Hyperolius parallelus

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Hyperolius parallelus
Hyperolius parallelus - Angolan Reed Frog.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Anura
Family: Hyperoliidae
Genus: Hyperolius
Species:
H. parallelus
Binomial name
Hyperolius parallelus
Günther, 1858 [2]
Synonyms [3]
  • Hyperolius marmoratus var. angolensis Steindachner, 1867
  • Hyperolius angolensis Steindachner, 1867
  • Hyperolius toulsonii Bocage, 1868 "1867"
  • Hyperolius insignis Bocage, 1868 "1867"
  • Hyperolius huillensis Bocage, 1873
  • Hyperolius erythromelanus Monard, 1937 "1936"
  • Hyperolius angolensis quarrei Laurent, 1943

Hyperolius parallelus, also known as the Angolan reed frog (being treated as Hyperolius angolensis by many authors [3] ), is a species of frog in the family Hyperoliidae. It is found in Southern and Central Africa. [1] [3] It is part of the so-called Hyperolius viridiflavus species complex [1] [3] [4] and has a complex history of taxonomic treatments. [3] [5]

Contents

Description

In samples from Central Africa, adult males measure 30–38 mm (1.2–1.5 in) in snout–vent length. [6] The tympanum is not visible. The head and snout are short. The syntypes were dorsally dark brown with three white, parallel bands; [2] nevertheless, the dorsal pattern is variable. [7]

Distribution and habitat

Hyperolius parallelus is found in southern Republic of the Congo and Democratic Republic of the Congo, Angola, northern Namibia and Botswana, and western Zambia; [1] [3] the exact limits of its range are not clear and might extend into Gabon and Zimbabwe. It occurs in savanna, grassland and bush land, as well as many human-modified habitats such as cultivated land, towns, and gardens; it is associated in with emergent vegetation at the margins of swamps, rivers and lakes. Reproduction takes place in both temporary and permanent bodies of water and the eggs are laid directly into the water. [1]

Conservation

This widespread and extremely abundant species is not facing any significant threats; it readily colonizes newly created waterbodies. It probably is present in many protected areas. [1]

Related Research Articles

<i>Hyperolius hypsiphonus</i> Species of frog

Hyperolius hypsiphonus is a species of frog in the family Hyperoliidae. It is found in southern Cameroon, Gabon, Equatorial Guinea, the western Republic of the Congo, and northwestern Angola. Common name cross-banded egg-guarding frog has been proposed for it.

Hyperolius obstetricans, or frilled egg-guarding frog, is a species of frog in the family Hyperoliidae. It is known from southern and south-western Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, and northern Angola; it is likely to occur in the intervening Republic of the Congo and Democratic Republic of the Congo.

<i>Hyperolius poweri</i> Species of amphibian

Hyperolius poweri is a species of frogs in the family Hyperoliidae. It is found in southeastern coast of South Africa and southern Mozambique. The specific name poweri honours John Hyacinth Power, Irish-born director of the McGregor Museum who collected amphibians as well as reptiles and plants. Accordingly, common names Power's reed frog and Power's long reed frog have been proposed for this species.

<i>Hyperolius benguellensis</i> Species of frog

Hyperolius benguellensis is a species of frog in the family Hyperoliidae. It is found in southern Angola and northern Botswana and Namibia, but other sources cite a wider and more eastern distribution. It is similar to Hyperolius nasutus and have been considered a synonym of that species. Hyperolius benguellensis is not considered threatened.

Hyperolius bolifambae is a species of frog in the family Hyperoliidae. It is known from southeastern Nigeria, southern Cameroon, and southwestern Central African Republic, with an isolated record in northeastern Democratic Republic of the Congo ; the latter record may be considered doubtful. It likely has a broader range towards south and east than currently documented, and the AmphibiaWeb includes Gabon and the Republic of the Congo in the distribution.

Hyperolius brachiofasciatus is a species of frog in the family Hyperoliidae. It is known from its type locality, Ngoto in southwestern Central African Republic, from another locality in central Republic of the Congo, and from a number of localities in central Democratic Republic of the Congo. However, as of 2014, IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group considers records other than the one from the type locality erroneous, and that this species likely is a synonym of some other species. Common name Ngoto reed frog has been proposed for it.

<i>Hyperolius castaneus</i> Species of amphibian

Hyperolius castaneus is a species of frogs in the family Hyperoliidae. It is found in the highlands of western Burundi, Rwanda, and Uganda as well as eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. Common names of this species include Ahl's reed frog, brown reed frog, and montane reed frog. The status of the putative subspecies Hyperolius castaneus rhodogaster is unclear, and it may actually be a distinct species. Also Hyperolius constellatus, now a distinct species, was formerly recognized as a subspecies of H. castaneus.

Hyperolius discodactylus is a species of frogs in the family Hyperoliidae. It occurs in the montane areas of eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo and western Uganda, Rwanda, and Burundi. It is also known as the Albertine Rift reed frog, highland reed frog, or disc-fingered reed frog.

Hyperolius igbettensis is a species of frog in the family Hyperoliidae. It is found in West Africa from Guinea eastward to Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo and Benin, Nigeria, and into Central Africa at least to Cameroon but likely further east to the Central African Republic and southwestern Chad; the eastern border of distribution of this species relative to other members in the Hyperolius nasutus complex is unclear. Common name Igbetti long reed frog has been coined for it. The type locality is near Igbetti, a village in Oyo State, Nigeria.

Hyperolius kachalolae is a species of frog in the family Hyperoliidae. It is known from the area extending from northwestern Zambia to central Malawi, although it is likely that its true range extends into adjacent southern Democratic Republic of the Congo and extreme eastern Angola. Common name Kachalola reed frog has been proposed for it.

Hyperolius kihangensis, also known as the Kihanga reed frog or volcano reed frog, is a species of frogs in the family Hyperoliidae. It is endemic to the Udzungwa Mountains in south-central Tanzania.

<i>Hyperolius minutissimus</i> Species of frog

Hyperolius minutissimus is a species of frog in the family Hyperoliidae. It's common names are tiny reed frog and dwarf reed frog. It is endemic to Tanzania and known from the Udzungwa Mountains and from near Njombe in the Southern Highlands.

<i>Hyperolius nasutus</i> Species of frog

Hyperolius nasutus is a species of frog in the family Hyperoliidae. Common names include long-nosed reed frog, sharp-nosed reed frog and long reed frog. It is known from northern Angola and northern Botswana, but it presumably occurs more widely. The nominal Hyperolius nasutus was partitioned in 2013 into three cryptic species, the other two being Hyperolius viridis and Hyperolius microps. All these species are members of the so-called Hyperolius nasutus species group, the "long reed frogs".

Hyperolius nitidulus is a species of frog from the family Hyperoliidae. It is found on the West African savannas between Guinea and Mali in the west and Nigeria and Cameroon in the east. Common name plain reed frog has been coined for it.

<i>Hyperolius ocellatus</i> Species of amphibian

Hyperolius ocellatus is a species of tropical West African frog in the family Hyperoliidae, that is split into the subspecies H. o. ocellatus and H. o. purpurescens. It is found in Angola, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Nigeria, Uganda, and possibly Rwanda. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, rivers, intermittent freshwater marshes, freshwater springs, rural gardens, heavily degraded former forest, ponds, and canals and ditches.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pickersgill's reed frog</span> Species of amphibian in the family Hyperoliidae endemic to South Africa

Pickersgill's reed frog, also known as Avoca reed frog, is a species of frog in the family Hyperoliidae. It is endemic to South Africa. It occurs in the coastal lowlands of KwaZulu-Natal between Sezela and St Lucia.

Hyperolius sankuruensis, also known as the Omaniundu reed frog, is a species of frog in the family Hyperoliidae. It is endemic to the Democratic Republic of the Congo and is known from its type locality, Omaniundu in the Sankuru Province, and from a number of unspecified other localities. It is one of the "lost" frogs that was rediscovered decades after the last previous sighting.

Hyperolius schoutedeni is a species of frog in the family Hyperoliidae. It is known from the northern half of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, central-west and southeastern Republic of the Congo, and southeastern Gabon; its true range probably extends into the adjacent Central African Republic and South Sudan. It is morphologically very similar to Hyperolius cinnamomeoventris and has been confused with that species. However, molecular data suggests that its closest relatives include Hyperolius kivuensis, Hyperolius balfouri, and Hyperolius quinquevittatus, rather than H. cinnamomeoventris.

<i>Hyperolius tuberculatus</i> Species of amphibian

Hyperolius tuberculatus is a species of frog in the family Hyperoliidae. Its common name is rainforest reed frog. It ranges from the southeastern Nigeria to the Central Africa in Cameroon, western Central African Republic, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Republic of the Congo, and Democratic Republic of the Congo. It is also likely to occur in the Cabinda enclave of Angola.

Hyperolius vilhenai is a species of frog in the family Hyperoliidae. It is only known from its type locality, Cuílo, along the Luita River in northern Angola, although it is likely to occur in adjacent Democratic Republic of the Congo. Additional specimens from the Cangandala National Park have been provisionally assigned to this species. The specific name vilhenai honours Ernesto Jardim de Vilhena, a Portuguese naval officer, politician, and businessman. Common names Luita River reed frog and Vilhena's reed frog have been proposed for this frog.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2013). "Hyperolius parallelus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2013: e.T56176A18379951. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-2.RLTS.T56176A18379951.en . Retrieved 15 November 2021.
  2. 1 2 Günther, Albert C. L. G. (1858). "Neue Batrachier in der Sammlung des Britischen Museums". Archiv für Naturgeschichte. 24: 319–328. doi: 10.5962/bhl.part.5288 .
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Frost, Darrel R. (2021). "Hyperolius parallelus Günther, 1858". Amphibian Species of the World: An Online Reference. Version 6.1. American Museum of Natural History. doi:10.5531/db.vz.0001 . Retrieved 25 February 2021.
  4. ↑ Channing, Allan & Rödel, Mark-Oliver (2019). Field Guide to the Frogs & other Amphibians of Africa. Cape Town: Struik Nature. pp. 396–397. ISBN   978-1-77584-512-6.
  5. ↑ Marques, M. P.; Ceríaco, L. M. P.; Blackburn, D. C. & Bauer, A. M. (2018). "Diversity and distribution of the amphibians and terrestrial reptiles of Angola. Atlas of historical and bibliographic records (1840–2017)" (PDF). Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences. 4th Series. 65 (Suppl. II): 1–501.
  6. ↑ Dehling, J. Maximilian & Sinsch, Ulrich (2019). "Partitioning of morphospace in larval and adult reed frogs (Anura: Hyperoliidae: Hyperolius) of the Central African Albertine Rift". Zoologischer Anzeiger. 280: 65–77. doi:10.1016/j.jcz.2019.04.003.
  7. ↑ Conradie, W.; Branch, W. R.; Measey, G. J. & Tolley, K. A. (2012). "A new species of Hyperolius Rapp, 1842 (Anura: Hyperoliidae) from the Serra da Chela mountains, south-western Angola". Zootaxa. 3269: 1–17.
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