Hypercementosis

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Hypercementosis
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Hypercementosis is an idiopathic, non-neoplastic condition characterized by the excessive buildup of normal cementum (calcified tissue) on the roots of one or more teeth. [1] A thicker layer of cementum can give the tooth an enlarged appearance, which mainly occurs at the apex or apices of the tooth.

Contents

Signs and symptoms

It is experienced as an uncomfortable sensation in the tooth, followed by an aching pain. [2]

It may be shown on radiographs as a radiopaque (or lighter) mass at each root apex.

Cause

Can be caused by many things. [3]

Local factors:

Systemic factors:

It may be one of the complications of Paget's disease of bone in the form of generalized hypercementosis.

It may also be a compensatory mechanism in response to attrition to increase occlusal tooth height.

Complications

Such deposits form bulbous enlargements on the roots and may interfere with extractions, especially if adjacent teeth become fused (concrescence). It may also result in pulpal necrosis by blocking blood supply via the apical foramen. [4]

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Occlusal trauma</span> Damage to teeth due to excessive force

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Crown-to-root ratio</span>

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cementoma</span> Medical condition

Cementoma is an odontogenic tumor of cementum. It is usually observed as a benign spherical mass of hard tissue fused to the root of a tooth. It is found most commonly in the mandible in the region of the lower molar teeth, occurring between the ages of 8 and 30 in both sexes with equal frequency. It causes distortion of surrounding areas but is usually a painless growth, at least initially. Considerable thickening of the cementum can often be observed. A periapical form is also recognized. Cementoma is not exclusive to the mandible as it can infrequently occur in the maxilla and other parts of the body such as the long bones.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tooth resorption</span> Medical condition

Resorption of the root of the tooth, or root resorption, is the progressive loss of dentin and cementum by the action of odontoclasts. Root resorption is a normal physiological process that occurs in the exfoliation of the primary dentition. However, pathological root resorption occurs in the permanent or secondary dentition and sometimes in the primary dentition.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tooth mobility</span> Medical condition

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Tooth ankylosis refers to a fusion between a tooth and underlying bony support tissues. In some species, this is a normal process that occurs during the formation or maintenance of the dentition. By contrast, in humans tooth ankylosis is pathological, whereby a fusion between alveolar bone and the cementum of a tooth occurs.

References

  1. L Napier Souza, S Monteiro Lima Júnior FJ Garcia Santos Pimenta, AC Rodrigues Antunes Souza and R Santiago Gomez. "Atypical hypercementosis versus cementoblastoma". dmfr.birjournals.org. Retrieved 2009-09-08.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  2. "Hypercementosis or Dental Exostosis". chestofbooks.com. Retrieved 2009-09-08.
  3. Charles, Dunlap (2004). "Abnormalities of Teeth" (PDF). PDF. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2011-10-11.
  4. Illustrated Dental Embryology, Histology, and Anatomy, Bath-Balogh and Fehrenbach, Elsevier, 2011