History
On 5 August 1802, the 'Castle Eden' public house in Castle Eden would be the venue of the first meeting of the local gentry and clergy, to discuss the provision of a lifeboat for Hartlepool. It was later resolved that boatbuilder G. Hunter be commissioned to provide a lifeboat, boathouse and carriage, and that the lifeboat be placed at the Harbour station near the Watergate on Fish Sands. Subscribers were invited to help fund the lifeboat, and £350 was received from Lloyd's of London. On 15 February, it was reported that a 27-foot 3in lifeboat, built to the design of Henry Greathead, had been placed on station at the Watergate boathouse. [3]
The lifeboat was called upon regularly. On 28 January 1815, as reported in the Durham Chronicle, the Betsy of Monkwearmouth was driven ashore 550 metres (600 yd) offshore at Seaton Carew, 3 miles (4.8 km) to the south of Hartlepool. The lifeboat was summoned, and was transported to the scene by carriage in just one hour. Setting out in violent conditions, eight of the nine men aboard the vessel were rescued and brought ashore. One man was left clinging to the rigging. A fresh lifeboat crew then set out once more, and managed to rescue the one remaining man, only moments before the vessel broke up. [4]
The Tees Bay Lifeboat and Shipwreck Society (TBLSS) was founded in 1823, and in 1836, they provided a new lifeboat for Hartlepool. The 27-foot 3in lifeboat 'pulling and sailing' (P&S) lifeboat, one with oars and sails, was constructed by William Wake of Monkwearmouth, and replaced the 1803 boat. It was stationed at the Old Pier. and hung on davits. [5]
The TBLSS provided Hartlepool with a second lifeboat in 1841. A boathouse was constructed on the North Sands, at the high water mark on Hart Warren, north of the Hartlepool Cemetery, and a 30-foot (P&S) lifeboat was constructed by John Cambridge of Hartlepool. Both lifeboats were funded by a levy placed on shipping passing the Old Pier. In 1847, the Hartlepool Lifeboat Society took over from the TBLSS. [3]
A meeting was held at the Hartlepool Seamen's Society Reading Room in 1854. Various regulations prevented anyone but Pilots from joining the lifeboat crews, and it was felt there was a need for an additional lifeboat, to be crewed by local seamen. A 20-foot self-righting lifeboat was commissioned with Mr. Hawksworth of Torquay, to a design by James Peake, and the Royal National Institution for the Preservation of Life from Shipwreck (RNIPLS) donated £10, and a set of life-belts. Work began in August 1856 to construct a boathouse, 36-feet by 16-feet, at the top end of the Old (or Tide) Harbour (now the deep-water berth), costing £150, and completed by 1 October. [3]
On 18 October 1854, the Seamen's Society lifeboat rescued the seven man crew of the schooner Prospect, which was driven ashore whilst on passage from Aberdeen. [6]
Also in October 1854, a new 28-foot 10-oared self-righting lifeboat was constructed by William Robinson of Hartlepool. It was placed at North Sands station, with the existing lifeboat being transferred to the Old Pier station. A second new boat, a 31-foot 12-oared lifeboat, built by Pounder and Wilkinson of Hartlepool, was completed in August 1858. This was placed in a shed at the top of the Old Harbour, next to the Seamen's lifeboat house. [3]
In 1870, it was requested by the Hartlepool Port and Harbour Commission, that the lifeboat stationed at the Old Pier be relocated, as the Old Pier was required for landing building materials to be used for the New Pier extension. The Old Pier lifeboat was relocated to the shed at the top of the Old Harbour. [5]
On the 25 February 1875, Hartlepool Lifeboat Society handed over the management of their stations and lifeboats to the RNLI, along with just over £100 in assets. Just two days later, the Hartlepool Board of Trade confirmed it would no longer support the extra Seamen's lifeboat, and it was to be sold. [3]
It was decided that the North Sands lifeboat would be Hartlepool No.1, and the two lifeboats located at the Old Harbour station would be Hartlepool No.2 and No.3 respectively. The RNLI set out their intentions to replace the No.2 lifeboat, and to replace the lifeboat shed for the No.2 and No.3 lifeboats with a new boathouse and slipway. They would also supply a new No.1 lifeboat at North Sands, along with a new boathouse and slipway. Both boathouses were constructed within the year, each costing £340. The North Sands boathouse was relocated to the south side of Hartlepool Cemetery. [1]
In 1881, the North Eastern Railway notified the RNLI that they wished to redevelop the area where the lifeboat shed was located, at the top end of the Old Harbour, to create a deep-water port A new site was provided at the mouth of the Old Harbour at Middleton by the Hartlepool Port and Harbour Commissioners, and a new twin boathouse was constructed by Messrs. Bridges and Robson at a cost of £320. A slipway was added in 1883. [3]
By December 1914, the First World War was just over four months old. At 08:05 on 16 December 1914, after having identified Hartlepool as a poorly defended area, but with a considerable number of shipyards and engine works supplying the war effort, three German battleships, Blucher, Seydlitz and Moltke, bombarded the town for 40 minutes, before making their escape in the fog. 127 people were killed. The No.1 lifeboat station at North Sands was badly damaged, and in 1915, the station was closed. The lifeboat on station, Ilminster (ON 242), was transferred to the No.2 Station. [2] [1] [7]
The first motor-powered lifeboat was placed at Hartlepool in 1924. The 80-hp Elizabeth Newton (ON 679) was a 45ft Watson-class lifeboat, funded from the bequest of the late B. Newton of Darlington, and replaced the No.3 lifeboat Horatio Brand (ON 520). The No.2 lifeboat Gem (ON 568) was withdrawn to the relief fleet, effectively closing the No.2 station. From this point forward, the No.3 station became Hartlepool Lifeboat Station. [2] [8]
Despite much local protest, the All-weather lifeboat was withdrawn in 1968. It was felt that the area had sufficient All-weather lifeboat cover, and that a fast small inshore lifeboat was more suited to the station. Later, with increased port traffic, it was decided to reinstate the All-weather lifeboat, and the Waveney-class lifeboat 44-018 The Scout (ON 1044) was placed on service in 1977. [2] [9]
In 1991, again due to developments in the docks area, the lifeboat station was moved approx.50 yards (46 m), with a new station building constructed. This would incorporate housing for the Atlantic 21-class Inshore lifeboat also now on station. [1]
In 2024, Hartlepool Lifeboat Station anticipate the arrival of a new Shannon-class lifeboat, 13-54 John Sharp (ON 1361), to replace the current Trent-class lifeboat, 14-37 Betty Huntbatch (ON 1274), on station since 2004. [10]
Notable rescues
Hartlepool's 46ft Watson-class lifeboat The Princess Royal (Civil Service No.7) was launched at 07:35 on 26 January 1942 into an easterly gale and rough seas, to the steamship Hawkwood, with a crew of 23, which had run aground 0.5 miles (0.80 km) north of the Tees North Gare jetty, and broken in two. Whilst only 3 miles (4.8 km) away from Hartlepool in a direct line, the lifeboat had much further to travel due to the various wartime defences along the coast. The lifeboat arrived on scene at 08:30, but with the water too shallow to approach, and nobody in immediate danger, it returned to base, to try again later. Returning to the vessel at 12:15, and with great skill and seamanship, the lifeboat was brought alongside. Five men were recovered from one half of the vessel, and landed back at Hartlepool. Setting out a third time, the lifeboat reached the vessel at 15:15, but was still unable to rescue the remaining 18 crew. After returning to base once more, with the intention of setting out for a fourth time later, it was reported that all 18 had been recovered with the use of rocket lines. A silver medal and 6 bronze medals were awarded to the crew for this service. The coxswain of the lifeboat, Lt. William Henry Bennison, CGM RNVR, was awarded the RNLI Gold Medal. [1] [11] [12]
Royal National Lifeboat Institution 
