoons, audio files, experimental data archives, image libraries, seminars, examples classes, question sheets and answers, automated learning (MOOCS), and a diverse range of other electronic resources. A YouTube channel (bhadeshia123) contains about 1300 educational videos. [32]

The resources are archived as a permanent record by the British Library in an open access mode. For "outstanding teaching activities", he was conferred the Adams Memorial Membership Award of the American Welding Society during 2007. [33]

Editorial positions

Bhadhesia has served as editor for the following journals:

Awards and honours

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Martensite</span> Type of steel crystalline structure

Martensite is a very hard form of steel crystalline structure. It is named after German metallurgist Adolf Martens. By analogy the term can also refer to any crystal structure that is formed by diffusionless transformation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bainite</span> Plate-like microstructure in steels

Bainite is a plate-like microstructure that forms in steels at temperatures of 125–550 °C. First described by E. S. Davenport and Edgar Bain, it is one of the products that may form when austenite is cooled past a temperature where it is no longer thermodynamically stable with respect to ferrite, cementite, or ferrite and cementite. Davenport and Bain originally described the microstructure as being similar in appearance to tempered martensite.

Acicular ferrite is a microstructure of ferrite in steel that is characterised by needle-shaped crystallites or grains when viewed in two dimensions. The grains, actually three-dimensional in shape, have a thin lenticular shape. This microstructure is advantageous over other microstructures for steel because of its chaotic ordering, which increases toughness.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge</span>

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Graduate Institute of Ferrous Technology</span>

The Graduate Institute of Ferrous Technology is an institute for graduate-level education and research in the field of iron and steel technology at Pohang University of Science and Technology, South Korea. It has nine specialized laboratories covering all sides of metallurgy. However, the Institute now has a reduced focus on steels, having introduced laboratories on battery electronics,.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Patcha Ramachandra Rao</span> Indian metallurgist (1942–2010)

Patcha Ramachandra Rao was a metallurgist and administrator. He has the unique distinction of being the only Vice-Chancellor (2002–05) of the Banaras Hindu University (BHU) who was also a student (1963–68) and faculty (1964–92) at that institution. From 1992 to 2002, Rao was the Director of the National Metallurgical Laboratory, Jamshedpur. After his tenure as Vice-Chancellor of B.H.U., in 2005, he took the reins of the Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DIAT) as its first Vice-Chancellor. He was to serve DIAT until his superannuation in 2007. From 2007 till the end, Rao was a Raja Ramanna Fellow at the International Advanced Research Centre for Powder Metallurgy and New Materials, in Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh.

Physical metallurgy is one of the two main branches of the scientific approach to metallurgy, which considers in a systematic way the physical properties of metals and alloys. It is basically the fundamentals and applications of the theory of phase transformations in metal and alloys, as the title of classic, challenging monograph on the subject with this title. While chemical metallurgy involves the domain of reduction/oxidation of metals, physical metallurgy deals mainly with mechanical and magnetic/electric/thermal properties of metals – treated by the discipline of solid state physics. Calphad methodology, able to produce Phase diagrams which is the basis for evaluating or estimating physical properties of metals, relies on Computational thermodynamics i.e. on Chemical thermodynamics and could be considered a common and useful field for both the two sub-disciplines.

Palle Rama Rao FREng is an Indian scientist noted for his contribution to the field of Physical and Mechanical Metallurgy. He has collaborated and conducted research activities for over dozen universities and associations all over India and abroad. He has been honoured with the titles of Padma Vibhushan in 2011 by president of India for his contributions to scientific community. He is acting as the chairman, Governing Council, International Advanced Research Centre for Powder Metallurgy & New Materials (ARCI), Hyderabad.

Twinning-Induced Plasticity steel which is also known as TWIP steel is a class of austenitic steels which can deform by both glide of individual dislocations and mechanical twinning on the {1 1 1}γ<1 1 >γ system. They have outstanding mechanical properties at room temperature combining high strength and ductility based on a high work-hardening capacity. TWIP steels have mostly high content in Mn and small additions of elements such C, Si, or Al. The steels have low stacking fault energy at room temperature. Although the details of the mechanisms controlling strain-hardening in TWIP steels are still unclear, the high strain-hardening is commonly attributed to the reduction of the dislocation mean free path with the increasing fraction of deformation twins as these are considered to be strong obstacles to dislocation glide. Therefore, a quantitative study of deformation twinning in TWIP steels is critical to understand their strain-hardening mechanisms and mechanical properties. Deformation twinning can be considered as a nucleation and growth process. Twin growth is assumed to proceed by co-operative movement of Shockley partials on subsequent {111} planes.

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References

  1. 1 2 3 Anon (2016). "Bhadeshia, Sir Harshad (Kumar Dharamshi Hansraj)" . Who's Who (online Oxford University Press  ed.). Oxford: A & C Black. doi:10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.U7477.(Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  2. 1 2 Bhadeshia, H. K. D. H. (1980). The significance of retained austenite in steels. cam.ac.uk (PhD thesis). University of Cambridge. doi:10.17863/CAM.14245. OCLC   843782039. EThOS   uk.bl.ethos.541708. Lock-green.svg
  3. ↑ Reed, Roger Charles (1990). The characterisation and modelling of multipass steel weld heat-affected zones. ethos.bl.uk (PhD thesis). University of Cambridge. EThOS   uk.bl.ethos.334220. Lock-green.svg
  4. ↑ Thomson, Rachel Clare (1992). Carbide composition changes in power plant steels as a method of remanent creep life prediction. cam.ac.uk (PhD thesis). University of Cambridge. doi:10.17863/CAM.14229. OCLC   557294046. EThOS   uk.bl.ethos.358485. Lock-green.svg
  5. ↑ "Queen Mary University of London". 10 January 2022. Retrieved 10 January 2022.
  6. ↑ "Harry Bhadeshia's Steel Connects UK, France". Forbes India. 27 February 2012. Retrieved 13 April 2012.
  7. ↑ "Harry Bhadeshia's The Life Scientific". 5 December 2023. Retrieved 1 January 2024.
  8. ↑ "Kongoni Primary School" . Retrieved 8 January 2020– via Facebook.
  9. ↑ "Highway Secondary School" . Retrieved 4 March 2019.
  10. ↑ "Voice of Science – Harry Bhadeshia". British Library. Archived from the original on 3 May 2017. Retrieved 4 March 2019.
  11. ↑ "Inspiring Scientists: STEM Learning" . Retrieved 1 January 2020.
  12. ↑ David E. Laughlin; Kazuhiro Hono (2014). Physical Metallurgy. Newnes. p. 1072. ISBN   978-0-444-53771-3.
  13. ↑ Harshad Bhadeshia publications indexed by Google Scholar OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
  14. ↑ Withers, P.J.; Bhadeshia, H.K.D.H. (2013). "Residual stress. Part 1 – Measurement techniques". Materials Science and Technology. 17 (4): 355–365. doi:10.1179/026708301101509980. S2CID   17492980.
  15. ↑ Bhadeshia, H. K. D. H.; Honeycombe, Robert (2006). Steels: Microstructure and Properties. Butterworth–Heinemann. ISBN   978-0750680844.
  16. ↑ Bhadeshia, H. K. D. H. (2001). Bainite in steels. Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining. ISBN   978-1861251121.
  17. ↑ Bhadeshia, H. K. D. H. (1987). Worked Examples in the Geometry of Crystals. Maney Publishing. ISBN   978-0904357943.
  18. ↑ Bhadeshia, Harshad (2015). Bainite in Steels: theory and practice. U. K.: Maney Publishing. pp. 1–600. ISBN   978-1909662742.
  19. ↑ Bhadeshia, Harshad (2017). Steels: Microstructure and Properties, 4th edition. U. K.: Elsevier. pp. 1–462. ISBN   9780081002704.
  20. ↑ Bhadeshia, Harshad (2017). Geometry of Crystals, Polycrystals and Phase Transformations, 1st edition. U. K.: CRC Press. pp. 1–251. ISBN   9781138070783.
  21. ↑ Bhadeshia, Harshad (2021). Innovations in everyday engineering materials. U. K.: Springer Nature Press. pp. 1–160. ISBN   9783030576127.
  22. ↑ Bhadeshia, Harshad (2021). Theory of Transformations in Steels. U. K.: CRC Press Press. pp. 1–660. ISBN   9781003056782.
  23. ↑ Bhadeshia, Harshad (2024). Steels: Structure, properties and design, 5th edition. U. K.: Elsevier. pp. 1–506. ISBN   9780443184918.
  24. ↑ "British Steel alloy makes tough tracks". EPSRC. 19 June 1996. Retrieved 13 April 2012.
  25. ↑ "New armour steel showcased at DSEi". Ministry of Defence. 14 September 2011. Retrieved 13 April 2012.
  26. 1 2 "Professor Harry Bhadeshia Receives Bessemer Gold Medal". Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining. 10 July 2006. Retrieved 13 April 2012.
  27. 1 2 "Tata Steel group endows professorship in metallurgy at University of Cambridge". Tata Steel. 24 November 2008. Archived from the original on 22 November 2011. Retrieved 13 April 2012.
  28. 1 2 "SKF University Technology Centre opens up research into new bearing steels at University of Cambridge". SKF. May 2009. Retrieved 13 April 2012.
  29. ↑ GIFT Postech
  30. ↑ "The Life Scientific - Sir Harry Bhadeshia". BBC. 5 February 2024. Retrieved 20 May 2024.
  31. ↑ Teaching materials
  32. ↑ Teaching videos
  33. ↑ "Adams Memorial Membership Award". Archived from the original on 4 February 2020. Retrieved 4 February 2020.
  34. ↑ 'Materials Science and Engineering: A – Editorial Board"
  35. ↑ 'Editorial board'
  36. ↑ 'Editorial board'
  37. ↑ 'Editorial board'
  38. 1 2 "Awards archive". Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining . Retrieved 13 April 2012.
  39. ↑ "Awards". Times Higher Education . September 1997. Retrieved 13 April 2012.
  40. ↑ "Sir Harshad Bhadeshia FREng FRS". London: Royal Society. Archived from the original on 17 November 2015. One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from the royalsociety.org website where:
    "All text published under the heading 'Biography' on Fellow profile pages is available under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License." -- "Royal Society Terms, conditions and policies". Archived from the original on 25 September 2015. Retrieved 9 March 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  41. ↑ "List of Fellows". Royal Academy of Engineering. Archived from the original on 5 March 2012. Retrieved 13 April 2012.
  42. ↑ Aditya Birla Chair
  43. ↑ "Fellowship". Indian National Academy of Engineering. Archived from the original on 2 April 2012. Retrieved 13 April 2012.
  44. ↑ "Fellow of the American Welding Society" (PDF). Retrieved 30 January 2020.
  45. ↑ "Honorary Member of the Iron and Steel Institute of Japan" . Retrieved 27 January 2017.
  46. ↑ "No. 61256". The London Gazette (Supplement). 13 June 2015. p. B2.
  47. ↑ "Honorary Fellowship of The Welding Institute, U.K." Retrieved 30 January 2020.
  48. ↑ "Adolf Martens Award" (PDF). 2 January 2017. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 August 2017. Retrieved 26 August 2017.
  49. ↑ "Membre d'Honneur del la SF2M". 2 October 2017. Retrieved 16 November 2017.
  50. ↑ "Foreign Fellows Elected for the year 2018" (PDF). National Academy of Sciences, India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 March 2019. Retrieved 4 March 2019.
  51. ↑ "Lee Hsun Lecture Award 2019". Chinese Academy of Sciences. 27 April 2019. Retrieved 4 April 2019.
  52. ↑ "Henry Clifton Sorby Award 2022". Practical Metallography. 59 (3). De Gruyter: 175. 20 September 2022. doi: 10.1515/pm-2022-0019 . S2CID   247485307.
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