House of Paigah

Last updated

House of Paigah
Noble family
Paigah Coat of Arms.jpg
Country Hyderabad State
Founder Nawab Abu'l Fateh Khan
TitlesShams ul-Umara.

Amir-i-Kabir. Bahadur. Imam Jang. Umdat-ud-Daula. Umdat-ul-Mulk. Namwar Jang. Umdat-ul-Mulk. Shams-ud-Daula. Shams-ul-Mulk. Amir-i-Akbar. Azam-ul-Umara. Rifa’at Jang. Inayat Jang. Waliyat Jang. Viqar ul-Umara. Iqtaidar ul-Mulk. Iqtaidar ud-Daula. Secundar Jang.

Sultan ul-Mulk.

Contents

Members Asman Jah and his son Moin-ud-Daula Bahadur Asman Jah, Zahir Yar Jung Viqar-ul-Umra and his son Sultan ul Mulk Khursheed Jah
Connected families Asaf Jahi dynasty
Salar Jung family
Pataudi family
Talpur dynasty
Qu'aiti
Properties Devdi Iqbal ud-Dowla Asman Garh Palace Paigah Tombs Paigah Palace Vikhar Manzil
Dissolution1948 (1948)

Paigah family was a noble family from the former Hyderabad State. [1] The family maintained their own court, individual palaces, and a standing army of about fourteen thousand infantry and cavalry troops. [2]

History

The word Paigah, which means pomp and rank in Persian, was a title given by the second Nizam of Hyderabad to Nawab Abu'l Fateh Khan Tegh Jung Bahadur in appreciation of the royal services rendered by him. The Nawab was also conferred with the titles of Shams-ul-Umra ("The Sun among Nobles"), Shams-ul-Mulk, and Shams-ud-Daula. He became the founder of the Paigah family. [3] [4]

Shaikh Muhammad Bahauddin, who was Governor of Shikohabad under Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb, was the twelfth direct descendant of Shaikh Fariduddin Ganjshakar, a saint of the Indian subcontinent (now in Punjab, Pakistan).

Abul Khair Khan, son of Shaikh Muhammad Bahauddin, was in the service of Mughal Emperor Muhammad Shah. During this time, he was bestowed the title of Khan Bahadur. His statesmanship was noticed by Nizam-ul-Mulk (the then Prime Minister of Mughal, and later founder of Asaf Jahi dynasty and known as Nizam I) and was appointed as Deputy Governor of Malwa and Khandesh. He joined Nizam on his way to Deccan and accompanied him in the battles against Maratha. During Nizam I's campaign to Delhi in the process to negotiate and stop Nadir Shah, Khan safeguarded his Nizamat in Deccan and overthrow rebellion by his son Salabat Jung. During his career under Nizam I, he was appointed as Qila Dar of Dhar (1724), Faujdar of Nabinagar, Mandu (1724), and later elevated up to Naib Subadar-Deputy Governor Khandesh and Aurangabad. He died in 1952 and was buried in Burhanpur. His titles are Khan Bahadur, Shamsher Bahadur, and Imam Jang I.

Abul Khair Khan had two sons, his first Abul Barakat Khan Imam Jung II was shot to death during the lifetime of his father while inspecting the fort near Poona, which was captured from Maratha; he is buried in Burhanpur. His second son Abul Fateh Khan joined the services of Nizam II and was regarded as the head of Paigah. [5] Paigah family. Appointed to a mansab of 7,000 zat and 5000, sowar 1777, prom. to 9,000 sowars and a Paigah contingent of 12,000 troops in 1781.Received the Naubat, Naqara, and Mahi Maratib (ensigns of royalty). Constructed Nai Haveli 1201H (1782 AD). Abul Fatah Khan died at Pongel while on his way to face Tipu Sultan during the 2nd Mysore War on 1 January 1791. Abul Fatah Khan was interred at Paigah Tombs beside the dargah of Beranashah Saheb. His titles at the time of his death were: Abul Fateh Khan, Abul Khair Khan II, Tegh Jung, Shums-ud-Dowlah, Shums-ul-Mulk, and Shams-ul-Umara I. He was survived by his son Shams-ul-Umra I and daughter Bibi Najeeba. (Commanded Battles: Battle of Udgir 1760 AD against Balaji Baji Rao Peshwa III, accompanied Nizam Ali Khan Asaf Jah II in all his campaigns, Commanded Campaign Adoni against Tipu Sultan 1200 H (1781 AD), Battle of Nirmal 1783 AD against Ehtasham Jung (Zafar ud Dowla Dhaunsa).

After Abul Fateh died in 1791, his son Fakhruddin Khan inherited the estates and titles. He was given the title Amir-e-Kabir, which meant Head of the Nobles. He also married the daughter of Nizam Ali Khan, Asaf Jah II Sahebzadi Bashirunissa Begum in 1797. Thus began the tradition of marrying Nizam's daughters to young men of the Paigah family. Fakhruddin Khan's grandson through his third son was Sir Asman Jah, Jah had one son Moin-Ud-Dowlah Bahadur Asman Jah who had 14 sons and 7 daughters, Fakhruddin Khan's fourth son Rasheeduddin Khan had two sons, Viqar-ul-Umra and Khurshid Jah. [4]

Nawab Mohammed Iqbaluddin Khan son of Moin-Ud-Daula Bahadur was married to Sahebzadi Ahmed Unisa Begum maternal granddaughter of H.H Mahboob Ali Khan and parental granddaughter of Sultan ul-Mulk, Viqar-ul-Umrahi Iqtidar ud-Daula, he had 2 sons and 2 daughters, one of them is Sahebzade Nawab Muhammed Hyder Uddin Khan [Hyder Nawab] he was given this name by his uncle Mir Osman Ali Khan hyder nawab is also the owner of Chiraan Fort Palace, other half of Paigah Palace


Bashir Yar Jung, a grandson of Viqar-ul-Umra married Saleha Sultan, the daughter of Sajida Sultan and Iftikhar Ali Khan Pataudi. Their son Saad Bin Jung is a member of the Paigah family as well as Pataudi Royal Family.

Tomb of Abu'l Fateh Khan Paigah Tombs (7).jpg
Tomb of Abu'l Fateh Khan
Raffi Uddin Khan Shams-ul-Umra II Prime Minister of Hyderabad Rafi Uddin Khan.jpg
Raffi Uddin Khan Shams-ul-Umra II Prime Minister of Hyderabad

Family and Amir's

At the death of Fakhruddin Khan Shams-ul-Umra I, the Paigah estate was divided between his two surviving sons : Rafiuddin Khan and Rashiduddin Khan. Rafiuddin Khan's titles at the time of death were: Abul Khair Khan IV, Namwar Jung, Umdat-ud-Doula, Shums-ud-Doula, Umdat-ul-Mulk, Shums-ul-Umara III, Amir-e-Kabir II. Rashiduddin Khan's titles at the time of his death were: Abul Khair Khan V, Bahadur Jung, Iqtidar-ud-Doula, Shums-ud-Doula, Iqtidar-ul-Mulk, Shums-ul-Mulk, Shums-ul-Umara IV, Viqar-ul-Umara I, Amir-e-Kabir III.

When Rafiuddin Khan died in 1877, his Paigah estate was inherited by his two adopted sons Sabaqat Jung (1839–1880) and Sir Asman Jah(1840–1898). However, when Sabaqat Jung died in 1880 without issue, his portion of the Paigah estate was divided into three parts and allocated between his brother Sir Asman Jah and his cousins Sir Khurshid Jah and Sir Viqar-ul-Umra. When Rashiduddin Khan died in 1881, his share of the Paigah estate was divided between his two sons Sir Khurshid Jah Bahadur (1841–1902) and Sir Viqar-ul-Umara Bahadur II (1856–1902). It was decided during this period that there would be no further divisions of the three estates. The Paigah estates were henceforth known as the Asman Jahi Paigah, Khursheed Jahi Paigah, and Viqar-ul-Umarahi Paigah.

Each of the three branches has its own Amir, appointed by the Nizam entirely at his own discretion. Preference was given to individuals whose mothers were daughters of the Nizam, provided that they were fit for the post, regardless of other seniority factors such as age. The newly appointed Amir would inherit the entire jaagir of the previous Amir and would be the ceremonial head of that branch of the Paigah family. The Nizam also had the authority to appoint one Amir from among the three Paigah Amirs to hold the honorary morchal (standard) behind the Nizam during Durbar.

According to the census of 1901, the three Paigah Estates in the Hyderabad State comprised 23 taluks dispersed over the districts of Bidar, Nander, Osmanabad, Gulbarga, Medak, Atraf-i-Balda, and Nizamabad, and a few scattered villages in Aurangabad, Warangal, Mahbubnagar, and Nalgonda, encompassing 1,273 villages, covering 4,134 square miles, over a population of 774,411 (The Imperial Gazetteer of India, vol. 1, 1909).

Asman Ghar Palace AsmanGharPalast Hyderabad-Mallapet ca1900.jpeg
Asman Ghar Palace
The interior of Bashir-bagh Palace The interior of Bashir-bagh Palace, Hyderabad, India.JPG
The interior of Bashir-bagh Palace
Sir Asman Jah Sir Asman Jah.jpg
Sir Asman Jah
Basheer-ud-Dowla Asman Jah H.E The Nawab Sir Asman Jah Bahadur, K.C.I.E.jpg
Basheer-ud-Dowla Asman Jah
Sir Viqar-ul-Umra Sir Viqar-ul-Umra.jpg
Sir Viqar-ul-Umra
Falaknuma Palace Interiors, Falaknuma Palace - 1.jpg
Falaknuma Palace
The Falaknuma Palace in Hyderabad Falaknuma Palace 01.jpg
The Falaknuma Palace in Hyderabad
Khursheed Jah Devdi Hyderabad, palazzo abbandonato khursheed jah devdi 01.jpg
Khursheed Jah Devdi

Family tree

Parwarish Bagh mentioned in historic book Heritage Capital Hyderabad Picture Book Parwarish Bagh mentioned in historic book Heritage Capital Hyderabad Picture Book.png
Parwarish Bagh mentioned in historic book Heritage Capital Hyderabad Picture Book

Relationship with the Nizams

The bond between the Nizams and the Paigah nobility strengthened with the marriage of Abul Fatah Khan's son Fakhruddin Khan with the daughter of Nizam Ali Khan, Asaf Jah II, Sahebzadi Bashirunissa Begum in 1797. Henceforth, Fakhruddin Khan's descendants married daughters of other Nizams and consequently, in protocol, the Paigahs were considered next only to the Nizams. The Paigah jagir was the largest in the state, second only to the Nizam.

The Paigah nobility, being sons-in-law and brothers-in-law to the Nizams, were to a certain extent above the law. The local police and courts did not have personal or in rem jurisdiction over their persons or property. They were subject only to the jurisdiction of the Nizam.

Tombs

The Paigah Tombs are the tombs belonging to the nobility of Paigah family. They were constructed over a period of time during the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries. They are located in the Santoshnagar locality of Hyderabad. The tombs are made of lime and mortar with beautiful inlaid marble carvings. [7]

Places Named after the Paigah family

Vikarabad, a town in Telangana, is named after H.E Viqar-ul-Umra, and the town of Shamshabad, which houses the Rajiv Gandhi International Airport, is also named after The Shams-ul-umra family. Moinabad was named after Nawab Moin-Ud-Daula Bahadur Asman Jahi. The area of Begumpet was gifted to the Paigah family, when Abul Fateh Khan's son Fakhr uddin Khan was married to the daughter of Nizam Ali Khan, Asaf Jah II Sahebzadi Bashirunissa Begum. Basheerbagh is named after H E Sir Asman Jah Bahadur Basheer ud Daula.

Zaheerabad in Telangana is named after Nawab Zahir Yar Jung, Amir e Paigah Asman Jah.

Paigah Deodis and Estate

The Paigah noblemen were known for their residences, usually known as Devdis . [8] Bashir Bagh Palace belonged to Sir Asman Jah, a Paigah Amir and Prime Minister of Hyderabad (1887–1893). Sir Vicar-ul-Umra, the Paigah Amir and the then prime minister of Hyderabad state 1894–1901 (also officiated as prime minister in 1893) presented Falaknuma palace in 1897, easily one of the most opulent palaces in the country, to the sixth Nizam, Mir Mahbub Ali Khan.

Other important Paigah Palaces were:

Nametitular
'Abu'l Fath Khan Bahadur, Taigh Jang.jpg
Abu'l Fateh Khan Tegh Jung Bahadur [Imam Jung II] [‘Abu’l Khair Khan II]
Abu'l Fakr, Fakhr Uddin KhanShams ul-Umara, Amir-i-Kabir, Khurshid ul-Mulk, Khurshid ud-Daula, Nawab Imam Jang III [‘Abu’l Khair Khan III]
Nawab Rafi ud-din Khan Bahadur, Rafi Uddin Khan.jpg
Nawab Rafi ud-din Khan Bahadur,
Amir-i-Kabir, Shams ul-Umara, Umdat ud-Daula, Umdat ul-Mulk, Namwar Jang [Muhammad Abu’l Khair Khan IV]
Nawab Muhammad Rashid uddin Khan Bahadur JangAmir-i-Kabir, Shams ul-Umara, Viqar ul-Umara, Iqtaidar ul-Mulk, Iqtaidar ud-Daula [Muhammad Abu’l Khair Khan V]
Nawab Sir Muhammad Muhi ud-din Khan Bahadur, Taigh JangKhurshid Jah, Shams ul-Umara, Amir-i-Kabir, Khurshid ul-Mulk, Khurshid ud-Daula [Muhammad Abu’l Khair Khan VI], KCIE
Nawab Sir Muhammad Mazhar ud-din Khan Bahadur H.E The Nawab Sir Asman Jah Bahadur, K.C.I.E.jpg
Nawab Sir Muhammad Mazhar ud-din Khan Bahadur
Asman Jah, Amir-i-Akbar, Azam ul-Umara, Umdat ul-Mulk, Bashir ud-Daula Rifa’at Jang, KCIE
Nawab Sir Muhammad Fazl uddin Khan Bahadur, Sir Viqar-ul-Umra.jpg
Nawab Sir Muhammad Fazl uddin Khan Bahadur,
Viqar ul-Umara, Iqtidar ul-Mulk, Iqbal ud-Daula, Secundar Jang, KCIE
Nawab Muhammad Hafiz uddin KhanAmir-i-Paigah-i-Khurshid Jahi, Shams ul-Mulk, Shams ud-Daula Zafar Jang,
Nawab Muhammad Mukhtar uddin KhanAmir-i-Paigah-i-Viqar-ul-Umara, Sultan ul-Mulk, Iqtidar ud-Daula, Namdar Jang
Nawab Muhammad Muin uddin Khan Moin-ud-daula.jpg
Nawab Muhammad Muin uddin Khan
Amir-i-Paigah-i-Asman Jahi, Muin ud-Daula, Inayat Jang
Nawab Muhammad Lutf uddin KhanAmir-i-Paigah-i-Khurshid Jahi, Lutf ud-Daula Latafat Jang
Nawab Muhammad Zahir ud-din Khan Bahadur Amir e Paigah Zahir Yar Jung.jpg
Nawab Muhammad Zahir ud-din Khan Bahadur
Amir-i-Paigah-i-Asman Jahi Zahir Yar Jung (last Amir)

See also

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His Excellency Amir e Paigah Basheerd-Ud-daula Azam-Ul-Umra Amir-e-Akbar Nawab Sir Muhammad Mazharuddin Khan Bahadur Rifa’at Jang, commonly known as Sir Asman Jah or Nawab Sir Asman Jah Bahadur, Asman Jah was one of those fortunate individuals to whom it has been given by fate to write their names large in the annals of their country, he was an Indian noble and member of the Great Paigah Family who served as Prime Minister of Hyderabad from 1887 to 1894. As the grandson of the premier noble Fakhr Uddin Khan Amir e Kabir Shams-ul-Umra I and of a princess of the blood, his social position was a great one; but the personal qualities he possessed, inherited largely from his grandfather, were unquestionably the means of bringing him to the front. Singularly gifted by nature as far as the outward man was concerned and excelling in all manly pursuits, he easily took the lead among his peers. But it was his mental and moral equipment which attracted the notice of his royal master while yet the young noble was in early manhood. Such was the promise he showed that His Highness the Afzal-ud-Daulah gave him his daughter in marriage and bestowed on him the highest distinction in his gift, the title of Jah.in 1869, Asman Jah entered on his public career as Minister of Justice. A little later on, while still retaining the portfolio of Justice, he acted as Prime Minister and co-regent. Later still he became a Member of the Council of Regency, and finally in 1887 he was appointed Prime Minister and continued to hold the office till 1893. In this connection it may be noted that throughout his long official career, Sir Asman Jah refused to take any salary while willing to take office he steadily persisted im refusing the emoluments of office. Elis regime as Premier was marked by several reforms, notably the advance made in education, the extension of medical aid by the State, especially aid to women, and the establishment of a permanent Board of Irrigation and city water supply, which has since been of excellent service to the State, Asman Jah was still in London when he got the news of his having been-appointed Prime Minister and one of the first to congratulate him on his appointment was his late Majesty King Edward VIL, then Prince of Wales, Asman Jah built several architectures throughout the city like Asman Garh Palace, Basheer Bagh Palace, saroonagar palace and Mahboob Chowk Clock Tower. Just before he was appointed to the premiership he was deputed by His Highness the late Nizam, Mahboob Ali Khan, to proceed in 1887 to London as his representative at the Golden Jubilee of Her late Majesty Queen Victoria. While in England he won golden opinions by the tact, savoir faire and high breeding he displayed His handsome presence, imposing address and polished manners impressed all classes of English Society and he became a great favourite in court circles. Indeed, the late Nizam could not have had a more dignified or worthier representative.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Paigah Tombs</span> Building in Hyderabad

Paigah Tombs or Maqhbara Shams al-Umara, are the tombs belonging to the nobility of Paigah family, who were fierce loyalists of the Nizams, served as statespeople, philanthropists and generals under and alongside them. The Paigah tombs are among the major wonders of Hyderabad State which are known for their architectural excellence as shown in their laid mosaic tiles and craftsmanship work. Since it was Amir-e-Kabir H.E. Nawab Sir Khursheed Jah Bahadur who built the Paigah Tombs, he gave special preference in terms of construction to his immediate family. Of all the arches at Paigah Tombs, it is only the arch of his family's tomb that is bigger when compared with others. the entire necropolis was built earlier then the architecture would have been the same for all the tombs but instead in terms of architectural beauty, the tomb of Nawab Sir Khursheed Jah's family was given special preference. The largest arch and the double maqbara inside known as "Mahajar" cannot be seen inside any other tomb and also to mention the beautifully decorated stucco work in the tomb of Lateefunnisa Begum Saheba is not found in any other tomb. The tombstone of Lateefunnisa Begum Saheba, on which is already mentioned was built by Nawab Sir Khursheed Jah Bahadur. "Lateefunnisa Begum Saheba Jid'de Mohammed Mohiuddin Khan Khursheed Jah Tayyari ye Mohammed Mohiuddin Khan Khursheed Jah Bahadur." The word "Jid'de" over here would mean Grandmother of Sir Khursheed Jah Bahadur and "Tayyari'ye Mohammed Mohiuddin Khan Khursheed Jah Bahadur" would mean "Prepared by Khursheed Jah Bahadur." Inside this tomb are the graves of Nawab Sir Khursheed Jah Bahadur's immediate family members. Shahzadi Hussainunnisa Begum (Wife), Shahzadi Hashmatunnisa Begum (Mother), Amir-e-Kabir Nawab Mohammed Rasheeduddin Khan Bahadur (Father) and Hussaini Begum. The Paigah's necropolis is located in a quiet neighbourhood 4 km southeast of Charminar Hyderabad, at Phisal banda suburb, down a small lane across from Owaisi Hospital near Santosh Nagar. These tombs are made out of lime and mortar with beautiful inlaid marble carvings. These tombs are 200 years old and represent the final resting places of several generations of the Paigah Nobles.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Spanish Mosque</span>

The Spanish Mosque is a mosque within the Paigah Palace, Begumpet, Hyderabad, India.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Khursheed Jah Devdi</span> Palace in Hyderabad, India

Khursheed Jah Devdi is a European styled architectural palace located in Hyderabad. It was built by the Ancestors of Paigah noble Amir-Paigah Khursheed Jah Bahadur Shams-ul-Umra IV, Its interiors were once adorned with expensive carpets and exclusive chandeliers. It is located at Hussaini Alam, just a kilometre from the historic Charminar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Moin-Ud-Daula Bahadur</span>

Amir-e-Paigah-e-Asman Jahi, Moin-ud-Daula Bahadur Innayath Jung, commonly known as Sir Nawab Muhammed Moin Uddin Khan born at Basheer Bagh Palace in 1891 was an Indian nobleman and member of the Paigah Nobility and the Amir of the Asman Jahi Paigah one of the 3 great Paigahs of Hyderabad State The Paigah Nobility was the second most powerful family in Deccan Hyderabad State maintaining their own court and army bound with Asaf Jahi dynasty by matrimonial relationship, Moin-ud-doula and his father Asman Jah was one of those fortunate individuals to whom it has been given by fate to write their names large in the annals of their country, Moin-ud-doula's father Asman Jah who served as co-regent and Prime Minister of Hyderabad created several marvelous architects throughout the city maintained his army court in his domain Shamshabad, was granted the title of Order of the Indian Empire,

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chiraan Fort Palace</span> Historic building in Begumpet, Hyderabad, India

Aiwan-i Begumpet, also known as Chiraan Fort Palace, and Devdi Fareed Nawaz Jung, or Devdi Nazir Nawaz Jung, was built in 1880 by Sir Viqar-ul-Umra, Amir of the Great Paigah Dynasty of Deccan who served as Prime Minister of Hyderabad. The palace was built after the construction of Falaknuma Palace gifted to the sixth Nizam of Hyderabad Mir Mahbub Ali Khan, Asaf Jah VI. Devdi is one of the complexes in the Paigah Palace residence house of the Paigah Nobelity, In the hierarchy of nobles of Hyderabad, the Paigah family ranked immediately next to the ruling family of Nizams.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nawab Abu'l Fateh Khan</span> Indian nobleman from the House of Paigah

Nawab Muhammad Abu'l Fateh Khan Bahadur, Taigh Jang Bahadur was an Indian nobleman and founder of the House of Paigah. He was also known as Abu'l Khair Khan II and conferred with the titles Shams ul-Umara, Shams ul-Mulk, Shams ud-Daula, and Imam Jung III.

Abu'l Fakhr Muhammad Fakhruddin Khan (1780–1863), also called Amir e KabirShams-ul-Umra I, was an Indian nobleman. He was the first member of the House of Paigah to be matrimonially allied to the House of Asaf Jah. His full name with titles was Shams ul-Umara, Amir-i-Kabir, Khurshid ul-Mulk,Khurshid ud-Daula, Nawab ‘Abu’l Fakhr Muhammad Fakhr ud-din Khan Bahadur, Imam Jang [‘Abu’l Khair Khan III]; he became The First Amir of the House of Paigah, the Paigah Amirs held the honorary monarchal (standard) behind the Nizam of Hyderabad and were the highest order nobility. Paigah members were said to be richer than average Maharajas and had their own standing army, palaces, and courts

References

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